心理意识真实性的事件相关同步研究
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摘要
为揭示"说谎"与"说真话"时脑电信号的差异,该文对测谎实验中自发脑电信号的事件相关同步(ERS)进行了深入研究。分别对脑电的delta、theta节律的事件相关同步进行了详细分析,发现delta和theta节律的ERS可以反映说谎相关的心理状态,其中delta节律的ERS与P300高度相关,而theta节律的ERS效应与经典的P300效应尽管在时间上有一定的重叠,但具有不同的头皮分布特性。通过对比Fz、Cz和Pz3个电极的主效应,发现theta同步的最大主效应位于前额中线的Fz电极,而P300的最大主效应在枕区中线的Pz电极。这说明theta节律的ERS与P300成分可能从不同角度反映了说谎心理的认知加工过程。
In order to reveal the electroencephalogram(EEG) differences between truth and lying, the event related synchronization(ERS) is deeply studied for spontaneous EEG during the lying detection experiment. The ERS corresponding to delta and theta rhythm of EEG is analyzed in detail. The results indicate that ERS corresponding to delta and theta rhythm can reflect the deception-related psychological states. The delta synchronization is strongly related with P300. The theta synchronization effect overlaps with the ERPs effect, but ERPs and the synchronization effects have different scalp distribution character. The results show that the theta synchronization effect is strongest in Fz electrode and the ERPs effect is maximal on Pz electrode. This evidence implies that ERS corresponding to theta rhythm and P300 might reflect the deception-related cognitive psychological process from different aspects.
In order to reveal the electroencephalogram(EEG) differences between truth and lying, the event related synchronization(ERS) is deeply studied for spontaneous EEG during the lying detection experiment. The ERS corresponding to delta and theta rhythm of EEG is analyzed in detail. The results indicate that ERS corresponding to delta and theta rhythm can reflect the deception-related psychological states. The delta synchronization is strongly related with P300. The theta synchronization effect overlaps with the ERPs effect, but ERPs and the synchronization effects have different scalp distribution character. The results show that the theta synchronization effect is strongest in Fz electrode and the ERPs effect is maximal on Pz electrode. This evidence implies that ERS corresponding to theta rhythm and P300 might reflect the deception-related cognitive psychological process from different aspects.
引文
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[2]MEIJER E H,SELLE N K,ELBER L,et al.Memory detection with the concealed information test:A meta analysis of skin conductance,respiration,heart rate,and P300 data[J].Psychophysiology,2014,51(9):879-904.
[3]MEIXNER J B,ROSENFELD J P.Detecting knowledge of incidentally acquired,real-world memories using a P300-based concealed-information test[J].Psychological Science,2014,25(11):1994-2005.
[4]ROSENFELD J P,HU X Q,LABKOVSKY E,et al.Review of recent studies and issues regarding the P300-based complex trial protocol for detection of concealed information[J].International Journal of Psychophysiology,2013,90(2):118-134.
[5]PFURTSCHELLER G,SILVA F H L.Event-related EEG/MEG synchronization and desynchronization:Basic principles[J].Clinical Neurophysiology,1999,110(11):1842-1857.
[6]SUCHOTZKI K,CROMBEZ G,SMULDERS F,et al.The cognitive mechanisms underlying deception:An eventrelated potential study[J].International Journal of Psychophysiology,2015,95(3):395-405.
[7]KLIMESCH W,DOPPELMAYR M,SCHWAIGER J,et al.Theta oscillations and the ERP old/new effect:Independent phenomena?[J].Clinical Neurophysiology,2000,111(5):781-793.
[8]BUZSAKI G,MOSER E I.Memory,navigation and theta rhythm in the hippocampal-entorhinal system[J].Nature Neuroscience,2013,16(2):130-138.
[9]HU X,PORNPATTANANANGKUL N,NUSSLOCK R.Executive control-andreward-related neural processes associated with the opportunity to engage involuntary involuntary dishonest moral decision making[J].Cognitive Affective&Behavioral Neuroscience,2015,15(2):475-491.
[10]MATSUDAA I,NITTONOB H,ALLEN J J B.Detection of concealed information by P3 and frontal EEGasymmetry[J].Neuroscience Letters,2013,537(6):55-59.
[11]BERGSTROM Z M,ANDERSON M C,BUDA M,et al.Intentional retrieval suppression can conceal guilty knowledge in ERP memory detectiontests[J].Biological Psychology,2013,94(1):1-11.
[12]KALCHER J,PFURTSCHELLER G.Discrimination between phase-locked and non-phase locked event-related EEG activity[J].Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology,1995,94(5):381-384.
[13]KLIMESCH W,RUSSEGGER H,DOPPELMAYR M,et al.A method for the calculation of induced band power:Implications for the significance of brain oscillations[J].Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology,1998,108(2):123-130.
[14]KAWASAKI M,KITAJO K,YAMAGUCHI Y.Fronto-parietal and fronto-temporal theta phase synchronization for visual and auditory-verbal working memory[J].Acta Chirurgica Hungarica,2014,5(36):200-208.