油菜与蚕豆间作模式对油菜菌核病危害及产量的影响
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摘要
通过两年定点试验,研究了油菜与蚕豆间作不同行比处理对油菜菌核病发病情况、主要经济性状和产量的影响。结果表明:与油菜单一种植模式相比,油菜与蚕豆间作使油菜菌核病病情指数及发病率降低,油菜与蚕豆总产量及经济效益提高。其中,油菜与蚕豆2:2行比处理的油菜菌核病发病最轻,两年发病率分别为9.16%和11.90%,病情指数分别为5.90和7.14,总产量及经济效益最高,两年平均分别为2 641.1 kg/hm~2和12 546.6元人民币/hm~2;其次是3:3行比。
The effects of rape and faba bean intercropping on the occurrence of Sclerotinia stem rot, main economic characters and yield of rape were studied through two years' fixed-point experiment. The results showed that compared with single cropping of rape, rape and faba bean intercropping reduced the disease index and incidence of Sclerotinia stem rot,and increased the total yield and economic benefit of rape and faba bean. The Sclerotinia stem rot incidence of rape and faba bean row ratio 2 : 2 treatment was the lowest, the two-year incidence was 9. 16% and 11.90% respectively,and the disease index was 5. 90 and 7.14 respectively. The total yield and economic benefit were the highest,with a two-year average of 2 641. 1 kg/hm~2 and 12 546. 6 yuan/hm~2 respectively. The following was rape and faba bean row ratio 3: 3 treatment.
The effects of rape and faba bean intercropping on the occurrence of Sclerotinia stem rot, main economic characters and yield of rape were studied through two years' fixed-point experiment. The results showed that compared with single cropping of rape, rape and faba bean intercropping reduced the disease index and incidence of Sclerotinia stem rot,and increased the total yield and economic benefit of rape and faba bean. The Sclerotinia stem rot incidence of rape and faba bean row ratio 2 : 2 treatment was the lowest, the two-year incidence was 9. 16% and 11.90% respectively,and the disease index was 5. 90 and 7.14 respectively. The total yield and economic benefit were the highest,with a two-year average of 2 641. 1 kg/hm~2 and 12 546. 6 yuan/hm~2 respectively. The following was rape and faba bean row ratio 3: 3 treatment.
引文
[1]郭学兰,江木兰,胡小加.油菜菌核病分子诊断的初步研究[J].中国油料作物学报,2003,25(3):66-68.
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[3]ZHAO J W MENG J L.Genetic analysis of loci associated with partial resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)[J].Theoretical and Applied Genetics,2003,106(4):759-764.
[4]左叶信,秦虎强,聂峰杰,等.陕西省油菜菌核病调查初报[J].植物保护,2011,37(2):116-119.
[5]黄华磊,石有明,周燕,等.重庆市油菜病害发生与防治现状研究[J].南方农业,2010(1):75-77.
[6]刘正立,刘春林.甘蓝型油菜抗菌核病研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(15):114-123.
[7]张信扬,彭连英.油菜菌核病发生规律研究[J].云南农业大学学报,2000,15(3):289-290.
[8]傅寿仲,张洁夫,戚存扣,等.甘蓝型油菜无花瓣矮秆新种质APL03的选育[J].植物遗传资源学报,2006,7(4):468-470.
[9]陈玉卿,张洁夫,吕忠进.甘蓝型无花瓣油菜对菌核病抗(耐)性研究[J].江苏农业科学,1991(6):10-13.
[10]汪雷,刘瑶,丁一娟,等.油菜菌核病研究进展[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2015,43(10):1-9.
[11]DEL R L,BRADLEY C A,HENSON R A,et al.Impact of Sclerotinia stem rot on yield of canola[J].Plant Disease,2007,91(2):191-194.
[12]KOCH S,DUNKER S,KLEINHENZ B,et al.A crop loss-related forecasting model for Sclerotinia stem rot in winter oilseed rape[J].Phytopathology,2007,97(9):1186-1194.
[13]SIEBOLD M,TIEDEMANN A V.Potential effects of global warming on oilseed rape pathogens in Northern Germany[J].Fungal Ecology,2012,5(1):62-72.
[14]谷维.油菜菌核病的发生原因及综合防治对策[J].黑龙江农业科学,2008(5):75-77.
[15]高雪,唐凯健,王利华,等.我国油菜菌核病综合治理研究进展[J].中国植保导刊,2009,29(6):15-18.
