输电铁塔螺栓节点连接滑移特性及模型参数研究
|
摘要
完成了21组输电铁塔螺栓连接试件的拉伸试验,采用ABAQUS软件对典型试件进行了有限元仿真分析,研究了初始间隙、螺栓扭矩、接触面粗糙程度、螺栓孔直径和连接杆件强度等参数对螺栓节点荷载-变形曲线的影响规律。分别按照指数模型和改进的分段多项式模型,对固定端螺栓数量为1、2和3的荷载-变形试验曲线进行了非线性拟合,确定了两种模型的拟合参数取值,分析了两种模型在输电铁塔结构分析中应用的可行性,推荐采用物理意义明确、适用范围更广的指数模型。对于最大间隙、理想间隙和最小间隙三种情况,指数模型得到的荷载-变形拟合曲线与试验曲线吻合较好,能够准确描述螺栓连接滑移过程;最小间隙工况的拟合曲线与试验曲线在线性增加段误差相对较大,最大相对差值范围约为10%~20%。
Tension tests of twenty-one bolted joint samples in transmission towers were carried out. Finite element simulation analyses on some typical bolted joint samples were completed by ABAQUS software. Effect rules of some parameters on the load-deformation curves of bolted connections were analyzed. The main parameters include initial slippage, installation torque, roughness of contact surfaces, bolt-hole diameter and strength of the connected members. Based on the exponential model and the enhanced piecewise polynomial model respectively, nonlinear fitting analysis on the experimental load-deformation curves of bolted joints with one, two and three bolts at the fixed ends were carried out. The fitting parameters for two types of slippage models of bolted joints were determined, respectively. The feasibility of two slippage models of bolted joints for structural analysis of transmission towers was evaluated. The exponential model with clear physical meaning and large applicable range was proposed for structural analysis of transmission towers. For three cases of the maximum slippage, the idealized slippage and the minimum slippage, the fitting load-deformation curves based on the exponential model agree well with the experimental curves, and moreover, the slip process of the bolted connections can be accurately described by the exponential model. For the minimum slippage case, the difference between the fitting curve and the experimental curve in the linear increasing interval is relatively high, and the maximum is in the range between 10% and 20%.
Tension tests of twenty-one bolted joint samples in transmission towers were carried out. Finite element simulation analyses on some typical bolted joint samples were completed by ABAQUS software. Effect rules of some parameters on the load-deformation curves of bolted connections were analyzed. The main parameters include initial slippage, installation torque, roughness of contact surfaces, bolt-hole diameter and strength of the connected members. Based on the exponential model and the enhanced piecewise polynomial model respectively, nonlinear fitting analysis on the experimental load-deformation curves of bolted joints with one, two and three bolts at the fixed ends were carried out. The fitting parameters for two types of slippage models of bolted joints were determined, respectively. The feasibility of two slippage models of bolted joints for structural analysis of transmission towers was evaluated. The exponential model with clear physical meaning and large applicable range was proposed for structural analysis of transmission towers. For three cases of the maximum slippage, the idealized slippage and the minimum slippage, the fitting load-deformation curves based on the exponential model agree well with the experimental curves, and moreover, the slip process of the bolted connections can be accurately described by the exponential model. For the minimum slippage case, the difference between the fitting curve and the experimental curve in the linear increasing interval is relatively high, and the maximum is in the range between 10% and 20%.
引文
[1]Jiang W Q,Wang Z Q,Mc Clure G,et al.Accurate modeling of joint effects in lattice transmission towers[J].Engineering Structures,2011,33(5):1817―1827.
[2]GB 50389-2006,750 k V架空送电线路施工及验收规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2007.GB 50389-2006,Code for construction and acceptance of 750 k V overhead transmission lines[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,2007.(in Chinese)
[3]冯德奎,舒爱强,包永忠.特高压输电塔曲臂变形分析[J].电力建设,2010,31(5):13―16.Feng Dekui,Shu Aiqiang,Bao Yongzhong.Analysis on deformation of bent arm of UHV transmission tower[J].Electric Power Construction,2010,31(5):13―16.(in Chinese)
[4]李强,吴庆华,徐志军.输电铁塔K节点变形的数理统计分析[J].华中科技大学学报(城市科学版),2010,27(1):89―92.Li Qiang,Wu Qinghua,Xu Zhijun.Analysis on K nodes’deformation of the electricity transmission tower with mathematical statistics method[J].Journal of HUST.(Urban Science Edition),2010,27(1):89―92.(in Chinese)
[5]Yang Fengli,Li Qinghua,Yang Jingbo,et al.Assessment on the stress state and the maintenance schemes of the transmission tower above goaf of coal mine[J].Engineering Failure Analysis,2013,31:236―247.
