2018年全国蜚蠊监测报告
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摘要
目的了解我国人居及周边环境蜚蠊的常见种类、密度和季节消长情况,比较分析粘捕法和目测法2种蜚蠊监测方法的监测结果,为蜚蠊防控提供科学依据。方法收集整理2018年我国病媒生物监测国家级监测点蜚蠊数据,比较不同种类、不同生境、不同省份蜚蠊密度差异及季节消长规律。结果 2018年粘捕法监测的蜚蠊粘捕率为6.70%,捕获的蜚蠊中,德国小蠊占绝对优势,占捕获总数的94.81%,美洲大蠊占2.11%,其他蜚蠊占3.08%。目测法密度监测,蜚蠊成若虫侵害率为3.58%,其中大蠊的侵害率为1.13%,小蠊的侵害率为2.71%。结论我国人居及周边环境中德国小蠊为绝对优势种;粘捕法蜚蠊粘捕率高于目测法成若虫侵害率,目测法对于大蠊密度监测更加敏感。监测结果提示需要重视农贸市场和餐饮业的蜚蠊监测控制工作。
Objective To investigate the common species, population density, and seasonal variation of cockroaches in residential areas and surroundings in China and the surveillance results of cockroaches based on the sticky trap method versus visual observation, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of cockroaches infestations.Methods The cockroach surveillance data were collected from national surveillance sites of the National Vectors Surveillance in China in 2018. The population density was compared between different species or cockroaches in different habitats or provinces, and its seasonal variation was analyzed. Results The cockroach infestation rate monitored by the sticky trap method was 6.70%, and among the predominant cockroaches, Blattella germanica was the predominant species and accounted for 94.81%, Periplaneta americana accounted for 2.11%, and other cockroaches accounted for 3.08%. The cockroach infestation rate was 3.58% according to visual observation, with 1.13% for Periplaneta and 2.71% for Blattella.Conclusion Blattella germanica is the dominant species in human habitats and surroundings in China. The cockroach infestation rate monitored by the sticky trap method is higher than that monitored by visual inspection, and visual inspection is more sensitive to the density surveillance of Periplaneta. The surveillance results suggest that surveillance and control of cockroaches shouldbestrengthened inopenmarkets andrestaurants.
Objective To investigate the common species, population density, and seasonal variation of cockroaches in residential areas and surroundings in China and the surveillance results of cockroaches based on the sticky trap method versus visual observation, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of cockroaches infestations.Methods The cockroach surveillance data were collected from national surveillance sites of the National Vectors Surveillance in China in 2018. The population density was compared between different species or cockroaches in different habitats or provinces, and its seasonal variation was analyzed. Results The cockroach infestation rate monitored by the sticky trap method was 6.70%, and among the predominant cockroaches, Blattella germanica was the predominant species and accounted for 94.81%, Periplaneta americana accounted for 2.11%, and other cockroaches accounted for 3.08%. The cockroach infestation rate was 3.58% according to visual observation, with 1.13% for Periplaneta and 2.71% for Blattella.Conclusion Blattella germanica is the dominant species in human habitats and surroundings in China. The cockroach infestation rate monitored by the sticky trap method is higher than that monitored by visual inspection, and visual inspection is more sensitive to the density surveillance of Periplaneta. The surveillance results suggest that surveillance and control of cockroaches shouldbestrengthened inopenmarkets andrestaurants.
引文
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[3]吴海霞,鲁亮,孟凤霞,等.2006-2015年我国蜚蠊监测报告[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2018,29(2):113-119.DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2018.02.001.
[4]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 27773-2011病媒生物密度控制水平蜚蠊[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2012.
[5]潘国绍,陈理,何学军,等.3种蟑螂密度监测方法与效果分析对比试验[J].中华卫生杀虫药械,2004,10(3):149-150.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1671-2781.2004.03.004.
[6]刘小闪.铁路旅客列车德国小蠊密度监测方法的调查研究[J].铁路节能环保与安全卫生,2014,4(1):37-39.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1671.2014.01.011.
[7]徐仁权,任文军,陈仁潮,等.3种蜚蠊密度检查方法比较试验[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2010,21(1):36-38.
[2]中国疾病预防控制中心.全国病媒生物监测实施方案[Z].中疾控传防发[2016]56号.
[3]吴海霞,鲁亮,孟凤霞,等.2006-2015年我国蜚蠊监测报告[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2018,29(2):113-119.DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2018.02.001.
[4]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 27773-2011病媒生物密度控制水平蜚蠊[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2012.
[5]潘国绍,陈理,何学军,等.3种蟑螂密度监测方法与效果分析对比试验[J].中华卫生杀虫药械,2004,10(3):149-150.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1671-2781.2004.03.004.
[6]刘小闪.铁路旅客列车德国小蠊密度监测方法的调查研究[J].铁路节能环保与安全卫生,2014,4(1):37-39.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1671.2014.01.011.
[7]徐仁权,任文军,陈仁潮,等.3种蜚蠊密度检查方法比较试验[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2010,21(1):36-38.