[16]王述民,李立会,黎裕,等.中国粮食和农业植物遗传资源状况报告(Ⅰ)[J].植物遗传资源学报,2011,12(1):1-12.
[17]朱有勇,何霞红,陈建斌,等.玉米马铃薯多样性种植控制玉米大、小斑病的方法[P].云南:CN1608422,2005-04-27.
[18]杜成章,陈红,李艳花,等.蚕豆马铃薯间作种植对蚕豆赤斑病的防控效果[J].植物保护,2013,39(2):180-183.
[19]董艳,董坤,杨智仙,等.肉桂酸对蚕豆枯萎病发生的影响及间作缓解机制[J].土壤学报,2017,54(2):503-515.
[20]孙超才.甘蓝型油菜(Brassica napus L.)抗菌核病性(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum)鉴定方法的比较[J].上海农业学报,1995,11(3):17-22.
[21]费维新,李强生,吴新杰,等.利用栽培措施控制油菜菌核病的研究[J].中国油料作物学报,2002,24(3):47-49.
[2]BOLTON M D,THOMMA B P,NELSON B D.Sclerotinia sclerotiorum(Lib.)de Bary:Biology and molecular traits of a cosmopolitan pathogen[J].Molecular Plant Pathology,2006,7(1):1-16.
[3]ZHAO J W MENG J L.Genetic analysis of loci associated with partial resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)[J].Theoretical and Applied Genetics,2003,106(4):759-764.
[4]左叶信,秦虎强,聂峰杰,等.陕西省油菜菌核病调查初报[J].植物保护,2011,37(2):116-119.
[5]黄华磊,石有明,周燕,等.重庆市油菜病害发生与防治现状研究[J].南方农业,2010(1):75-77.
[6]刘正立,刘春林.甘蓝型油菜抗菌核病研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(15):114-123.
[7]张信扬,彭连英.油菜菌核病发生规律研究[J].云南农业大学学报,2000,15(3):289-290.
[8]傅寿仲,张洁夫,戚存扣,等.甘蓝型油菜无花瓣矮秆新种质APL03的选育[J].植物遗传资源学报,2006,7(4):468-470.
[9]陈玉卿,张洁夫,吕忠进.甘蓝型无花瓣油菜对菌核病抗(耐)性研究[J].江苏农业科学,1991(6):10-13.
[10]汪雷,刘瑶,丁一娟,等.油菜菌核病研究进展[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2015,43(10):1-9.
[11]DEL R L,BRADLEY C A,HENSON R A,et al.Impact of Sclerotinia stem rot on yield of canola[J].Plant Disease,2007,91(2):191-194.
[12]KOCH S,DUNKER S,KLEINHENZ B,et al.A crop loss-related forecasting model for Sclerotinia stem rot in winter oilseed rape[J].Phytopathology,2007,97(9):1186-1194.
[13]SIEBOLD M,TIEDEMANN A V.Potential effects of global warming on oilseed rape pathogens in Northern Germany[J].Fungal Ecology,2012,5(1):62-72.
[14]谷维.油菜菌核病的发生原因及综合防治对策[J].黑龙江农业科学,2008(5):75-77.
[15]高雪,唐凯健,王利华,等.我国油菜菌核病综合治理研究进展[J].中国植保导刊,2009,29(6):15-18.
[16]王述民,李立会,黎裕,等.中国粮食和农业植物遗传资源状况报告(Ⅰ)[J].植物遗传资源学报,2011,12(1):1-12.
[17]朱有勇,何霞红,陈建斌,等.玉米马铃薯多样性种植控制玉米大、小斑病的方法[P].云南:CN1608422,2005-04-27.
[18]杜成章,陈红,李艳花,等.蚕豆马铃薯间作种植对蚕豆赤斑病的防控效果[J].植物保护,2013,39(2):180-183.
[19]董艳,董坤,杨智仙,等.肉桂酸对蚕豆枯萎病发生的影响及间作缓解机制[J].土壤学报,2017,54(2):503-515.
[20]孙超才.甘蓝型油菜(Brassica napus L.)抗菌核病性(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum)鉴定方法的比较[J].上海农业学报,1995,11(3):17-22.
[21]费维新,李强生,吴新杰,等.利用栽培措施控制油菜菌核病的研究[J].中国油料作物学报,2002,24(3):47-49.