虹吸式管道排沙技术在西霞院水库清淤中的试验研究
|
摘要
为研究虹吸式管道排沙技术在西霞院水库清淤中的应用及效果,基于水库库区现场的清淤试验,利用西霞院水库上下游水位差的虹吸作用,辅以破土射流冲吸式吸泥头扰沙,通过对输沙管道沿程含沙量和流量等特征值的跟踪监测,研究单泵及双泵串联条件下,200m3/s、220m3/s、230m3/s、240m3/s、250m3/s、300m3/s和330m3/s共7个流量级不同试验工况下测点含沙量的变化范围、趋势及粒径级配等,并对试验清淤效果进行定量分析。水库清淤的现场试验结果表明:随着虹吸式管道排沙试验的工况流量不断增大,所测的平均含沙量呈现出增大趋势,而最大含沙量呈现先增大后减小的趋势,整个试验过程最大含沙量达到342.61kg/m3,清淤2 000m3泥沙的生产成本为10.56万元。
In order to study the application and effect of siphon-type pipe sediment-discharging technology in dredging of Xixiayuan reservoir in the middle reaches of the Yellow River,based on the on-site dredging test at the reservoir,we utilized the siphon effect of the water level difference between the upper and lower reaches of Xixiayuan Reservoir,along with soil breaking jetting suction drag head for sediment regulation.Through tracking and monitoring the characteristic values such as sediment concentration and flow rate along the sediment transport pipeline,we studied the sediment concentration variation range,trend,and particle size gradation at the measured point under different test conditions,and carried out quantitative analysis of the dredging effect in the test.The results showed that with the increase of the flow rate,the average sediment concentration would increase while the maximum sediment concentration would increase first and then decrease.The maximum sediment concentration throughout the test reached 342.61kg/m~3.The production cost for dredging 2 000 m~3 sediment was 105 600 yuan.
In order to study the application and effect of siphon-type pipe sediment-discharging technology in dredging of Xixiayuan reservoir in the middle reaches of the Yellow River,based on the on-site dredging test at the reservoir,we utilized the siphon effect of the water level difference between the upper and lower reaches of Xixiayuan Reservoir,along with soil breaking jetting suction drag head for sediment regulation.Through tracking and monitoring the characteristic values such as sediment concentration and flow rate along the sediment transport pipeline,we studied the sediment concentration variation range,trend,and particle size gradation at the measured point under different test conditions,and carried out quantitative analysis of the dredging effect in the test.The results showed that with the increase of the flow rate,the average sediment concentration would increase while the maximum sediment concentration would increase first and then decrease.The maximum sediment concentration throughout the test reached 342.61kg/m~3.The production cost for dredging 2 000 m~3 sediment was 105 600 yuan.
引文
[1]舒大兴,戚振亚,吕殿荣.水库水力自耕吸泥清淤装置研究[J].人民黄河,2014,36(12):138-139.(SHU D X,QI Z Y,LYU D R.Study on hydraulic dredging device for reservoir self-cultivation and suction[J].People′s Yellow River,2014,36(12):138-139.(in Chinese))DOI:10.3969/j.issn.100-1379.2014.12.042.
[2]朱超,吴国英,陈融旭.小浪底库区抽沙输沙试验工程布置研究[J].水电能源科学,2016,34(10):128-131.(ZHU C,WU G Y,CHEN R X.Study on the arrangement of sand and sediment test project in Xiaolangdi Reservoir Area[J].Water Resources and Power,2016,34(10):128-131.(in Chinese))
[3]胡春宏.我国多沙河流水库“蓄清排浑”运用方式的发展与实践[J].水利学报,2016,47(3):283-291.(HU C H.Development and practice of the application method of"storage and drainage"in the Dusha River Reservoir in China[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2016,47(3):283-291.(in Chinese))DOI:10.13243/j.cnki.slxb.20151261.
