虹吸管道内流场数值模拟研究及分析
|
摘要
以虹吸式坐便器产品中的虹吸管道为研究对象,应用FLUENT软件对虹吸管道冲水过程中的气液两相流进行了三维数值模拟,研究了不同虹吸管道结构对虹吸性能的影响。通过改变管道结构参数(阻水段倾斜角度和爬坡段长度),分别对管道内流场进行对比分析,并依据数值模拟结果提出了虹吸管道结构优化设计的建议。模拟结果表明,虹吸管道结构直接影响虹吸性能,在管道内流场中,管顶驼峰处会产生明显的负压,影响虹吸起始时间;管道出口处均产生正压,且该处气液两相变化变得剧烈;适当缩短爬坡段长度,有利于延长虹吸持续时间;适当增加阻水段倾斜角度,有利于维持虹吸稳定。
In this paper,three different siphon pipelines were imported to the CFD software FLUENT with the gas-liquid two-phase flow field to simulate the flush process and study how the siphon pipeline structures affected the siphon performance.By changing some design parameters of the pipeline structures,including the inclined angle of resistant section and the length of upward section,numerical simulation results were analyzed and some valuable guidelines for optimizing the siphon pipeline structures was proposed.The simulation results indicated that the tip pipelines have an obvious negative pressure in the three types of siphon pipelines which is important to start the siphon phenomena.A positive pressure is generated at the outlet of the pipelines,accompanied with violent gas and liquid phase changes.Properly shortening the length of the upward section may prolong the duration of siphon.Through increase of the inclined angle of resistant section,the stability of the siphon would be more stable.
In this paper,three different siphon pipelines were imported to the CFD software FLUENT with the gas-liquid two-phase flow field to simulate the flush process and study how the siphon pipeline structures affected the siphon performance.By changing some design parameters of the pipeline structures,including the inclined angle of resistant section and the length of upward section,numerical simulation results were analyzed and some valuable guidelines for optimizing the siphon pipeline structures was proposed.The simulation results indicated that the tip pipelines have an obvious negative pressure in the three types of siphon pipelines which is important to start the siphon phenomena.A positive pressure is generated at the outlet of the pipelines,accompanied with violent gas and liquid phase changes.Properly shortening the length of the upward section may prolong the duration of siphon.Through increase of the inclined angle of resistant section,the stability of the siphon would be more stable.
引文
[1]彭志威.基于计算流体力学的虹吸式流道形状优化设计[D].湖南大学,2009.(PENG Zhi-wei.Shape Optimization Design of Siphon Channel Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics[D].Hunan University,2009.(in Chinese))
[2]阎超.计算流体力学方法及应用[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2006.(YAN Chao.Computational Fluid Dynamics Method and Application[M].Beijing:Beihang University Press,2006.(in Chinese))
[3]孙树立,苑远,勾志宏,等.一种基于单元几何变形的网格修匀方法[J].计算力学学报,2016,33(4):478-484.(SUN Shu-li,YUAN Yuan,GOU Zhi-hong,et al.Mesh smoothing approach based on element geometrical deformation operation[J].Chinese Journal of Computational Mechanics,2016,33(4):478-484.(in Chinese))
[4]马亮,刘沛清,聂建军.马桶冲洗过程的流体力学模型[J].水动力学研究与进展,2004,19(6):783-787.(MA Liang,LIU Pei-qing,NIE Jian-jun.A hydraulic model for the water-rinsing process of siphonagetoilet[J].Journal of Hydrodynamics,2004,19(6):783-787.(in Chinese))
[5]修国基,王宇华,梁海波,等.虹吸式坐便器的逆向造型及其虹吸管道的优化[J].佛山科学技术学院学报(自然科学版),2010,28(2):39-43.(XIU Guo-ji,WANG Yu-hua,LIANG Hai-bo,et al.Reverse design of siphon toilet and the optimum for siphon pipeline[J].Jouranal of Foshan University(Natural Sciences Edition),2010,28(2):39-43.(in Chinese))
[6]赵世宜,刘子建,彭志威.基于CFD的坐便器虹吸管道优化设计及实验验证[J].系统仿真学报,2008,20(16):4412-4416.(ZHAO Shi-yi,LIU Zi-jian,PENG Zhi-wei.Optimized design of toilet siphon pipeline based on fluent and its validated test[J].Jouranal of System Simulation,2008,20(16):4412-4416.(in Chinese))
[7] An I Y,Lee Y L,Kim J H.A study of the characteristics of a super water-saving toilet with flexible trapway by measuring accumulated flow rate[J].Journal of Mechanical Science&Technology,2014,28(8):3067-3074.
[8]李庚,吴俊奇,张哲,等.负压瞬间抽吸坐便器水封的探索性试验研究[J].给水排水,2014,40(2):95-98.(LI Geng,WU Jun-qi,ZHANG Zhe,et al.Experiment study of instantaneous negative pressure in flush toilet[J].Water&Wastewater Engineering,2014,40(2):95-98.(in Chinese))
[9]翟立晓,吴俊奇,湛禹,等.坐便器排水口流量特性及分析[J].给水排水,2014,40(5):78-81.(ZHAI Li-xiao,WU Jun-qi,ZHAN Yu,et al.Flow characteristic and analysis of closet pan outfall[J].Water&Wastewater Engineering,2014,40(5):78-81.(in Chinese))
[10]刘子建,熊敏,余治民.基于动态来流的非稳态虹吸流动控制与优化[J].湖南大学学报(自科科学版),2012,39(10):31-35.(LIU Zi-jian,XIONG Min,YU Zhi-min.Unsteady siphon flow controlling and optimizing based on dynamic flow condition[J].Jouranal of Hunan University(Natural Sciences),2012,39(10):31-35.(in Chinese))
[11]刘德有,周领,索丽生,等.水流冲击管道内滞留气团现象的VOF模型仿真分析[J].计算力学学报,2009,26(3):390-394.(LIU De-you,ZHOU Ling,SUO Li-sheng,et al.Simulation and analysis of the rapid filling in pipeline containing trapped air mass with VOF models[J].Chinese Jouranal of Computational Mechanics,2009,26(3):390-394.(in Chinese))
[12]王利民,邱小平,李静海.气固两相流介尺度LBMDEM模型[J].计算力学学报,2015,32(5):685-692.(WANG li-min,QIU Xiao-ping,LI Jing-hai.Mesoscale LBM-DEM model for gas-solid two-phase flow[J].Chinese Journal of Computational Mechanics,2015,32(5):125-133.(in Chinese))
[13]Rollet-Miet P,Laurence D,Ferziger J.LES and RANS of turbulent flow in tube bundles[J].International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow,1999,20(3):241-254.
