青海省农牧区居民藏系绵羊鼠疫防病知识调查分析
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摘要
目的了解青海省农牧区居民对藏系绵羊鼠疫防病知识的知晓情况,为卫生部门制定科学的鼠疫防治政策提供依据。方法随机抽取青海省8个州(市)农牧区居民为调查对象,采用面对面问卷调查方式,就16个藏系绵羊鼠疫(以下简称藏羊鼠疫)的相关知识进行调查。结果调查对象对藏羊会感染鼠疫的总知晓率为57. 3%,其中农民为63. 0%、牧民为51. 1%;对人感染鼠疫的防治知识总知晓率为37. 4%,其中农民为46. 3%、牧民为27. 8%;对藏羊鼠疫传播危险因素暴露比例为53. 6%,其中农民为47. 4%、牧民为64. 3%。结论青海省农牧民对藏羊鼠疫防病知识欠缺,对藏羊鼠疫危险因素暴露比例较高,应以牧民为重点人群大力宣传鼠疫防治知识和国家相关法律法规,提高农牧民对藏羊鼠疫的防病意识和自我保护能力。
Objective To identify the levels of Tibetan sheep plague prevention related knowledge among rural and pastoral residents in Qinghai,to provide basis for department of health to formulate strategies on plague control and prevention. Methods Residents from 8 counties( cities) were randomly selected and surveyed using face-to-face questionnaires with 16 plague-related questions. Results The total awareness rate of the Tibetan sheep-related plague was 57. 3%,among which the farmers were 63. 0% and the herdsmen were 51. 1%. The total awareness rate of the prevention and control knowledge of the plague was37. 4%,among which the farmers were 46. 3% and the herdsmen were 27. 8%. The exposure ratio of the risk factors to Tibetan sheep-related plague was 53. 6%,the farmers being 47. 4% and the herdsmen being 64. 3%. Conclusion The farmers and herdsmen in Qinghai are still deficient in the knowledge of Tibetan sheep-related plague. The rate of exposure to the risk factors of Tibetan sheep-related plague is high. The prevention and control knowledge of the plague and relevant laws and regulations should be vigorously publicized to the herdsmen as the key population,so as to improve the awareness of disease prevention and self protection ability of the farmers and herdsmen against the plague.
Objective To identify the levels of Tibetan sheep plague prevention related knowledge among rural and pastoral residents in Qinghai,to provide basis for department of health to formulate strategies on plague control and prevention. Methods Residents from 8 counties( cities) were randomly selected and surveyed using face-to-face questionnaires with 16 plague-related questions. Results The total awareness rate of the Tibetan sheep-related plague was 57. 3%,among which the farmers were 63. 0% and the herdsmen were 51. 1%. The total awareness rate of the prevention and control knowledge of the plague was37. 4%,among which the farmers were 46. 3% and the herdsmen were 27. 8%. The exposure ratio of the risk factors to Tibetan sheep-related plague was 53. 6%,the farmers being 47. 4% and the herdsmen being 64. 3%. Conclusion The farmers and herdsmen in Qinghai are still deficient in the knowledge of Tibetan sheep-related plague. The rate of exposure to the risk factors of Tibetan sheep-related plague is high. The prevention and control knowledge of the plague and relevant laws and regulations should be vigorously publicized to the herdsmen as the key population,so as to improve the awareness of disease prevention and self protection ability of the farmers and herdsmen against the plague.
引文
[1]唐新元. 1975-2015年青海省藏系绵羊鼠疫流行病学分析[J].青海畜牧兽医杂志,2016,46(5):19-21.
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[3]于守鸿,焦巴太,莫清云,等.青海高原西藏山羊自然感染鼠疫[J].中华流行病学杂志,2006,27(9):818.
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[5]杨晓艳,熊浩明,代瑞霞,等.青海省果洛藏族自治州藏系绵羊血清鼠疫F1抗体流行病学调查[J].中华地方病学杂志,2017,36(12):899-901.
[6]魏柏青,熊浩明,杨晓艳,等.青海高原藏系绵羊鼠疫流行病学和病原学特征分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2015,36(3):271-274.
[7]李积成,祁美英,代瑞霞,等.青海省海西州藏系绵羊鼠疫调查分析[J].中国人兽共患病学报,2016,32(1):99-101,106.
[8]金泳,杨晓艳,何建,等. 1995-2014年德令哈市鼠疫流行病学分析[J].医学动物防制,2015,31(12):1299-1300,1304.
[9]赵小龙,祁美英,辛有全,等.青海省德令哈市鼠疫病原学及流行病学特征分析[J].中国病原生物学杂志,2015,28(12):1097-1099.
[10]杨晓艳,靳娟,何建,等.祁连县1958-2014年鼠疫流行病学分析[J].医学动物防制,2016,32(8):827-828,831.
[11]张涛,李丽.鼠疫自然疫源地干预措施的探讨[J].医学动物防制,2013,29(12):1361-1363.
[12]王兆芬,席亚芳,刘寿,等.青海农牧区居民鼠疫预防与控制知识现况及健康教育途径调查[J].现代预防医学,2010,37(34):4629-4631.
[2]王祖郧.青海省藏系绵羊鼠疫及其防治对策[J].中国人兽共患病学报,1999,15(6):95,106.
[3]于守鸿,焦巴太,莫清云,等.青海高原西藏山羊自然感染鼠疫[J].中华流行病学杂志,2006,27(9):818.
[4]王祖郧,罗松达卫.青海省以染疫藏系绵羊为传染源的人间鼠疫流行病学分析[J].疾病预防控制通报,1999,14(3):35-36.
[5]杨晓艳,熊浩明,代瑞霞,等.青海省果洛藏族自治州藏系绵羊血清鼠疫F1抗体流行病学调查[J].中华地方病学杂志,2017,36(12):899-901.
[6]魏柏青,熊浩明,杨晓艳,等.青海高原藏系绵羊鼠疫流行病学和病原学特征分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2015,36(3):271-274.
[7]李积成,祁美英,代瑞霞,等.青海省海西州藏系绵羊鼠疫调查分析[J].中国人兽共患病学报,2016,32(1):99-101,106.
[8]金泳,杨晓艳,何建,等. 1995-2014年德令哈市鼠疫流行病学分析[J].医学动物防制,2015,31(12):1299-1300,1304.
[9]赵小龙,祁美英,辛有全,等.青海省德令哈市鼠疫病原学及流行病学特征分析[J].中国病原生物学杂志,2015,28(12):1097-1099.
[10]杨晓艳,靳娟,何建,等.祁连县1958-2014年鼠疫流行病学分析[J].医学动物防制,2016,32(8):827-828,831.
[11]张涛,李丽.鼠疫自然疫源地干预措施的探讨[J].医学动物防制,2013,29(12):1361-1363.
[12]王兆芬,席亚芳,刘寿,等.青海农牧区居民鼠疫预防与控制知识现况及健康教育途径调查[J].现代预防医学,2010,37(34):4629-4631.