[4]谢金明,吴保生,毛继新,等.泥沙淤积对水库影响的评估模型研究[J].水利发电学报,2012,31(6):137-142.(XIN J M,WU B S,MAO J X,et al.Research on evaluation model of sediment deposition on reservoirs[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2012,31(6):137-142.(in Chinese))
[5]陈建国,周文浩,韩闪闪.黄河小浪底水库拦沙后期运用方式的思考与建议[J].水利学报,2015,46(5):574-583.(CHEN J G,ZHOU W H,HAN S S.Reflections and suggestions on the application mode of the Yellow River Xiaolangdi Reservoir in the late stage of sand interception[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2015,46(5):574-583.(in Chinese))DOI:10.13243/j.cnki.slxb.20140767.
[6]王增辉.多沙河流水库异重流与溯源冲刷过程的数值模拟研究[D].武汉:武汉大学,2016.(WANG Z H.Numerical simulation of heterogeneous flow and traceability scouring process in the dusha river reservoir[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University,2016.(in Chinese))
[7]王梦婷,李琳,谭义梅,等.正虹吸管道水力特性试验研究[J].水电能源科学,2014,32(12):87-90,98.(WANG M T,LI L,TAN Y M,et al.Experimental study on hydraulic characteristics of positive siphon pipeline[J].Water Resources and Power,2014,32(12):87-90,98.(in Chinese))
[8]罗大鑫.管道排沙特性试验研究[D].天津:天津大学,2009.(LUO D X.Experimental study on sediment discharge characteristics of pipelines[D].Tianjin:Tianjin University,2009.(in Chinese))
[9]曾杉,秦毅,李时.小浪底水库泥沙管道高效输送的合理参数分析[J].南水北调与水利科技,2017,15(2):156-163.(CENG S,QIN Y,LI S.Analysis of reasonable parameters for efficient transportation of sediment pipeline in Xiaolangdi Reservoir[J].South-to-North Water Transfer and Water Science&Technology,2017,15(2):156-163.(in Chinese))DOI:10.13476/j.cnki.nsbdqk.2017.05.0024.
[10]陈成林,夏新利,魏祖涛,等.大库盘水库管道排沙系统试验研究[J].水资源与水工程学报,2011,22(3):89-91.(CHEN C L,XIA X L,WEI Z T,et al.Experimental study on sediment discharge system of Dakupan Reservoir[J].Journal of water resources and water engineering,2011,22(3):89-91.(in Chinese))
[11]吴昊,范如琴,焦瑞峰,等.黄河小浪底水文站河床冲淤趋势分析[J].人民黄河,2008,30(6):37-38.(WU H,FAN R Q,JIAO R F,et al.Analysis of river bed erosion and siltation trend in Xiaolangdi Hydrological Station of the Yellow River[J].Yellow River,2008,30(6):37-38.(in Chinese))
[12]张俊华,马怀宝,王婷,等.小浪底水库支流倒灌与淤积形态模型试验[J].水利水电科技进展,2013,3(2):1-4,25.(ZHANG J H,MA H B,WANG T,et al.Model test of tributary backflow and siltation in Xiaolangdi Reservoir[J].Advances in Science and Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources,2013,33(2):1-4,25.(in Chinese))DOI:10.3880/j.issn.1006-7647.2013.02.001.
[13]王婷,张俊华,马怀宝,等.小浪底水库淤积形态探讨[J].水利学报,2013,44(6):710-717.(WANG T,ZHANG J H,MA H B,et al.Discussion on sedimentation form of Xiaolangdi Reservoir[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2013,44(6):710-717.(in Chinese))
[14]顾霜妹,赵连军,董其华.小浪底水库异重流排沙期下游洪峰增值特性分析[J].中国农村水利水电,2015(4):113-115,119.(Analysis of the value of the peak value of the downstream flood peaks in the Xiaolangdi Reservoir during the sediment discharge period[J].China Rural Water and Hydropower,2015(4):113-115,119.(in Chinese))
[15]张俊华,马怀宝,夏军强,等.小浪底水库异重流高效输沙理论与调控[J].水利学报,2018,49(1):62-71.(ZHANG J H,MA H B,XIA J Q,et al.High-efficiency sediment transport theory and regulation of different gravity flow in Xiaolangdi Reservoir[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2018,49(1):62-71.(in Chinese))DOI:10.13243/j.cnki.slxb.20170969.