[14]Wilcox D C.Turbulence Modeling for CFD[M].DCW Industries,2006.
[15]温正,石良臣,任毅如.FLUENT流体计算应用教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2009.(WEN Zheng,SHI Liang-chen,REN Yi-ru.Application of FLUENT Fluid Calculation[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2009.(in Chinese))
[2]阎超.计算流体力学方法及应用[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2006.(YAN Chao.Computational Fluid Dynamics Method and Application[M].Beijing:Beihang University Press,2006.(in Chinese))
[3]孙树立,苑远,勾志宏,等.一种基于单元几何变形的网格修匀方法[J].计算力学学报,2016,33(4):478-484.(SUN Shu-li,YUAN Yuan,GOU Zhi-hong,et al.Mesh smoothing approach based on element geometrical deformation operation[J].Chinese Journal of Computational Mechanics,2016,33(4):478-484.(in Chinese))
[4]马亮,刘沛清,聂建军.马桶冲洗过程的流体力学模型[J].水动力学研究与进展,2004,19(6):783-787.(MA Liang,LIU Pei-qing,NIE Jian-jun.A hydraulic model for the water-rinsing process of siphonagetoilet[J].Journal of Hydrodynamics,2004,19(6):783-787.(in Chinese))
[5]修国基,王宇华,梁海波,等.虹吸式坐便器的逆向造型及其虹吸管道的优化[J].佛山科学技术学院学报(自然科学版),2010,28(2):39-43.(XIU Guo-ji,WANG Yu-hua,LIANG Hai-bo,et al.Reverse design of siphon toilet and the optimum for siphon pipeline[J].Jouranal of Foshan University(Natural Sciences Edition),2010,28(2):39-43.(in Chinese))
[6]赵世宜,刘子建,彭志威.基于CFD的坐便器虹吸管道优化设计及实验验证[J].系统仿真学报,2008,20(16):4412-4416.(ZHAO Shi-yi,LIU Zi-jian,PENG Zhi-wei.Optimized design of toilet siphon pipeline based on fluent and its validated test[J].Jouranal of System Simulation,2008,20(16):4412-4416.(in Chinese))
[7] An I Y,Lee Y L,Kim J H.A study of the characteristics of a super water-saving toilet with flexible trapway by measuring accumulated flow rate[J].Journal of Mechanical Science&Technology,2014,28(8):3067-3074.
[8]李庚,吴俊奇,张哲,等.负压瞬间抽吸坐便器水封的探索性试验研究[J].给水排水,2014,40(2):95-98.(LI Geng,WU Jun-qi,ZHANG Zhe,et al.Experiment study of instantaneous negative pressure in flush toilet[J].Water&Wastewater Engineering,2014,40(2):95-98.(in Chinese))
[9]翟立晓,吴俊奇,湛禹,等.坐便器排水口流量特性及分析[J].给水排水,2014,40(5):78-81.(ZHAI Li-xiao,WU Jun-qi,ZHAN Yu,et al.Flow characteristic and analysis of closet pan outfall[J].Water&Wastewater Engineering,2014,40(5):78-81.(in Chinese))
[10]刘子建,熊敏,余治民.基于动态来流的非稳态虹吸流动控制与优化[J].湖南大学学报(自科科学版),2012,39(10):31-35.(LIU Zi-jian,XIONG Min,YU Zhi-min.Unsteady siphon flow controlling and optimizing based on dynamic flow condition[J].Jouranal of Hunan University(Natural Sciences),2012,39(10):31-35.(in Chinese))
[11]刘德有,周领,索丽生,等.水流冲击管道内滞留气团现象的VOF模型仿真分析[J].计算力学学报,2009,26(3):390-394.(LIU De-you,ZHOU Ling,SUO Li-sheng,et al.Simulation and analysis of the rapid filling in pipeline containing trapped air mass with VOF models[J].Chinese Jouranal of Computational Mechanics,2009,26(3):390-394.(in Chinese))
[12]王利民,邱小平,李静海.气固两相流介尺度LBMDEM模型[J].计算力学学报,2015,32(5):685-692.(WANG li-min,QIU Xiao-ping,LI Jing-hai.Mesoscale LBM-DEM model for gas-solid two-phase flow[J].Chinese Journal of Computational Mechanics,2015,32(5):125-133.(in Chinese))
[13]Rollet-Miet P,Laurence D,Ferziger J.LES and RANS of turbulent flow in tube bundles[J].International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow,1999,20(3):241-254.
[14]Wilcox D C.Turbulence Modeling for CFD[M].DCW Industries,2006.
[15]温正,石良臣,任毅如.FLUENT流体计算应用教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2009.(WEN Zheng,SHI Liang-chen,REN Yi-ru.Application of FLUENT Fluid Calculation[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2009.(in Chinese))