基于多普勒雷达垂直风廓线产品的风暴相对螺旋度对山西暴雨的诊断
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摘要
介绍了风暴相对螺旋度(SRH)的原理及基于多普勒天气雷达垂直风廓线(VWP)产品计算螺旋度的方法,探讨了不同时间分辨率对螺旋度应用效果的影响,最后重点对山西2个典型夏季暴雨个例分别做螺旋度诊断分析。结果表明:利用VWP产品计算的SRH具有较好的时间分辨率,可用于山西夏季暴雨的短时临近预报研究,相较于15 min和30 min,1 h分辨率的螺旋度数据稳定、曲线平滑,更有利于直观分析和业务化;螺旋度强弱变化趋势与降水大小的变化趋势比较吻合,螺旋度变化一般提前于降水变化,有1~2 h的提前预报量,可以作为短时(临近)预报降水开始、维持、结束的一个有效预报因子。
In this article,the storm relative helicity( SRH) and a method of calculating SRH based on doppler radar vertical wind profile( VWP) had been introduced,the application effect of SRH in different time resolution had been discussed,and diagnostic analysis of two typical summer rainstorms in Shanxi had been emphasized. The main conclusions are as follows: SRH calculated by VWP had better time resolution and could be used for forecast of summer rainstorms in Shanxi. Compared with the 15 min and 30 min time scale, the helicity of one hour resolution had stable data and smooth curve and was more suitable for visual analysis and operability. The variation of the helicity intensity was almost consistent with the rainfall,and variation of the helicity was commonly ahead of the rainfall change by one to two hours,which could be a good indicator for nowcast of the beginning,maintain,and the end of rainfall.
In this article,the storm relative helicity( SRH) and a method of calculating SRH based on doppler radar vertical wind profile( VWP) had been introduced,the application effect of SRH in different time resolution had been discussed,and diagnostic analysis of two typical summer rainstorms in Shanxi had been emphasized. The main conclusions are as follows: SRH calculated by VWP had better time resolution and could be used for forecast of summer rainstorms in Shanxi. Compared with the 15 min and 30 min time scale, the helicity of one hour resolution had stable data and smooth curve and was more suitable for visual analysis and operability. The variation of the helicity intensity was almost consistent with the rainfall,and variation of the helicity was commonly ahead of the rainfall change by one to two hours,which could be a good indicator for nowcast of the beginning,maintain,and the end of rainfall.
引文
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[15]程鹏,王宝鉴,孔祥伟,等.河西走廊一次强沙尘暴天气的螺旋度诊断[J].干旱气象,2013,31(1):144-149.
[16]孙兰东,徐建芬.西北地区东部三次暴雨天气的螺旋度分析[J].干旱气象,2000,18(4):20-22.
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[18]杨庆红,彭九慧,刘园园.一次强对流天气的大气物理量及雷达回波特征分析[J].干旱气象,2010,28(3):322-326.
[19]马鸿青,丁治英.河北中南部一次大暴雨个例的成因诊断[J].干旱气象,2009,27(3):254-262.
[20]牛广山,李俊杰,李秋元,等.一次豫北春季强对流暴雨过程的螺旋度分析[J].气象与环境科学,2010,33(1):40-47.
[21]朱平,田成娟.青海东部一次强对流天气的多普勒雷达特征分析[J].干旱气象,2011,29(3):336-341.
[22]吴爱敏.雷暴天气的多普勒雷达VWP资料特征分析[J].干旱气象,2009,27(2):177-180.
[23]岳彩军,郭煜,寿绍文,等.螺旋度在我国多种灾害性天气研究中的应用进展[J].暴雨灾害,2011,30(2):107-116.
[24]王存亮,魏勇,彭军,等.新疆天山北坡中部一次强对流天气的多普勒雷达特征[J].干旱气象,2013,31(2):354-360.
[2]Lilly D K.The structure,energetics and propagation of rotating convective storms.Part II:Helicity and storm stablization[J].J Atomos Sci,1986,43(2):126-140.
[3]Woodall G R.Qualitative forecasting of tornadic activity using storm-relative environmental helicity[A].Preprint,16th Conference on Severe Local Storm[C].Boston,1990.311-315.
[4]李耀东,刘健文,高守亭.螺旋度在对流天气预报中的应用研究进展[J].气象科技,2005,33(1):7-9.
[5]郑峰.螺旋度及其在天气诊断分析中应用研究的进展[J].贵州气象,2005,29(2):3-5.
[6]高守亭,周菲凡.基于螺旋度的中尺度平衡方程及非平衡流诊断方法[J].大气科学,2006,30(5):854-862.
[7]余贞寿,倪东鸿,闵锦忠.超强台风/圣帕(0709)特大暴雨过程的完全螺旋度分析[J].南京气象学院学报,2009,32(1):45-53.
[8]李安泰,何宏让,洋相融.甘肃东南部一次暴雨天气的数值模拟和螺旋度分析[J].干旱气象,2010,28(3):309-314.
[9]刘家峻,刘睿卉,李荔珊,等.一次海南大暴雨过程的能量及螺旋度分布特征[J].气象与环境科学,2011,34(1):36-41.
[10]石燕茹,寿绍文,王丽荣,等.风暴相对螺旋度与强对流天气类型的关系分析[J].气象与环境学报,2011,27(1):65-71.
[11]鲁坦.2011-06-23豫南暴雨成因及完全螺旋度诊断分析[J].气象与环境科学,2012,35(2):49-54.
[12]王丽荣,胡志群,匡顺四.应用雷达产品计算风暴相对螺旋度[J].气象,2006,32(4):45-51.
[13]徐芬,夏文梅,胡志群,等.多普勒天气雷达风场产品在螺旋度计算中的应用[J].气象科学,2007,27(5):495-500.
[14]夏文梅,陈楠,程婷,等.降水过程中多普勒天气雷达风廓线产品特征[J].气象,2008,34(10):22-26.
[15]程鹏,王宝鉴,孔祥伟,等.河西走廊一次强沙尘暴天气的螺旋度诊断[J].干旱气象,2013,31(1):144-149.
[16]孙兰东,徐建芬.西北地区东部三次暴雨天气的螺旋度分析[J].干旱气象,2000,18(4):20-22.
[17]冉令坤,楚艳丽.强降水过程中垂直螺旋度和散度通量及其拓展形式的诊断分析[J].物理学报,2009,58(11):8094-8106.
[18]杨庆红,彭九慧,刘园园.一次强对流天气的大气物理量及雷达回波特征分析[J].干旱气象,2010,28(3):322-326.
[19]马鸿青,丁治英.河北中南部一次大暴雨个例的成因诊断[J].干旱气象,2009,27(3):254-262.
[20]牛广山,李俊杰,李秋元,等.一次豫北春季强对流暴雨过程的螺旋度分析[J].气象与环境科学,2010,33(1):40-47.
[21]朱平,田成娟.青海东部一次强对流天气的多普勒雷达特征分析[J].干旱气象,2011,29(3):336-341.
[22]吴爱敏.雷暴天气的多普勒雷达VWP资料特征分析[J].干旱气象,2009,27(2):177-180.
[23]岳彩军,郭煜,寿绍文,等.螺旋度在我国多种灾害性天气研究中的应用进展[J].暴雨灾害,2011,30(2):107-116.
[24]王存亮,魏勇,彭军,等.新疆天山北坡中部一次强对流天气的多普勒雷达特征[J].干旱气象,2013,31(2):354-360.