非正式跨学科融合:大学生创新创业团队范式探析
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摘要
大学生创新创业团队作为非正式跨学科融合平台日益成为协同创新的重要途径。其专业异质性、知识整合性、素质结构互补性等团队特性为跨学科融合提供了逻辑起点。当前大学生创新创业团队在跨学科实践中存在后续动力不足、主体能力局限、目标愿景缺失以及成果转化困难等阻碍因素。基于自组织理论视角,从"开放性""不平衡性""非线性""涨落性"四个自组织特征构建大学生创新创业团队的动力机制、培育机制、目标机制以及孵化机制是解决困境的有效之举。
As an informal interdisciplinary integration platform,the innovation and entrepreneurship teams formed by college students play a role of collaborative innovation.Characterized by disciplinary heterogeneity,knowledge integration and qualification complementarity,these teams provide a logical starting point for interdisciplinary integration.However,there are still obstacles such as lack of continuous motivation,limited ability,loss of visionary target,and difficulties in achievement transformation in the interdisciplinary integration practice.Based on the four traits of self-organization,i.e.openness,unbalance,non-linearity and fluctuation,we can set up the driving mechanism,cultivation mechanism,target mechanism and incubation mechanism for college students' innovation and entrepreneurship teams,and thus find an effective solution to the dilemmas mentioned.
As an informal interdisciplinary integration platform,the innovation and entrepreneurship teams formed by college students play a role of collaborative innovation.Characterized by disciplinary heterogeneity,knowledge integration and qualification complementarity,these teams provide a logical starting point for interdisciplinary integration.However,there are still obstacles such as lack of continuous motivation,limited ability,loss of visionary target,and difficulties in achievement transformation in the interdisciplinary integration practice.Based on the four traits of self-organization,i.e.openness,unbalance,non-linearity and fluctuation,we can set up the driving mechanism,cultivation mechanism,target mechanism and incubation mechanism for college students' innovation and entrepreneurship teams,and thus find an effective solution to the dilemmas mentioned.
引文
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[17]王晓晔.大学生创业团队建设探究[J].教育与职业,2013(15):106-108.
[18]周跃进,郝巳玥,张连敏.自组织团队特征分析[J].管理学报,2010,7(8):1159-1164+1170.
[19]熊毅.高校创新创业成果精准转化路径[J].开放导报,2018(2):83-85.
[2]吴洁.高校创新性科研团队知识转移的行为特征与模式研究[EB/OL].[2010-10-18].http://www.nies.net.cn/ky/qgjyghkt/cgbg/jyjjygl/201203/t20120319_302555.html.
[3]Ketchen D,Ireland R,Snow C.Strategic Entrepreneurship,Collaborative Innovation,And Wealth Creation[J].StrategicEntrepreneurship Journal,2007(1):371-385.
[4]黄淑芳.基于跨学科合作的团队异质性与高校原始性创新绩效的关系研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2016.
[5]周朝成,李敏.大学跨学科研究组织的内涵、特征与管理模式探析[J].复旦教育论坛,2013,11(3):64-69.
[6]王晓红,金子祺,姜华.跨学科团队的知识创新及其演化特征———基于创新单元和创新个体的双重视角[J].科学学研究,2013,31(5):732-741.
[7]邓凯,路超.工科类研究生创业终止原因及对策研究———以电子科技大学为例[J].创新与创业教育,2017,8(4):95-98.
[8]王雪佳,罗国锋,李亦舒.企业成长理论对创新创业教育的启示[J].创新与创业教育,2016,7(5):55-58.
[9]柳洲,陈士俊.当前高校科技创新团队建设的主要问题与对策[J].软科学,2007(3):112-116.
[10]刘金松,帅相志.高校科技创新成果转化存在的问题与解决对策[J].当代教育科学,2015(3):52-55.
[11]G.Nicolis,I.Prigogine.Self-organization in Non-e-qui-librium Systems[M].New York:Wiley,1985.
[12]苏娜,陈士俊.基于自组织理论的科研团队成长机制研究[J].科技管理研究,2009,29(2):231-233.
[13]张宝生,张庆普.基于耗散结构理论的跨学科科研团队知识整合机理研究[J].科技进步与对策,2014,31(21):132-136.
[14]赵建国,王学梅,李笑春.大学生跨年级创新创业团队组建探析[J].创新与创业教育,2016,7(3):136-137+145
[15]马力晖,何冬丽.论高校跨学科创新团队建设[J].当代教育理论与实践,2014,6(1):14-16.
[16]湛垦华,沈小峰.普利高津与耗散结构理论[M].西安:陕西科学技术出版社,1998.
[17]王晓晔.大学生创业团队建设探究[J].教育与职业,2013(15):106-108.
[18]周跃进,郝巳玥,张连敏.自组织团队特征分析[J].管理学报,2010,7(8):1159-1164+1170.
[19]熊毅.高校创新创业成果精准转化路径[J].开放导报,2018(2):83-85.