[16]李涛,张俊华,夏军强,等.小浪底水库溯源冲刷效率评估试验[J].水科学进展,2016,27(5):716-725.(LI T,ZHANG J H,XIA J Q,et al.Evaluation of traceability of traceability of Xiaolangdi Reservoir[J].Advances in Water Science,2016,27(5):716-725.(in Chinese))DOI:10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2016.05.009.
[17]申冠卿,张原峰,刘晓燕.小浪底水库拦沙期黄河引水对河道泥沙输移影响机理探讨[J].水利发电学报,2014,33(6):136-141.(SHEN G Q,ZHANG Y F,LIU X Y.Discussion on the mechanism of the influence of the Yellow River diversion on the sediment transport in the channel of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2014,33(6):136-141.(in Chinese))
[18]王远见,谢蔚,王婷,等.小浪底水库库区支流拦门沙形成的主因分析[J].泥沙研究,2016(6):51-58.(WANG Y J,XIE W,WANG T,et al.Analysis of the main cause of the formation of the tributaries of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir area[J].Soil Research,2016,(6):51-58.(in Chinese))DOI:10.16239/j.cnki.0468-155x.2016.06.009.
[19]张翔宇,董增川,马红亮.基于改进多目标遗传算法的小浪底水库优化调度研究[J].水电能源科学,2017,35(1):65-68.(ZHANG X Y,DONG Z C,MA H L.Research on optimal dispatching of Xiaolangdi Reservoir based on improved multi-objective genetic algorithm[J].Water Resources and Power,2017,35(1):65-68.(in Chinese))
[20]李昆鹏,马怀宝,郜国明,等.黄河汛前调水调沙小浪底水库减淤影响因素分析[J].中国农村水利水电,2015,(4):73-76,81.(LI K P,MA H B,GAO G M,et al.Analysis of factors affecting siltation reduction in the Xiaolangdi Reservoir of the Yellow River before the Yellow River[J].China Rural Water and Hydropower,2015,(4):73-76,81.(in Chinese))
[21]孙赞营,李勇,王开荣,等.1946年以来黄河下游泥沙治理研究的主要进展[J].泥沙研究,2017,42(1):73-80.(SUN Z Y,LI Y,WANG K R,et al.Major progress in sediment control research in the lower Yellow River since 1946[J].Journal of Sediment Research,2017,42(1):73-80.(in Chinese))DOI:10.16239/j.cnki.0468-155x.2017.01.012.
[22]翟家瑞.西霞院水库汛期的优化调度[J].人民黄河,2011,33(7):1-2.(ZHAI J R.Optimized dispatching of Xixiayuan Reservoir in flood season[J].Yellow River,2011,33(7):1-2.(in Chinese))DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1379.2011.07.001.
[23]李庆国,安催花,付健,等.西霞院水库运用方案分析[J].人民黄河,2012,34(8):30-32.(LI Q G,AN C H,FU J,et al.Analysis of the application plan of Xixiayuan Reservoir[J].People′s Yellow River,2012,34(8):30-32.(in Chinese))DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1379.2012.08.010.
[24]刘树君.小浪底与西霞院水库联合优化调度[J].人民黄河,2013,35(2):83-85.(LIU S J.Joint optimal dispatching of Xiaolangdi and Xixiayuan Reservoir[J].Yellow River,2013,35(2):83-85.(in Chinese))DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1379.2013.02.030.
[25]张俊华,李涛,马怀宝.小浪底水库调水调沙研究新进展[J].泥沙研究,2016,(2):68-75.(ZHANG J H,LI T,MA H B.New progress in water and sediment adjustment research of Xiaolangdi Reservoir[J].Journal of Sediment Research,2016,(2):68-75.(in Chinese))DOI:10.16239/j.cnki.0468-155x.2016.02.012.
[2]朱超,吴国英,陈融旭.小浪底库区抽沙输沙试验工程布置研究[J].水电能源科学,2016,34(10):128-131.(ZHU C,WU G Y,CHEN R X.Study on the arrangement of sand and sediment test project in Xiaolangdi Reservoir Area[J].Water Resources and Power,2016,34(10):128-131.(in Chinese))
[3]胡春宏.我国多沙河流水库“蓄清排浑”运用方式的发展与实践[J].水利学报,2016,47(3):283-291.(HU C H.Development and practice of the application method of"storage and drainage"in the Dusha River Reservoir in China[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2016,47(3):283-291.(in Chinese))DOI:10.13243/j.cnki.slxb.20151261.