[6]Ahmed K I E,Rajapakse R K N D,Gadala M S.Influence of bolted-joint slippage on the response of transmission towers subjected to frost-heave[J].Advances in Structural Engineering,2009,12(1):1―17.
[7]孙冬明.采动区送电线路铁塔力学计算模型及塔—线体系共同作用机理研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2010.Sun Dongming.Study on mechanic model of transmission line steel tower and interaction mechanism of tower-line system located at mining area[D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology,2010.(in Chinese)
[8]高康,陈海波,王朋,等.螺栓滑移对非均匀沉降输电塔承载能力的影响初探[J].中国科学技术大学学报,2013,42(12):984―989.Gao Kang,Chen Haibo,Wang Peng,et al.Preliminary research of the effect of the bolt slippage on the bearing capacity of transmission towers with base unequal settlement[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology of China,2013,42(12):984―989.(in Chinese)
[9]王朋,陈海波,张会武,等.螺栓连接对基础非均匀沉降输电塔的影响研究[J].工程力学,2015,32(10):209―219.Wang Peng,Chen Haibo,Zhang Huiwu,et al.Effect of bolt joint on the behaviour of transmission tower with non-uniform settlement.Engineering Mechanics,2015,32(10):209―219.(in Chinese)
[10]Sophianopoulos D S.The effect of joint flexibility on the free elastic vibration characteristics of steel plane frames[J].Journal of Constructional Steel Research,2003,59(8):995―1008.
[11]Rao N Prasada,Mohan S J,Lakshmanan N.A semi empirical approach for estimating displacements and fundamental frequency of transmission line towers[J].International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics,2004,4(2):181―195.
[12]王朋,高康,黄伟东,等.螺栓滑移对格构式结构静动态特性的影响研究[J].固体力学学报,2013,33(增刊):211―215.Wang Peng,Gao Kang,Huang Weidong,et al.Effect of bolt slippage on the static and dynamic response of lattice structure[J].Chinese Journal of Solid Mechanics,2013,33(Suppl):211―215.(in Chinese)
[13]Jean-Yves Taillon,Frédéric Légeron,Simon Prud'homme.Variation of damping and stiffness of lattice towers with load level[J].Journal of Constructional Steel Research,2012,71:111―118.
[14]Nibong Ungkurppinan.A study of joint slip in galvanized bolted angle connections[D].Manitoba:University of Manitoba,2000.
[15]GB 50017-2003,钢结构设计规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2003.GB 50017-2003,Code for design of steel structures[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,2003.(in Chinese)
[16]徐建设,陈以一,韩琳,等.普通螺栓和承压型高强螺栓抗剪连接滑移过程[J].同济大学学报,2003,31(5):510―514.Xu Jianshe,Chen Yiyi,Han Lin,et al.Slip process analysis of regular bolt and bearing type high-tensile bolt shear connections[J].Journal of Tongji University,2003,31(5):510―514.(in Chinese)
[17]沈国辉,陈震,郭勇,等.螺栓节点板抗剪连接的有限元模拟方法研究[J].工程力学,2013,30(1):119―125.Shen Guohui,Chen Zhen,Guo Yong,et al.Finite element simulation methods applied to bolted gusset plates used as shear connectors[J].Engineering Mechanics,2013,30(1):119―125.(in Chinese)
[18]Kitipornchai S,AI-Bermani F G A,Peyrot A H,et al.Effect of bolt slippage on ultimate behavior of lattice structures[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,1994,120(8):2281―2287.
[19]Ungkurapinan N,Chandrakeerthy S R De S,Rajapakse R K N D,et al.Joint slip in steel electric transmission towers[J].Engineering Structures,2003,25(6):779―788.
[20]Cruz A,Sim?es R,Alves R.Slip factor in slip resistant joints with high strength steel[J].Journal of Constructional Steel Research,2012,70:280―288.