[4]谢金明,吴保生,毛继新,等.泥沙淤积对水库影响的评估模型研究[J].水利发电学报,2012,31(6):137-142.(XIN J M,WU B S,MAO J X,et al.Research on evaluation model of sediment deposition on reservoirs[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2012,31(6):137-142.(in Chinese))
[5]陈建国,周文浩,韩闪闪.黄河小浪底水库拦沙后期运用方式的思考与建议[J].水利学报,2015,46(5):574-583.(CHEN J G,ZHOU W H,HAN S S.Reflections and suggestions on the application mode of the Yellow River Xiaolangdi Reservoir in the late stage of sand interception[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2015,46(5):574-583.(in Chinese))DOI:10.13243/j.cnki.slxb.20140767.
[6]王增辉.多沙河流水库异重流与溯源冲刷过程的数值模拟研究[D].武汉:武汉大学,2016.(WANG Z H.Numerical simulation of heterogeneous flow and traceability scouring process in the dusha river reservoir[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University,2016.(in Chinese))
[7]王梦婷,李琳,谭义梅,等.正虹吸管道水力特性试验研究[J].水电能源科学,2014,32(12):87-90,98.(WANG M T,LI L,TAN Y M,et al.Experimental study on hydraulic characteristics of positive siphon pipeline[J].Water Resources and Power,2014,32(12):87-90,98.(in Chinese))
[8]罗大鑫.管道排沙特性试验研究[D].天津:天津大学,2009.(LUO D X.Experimental study on sediment discharge characteristics of pipelines[D].Tianjin:Tianjin University,2009.(in Chinese))
[9]曾杉,秦毅,李时.小浪底水库泥沙管道高效输送的合理参数分析[J].南水北调与水利科技,2017,15(2):156-163.(CENG S,QIN Y,LI S.Analysis of reasonable parameters for efficient transportation of sediment pipeline in Xiaolangdi Reservoir[J].South-to-North Water Transfer and Water Science&Technology,2017,15(2):156-163.(in Chinese))DOI:10.13476/j.cnki.nsbdqk.2017.05.0024.
[10]陈成林,夏新利,魏祖涛,等.大库盘水库管道排沙系统试验研究[J].水资源与水工程学报,2011,22(3):89-91.(CHEN C L,XIA X L,WEI Z T,et al.Experimental study on sediment discharge system of Dakupan Reservoir[J].Journal of water resources and water engineering,2011,22(3):89-91.(in Chinese))
[11]吴昊,范如琴,焦瑞峰,等.黄河小浪底水文站河床冲淤趋势分析[J].人民黄河,2008,30(6):37-38.(WU H,FAN R Q,JIAO R F,et al.Analysis of river bed erosion and siltation trend in Xiaolangdi Hydrological Station of the Yellow River[J].Yellow River,2008,30(6):37-38.(in Chinese))
[12]张俊华,马怀宝,王婷,等.小浪底水库支流倒灌与淤积形态模型试验[J].水利水电科技进展,2013,3(2):1-4,25.(ZHANG J H,MA H B,WANG T,et al.Model test of tributary backflow and siltation in Xiaolangdi Reservoir[J].Advances in Science and Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources,2013,33(2):1-4,25.(in Chinese))DOI:10.3880/j.issn.1006-7647.2013.02.001.
[13]王婷,张俊华,马怀宝,等.小浪底水库淤积形态探讨[J].水利学报,2013,44(6):710-717.(WANG T,ZHANG J H,MA H B,et al.Discussion on sedimentation form of Xiaolangdi Reservoir[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2013,44(6):710-717.(in Chinese))
[14]顾霜妹,赵连军,董其华.小浪底水库异重流排沙期下游洪峰增值特性分析[J].中国农村水利水电,2015(4):113-115,119.(Analysis of the value of the peak value of the downstream flood peaks in the Xiaolangdi Reservoir during the sediment discharge period[J].China Rural Water and Hydropower,2015(4):113-115,119.(in Chinese))
[15]张俊华,马怀宝,夏军强,等.小浪底水库异重流高效输沙理论与调控[J].水利学报,2018,49(1):62-71.(ZHANG J H,MA H B,XIA J Q,et al.High-efficiency sediment transport theory and regulation of different gravity flow in Xiaolangdi Reservoir[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2018,49(1):62-71.(in Chinese))DOI:10.13243/j.cnki.slxb.20170969.
[16]李涛,张俊华,夏军强,等.小浪底水库溯源冲刷效率评估试验[J].水科学进展,2016,27(5):716-725.(LI T,ZHANG J H,XIA J Q,et al.Evaluation of traceability of traceability of Xiaolangdi Reservoir[J].Advances in Water Science,2016,27(5):716-725.(in Chinese))DOI:10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2016.05.009.
[17]申冠卿,张原峰,刘晓燕.小浪底水库拦沙期黄河引水对河道泥沙输移影响机理探讨[J].水利发电学报,2014,33(6):136-141.(SHEN G Q,ZHANG Y F,LIU X Y.Discussion on the mechanism of the influence of the Yellow River diversion on the sediment transport in the channel of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2014,33(6):136-141.(in Chinese))
[18]王远见,谢蔚,王婷,等.小浪底水库库区支流拦门沙形成的主因分析[J].泥沙研究,2016(6):51-58.(WANG Y J,XIE W,WANG T,et al.Analysis of the main cause of the formation of the tributaries of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir area[J].Soil Research,2016,(6):51-58.(in Chinese))DOI:10.16239/j.cnki.0468-155x.2016.06.009.
[19]张翔宇,董增川,马红亮.基于改进多目标遗传算法的小浪底水库优化调度研究[J].水电能源科学,2017,35(1):65-68.(ZHANG X Y,DONG Z C,MA H L.Research on optimal dispatching of Xiaolangdi Reservoir based on improved multi-objective genetic algorithm[J].Water Resources and Power,2017,35(1):65-68.(in Chinese))
[20]李昆鹏,马怀宝,郜国明,等.黄河汛前调水调沙小浪底水库减淤影响因素分析[J].中国农村水利水电,2015,(4):73-76,81.(LI K P,MA H B,GAO G M,et al.Analysis of factors affecting siltation reduction in the Xiaolangdi Reservoir of the Yellow River before the Yellow River[J].China Rural Water and Hydropower,2015,(4):73-76,81.(in Chinese))
[21]孙赞营,李勇,王开荣,等.1946年以来黄河下游泥沙治理研究的主要进展[J].泥沙研究,2017,42(1):73-80.(SUN Z Y,LI Y,WANG K R,et al.Major progress in sediment control research in the lower Yellow River since 1946[J].Journal of Sediment Research,2017,42(1):73-80.(in Chinese))DOI:10.16239/j.cnki.0468-155x.2017.01.012.
[22]翟家瑞.西霞院水库汛期的优化调度[J].人民黄河,2011,33(7):1-2.(ZHAI J R.Optimized dispatching of Xixiayuan Reservoir in flood season[J].Yellow River,2011,33(7):1-2.(in Chinese))DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1379.2011.07.001.
[23]李庆国,安催花,付健,等.西霞院水库运用方案分析[J].人民黄河,2012,34(8):30-32.(LI Q G,AN C H,FU J,et al.Analysis of the application plan of Xixiayuan Reservoir[J].People′s Yellow River,2012,34(8):30-32.(in Chinese))DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1379.2012.08.010.
[24]刘树君.小浪底与西霞院水库联合优化调度[J].人民黄河,2013,35(2):83-85.(LIU S J.Joint optimal dispatching of Xiaolangdi and Xixiayuan Reservoir[J].Yellow River,2013,35(2):83-85.(in Chinese))DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1379.2013.02.030.
[25]张俊华,李涛,马怀宝.小浪底水库调水调沙研究新进展[J].泥沙研究,2016,(2):68-75.(ZHANG J H,LI T,MA H B.New progress in water and sediment adjustment research of Xiaolangdi Reservoir[J].Journal of Sediment Research,2016,(2):68-75.(in Chinese))DOI:10.16239/j.cnki.0468-155x.2016.02.012.