[21]樊雄伟,彭泉光.广西输电铁塔腐蚀防现状调查与防治建议[J].广西电力,2012,35(4):64―66.Fan Xiongwei,Peng Quanguang.Investigation and suggestion on corrosion of transmission tower in Guangxi[J].Guangxi Electric Power,2012,35(4):64―66.(in Chinese)
[22]江文强.构造节点的精细化模拟及其在输电铁塔结构分析中的应用[D].保定:华北电力大学,2011.Jiang Wenqiang.Accurate modeling of structural joint and its application in lattice transmission tower analysis[D].Baoding:North China Electric Power University,2011.(in Chinese)
[2]GB 50389-2006,750 k V架空送电线路施工及验收规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2007.GB 50389-2006,Code for construction and acceptance of 750 k V overhead transmission lines[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,2007.(in Chinese)
[3]冯德奎,舒爱强,包永忠.特高压输电塔曲臂变形分析[J].电力建设,2010,31(5):13―16.Feng Dekui,Shu Aiqiang,Bao Yongzhong.Analysis on deformation of bent arm of UHV transmission tower[J].Electric Power Construction,2010,31(5):13―16.(in Chinese)
[4]李强,吴庆华,徐志军.输电铁塔K节点变形的数理统计分析[J].华中科技大学学报(城市科学版),2010,27(1):89―92.Li Qiang,Wu Qinghua,Xu Zhijun.Analysis on K nodes’deformation of the electricity transmission tower with mathematical statistics method[J].Journal of HUST.(Urban Science Edition),2010,27(1):89―92.(in Chinese)
[5]Yang Fengli,Li Qinghua,Yang Jingbo,et al.Assessment on the stress state and the maintenance schemes of the transmission tower above goaf of coal mine[J].Engineering Failure Analysis,2013,31:236―247.
[6]Ahmed K I E,Rajapakse R K N D,Gadala M S.Influence of bolted-joint slippage on the response of transmission towers subjected to frost-heave[J].Advances in Structural Engineering,2009,12(1):1―17.
[7]孙冬明.采动区送电线路铁塔力学计算模型及塔—线体系共同作用机理研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2010.Sun Dongming.Study on mechanic model of transmission line steel tower and interaction mechanism of tower-line system located at mining area[D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology,2010.(in Chinese)
[8]高康,陈海波,王朋,等.螺栓滑移对非均匀沉降输电塔承载能力的影响初探[J].中国科学技术大学学报,2013,42(12):984―989.Gao Kang,Chen Haibo,Wang Peng,et al.Preliminary research of the effect of the bolt slippage on the bearing capacity of transmission towers with base unequal settlement[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology of China,2013,42(12):984―989.(in Chinese)
[9]王朋,陈海波,张会武,等.螺栓连接对基础非均匀沉降输电塔的影响研究[J].工程力学,2015,32(10):209―219.Wang Peng,Chen Haibo,Zhang Huiwu,et al.Effect of bolt joint on the behaviour of transmission tower with non-uniform settlement.Engineering Mechanics,2015,32(10):209―219.(in Chinese)
[10]Sophianopoulos D S.The effect of joint flexibility on the free elastic vibration characteristics of steel plane frames[J].Journal of Constructional Steel Research,2003,59(8):995―1008.
[11]Rao N Prasada,Mohan S J,Lakshmanan N.A semi empirical approach for estimating displacements and fundamental frequency of transmission line towers[J].International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics,2004,4(2):181―195.
[12]王朋,高康,黄伟东,等.螺栓滑移对格构式结构静动态特性的影响研究[J].固体力学学报,2013,33(增刊):211―215.Wang Peng,Gao Kang,Huang Weidong,et al.Effect of bolt slippage on the static and dynamic response of lattice structure[J].Chinese Journal of Solid Mechanics,2013,33(Suppl):211―215.(in Chinese)
[13]Jean-Yves Taillon,Frédéric Légeron,Simon Prud'homme.Variation of damping and stiffness of lattice towers with load level[J].Journal of Constructional Steel Research,2012,71:111―118.
[14]Nibong Ungkurppinan.A study of joint slip in galvanized bolted angle connections[D].Manitoba:University of Manitoba,2000.
[15]GB 50017-2003,钢结构设计规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2003.GB 50017-2003,Code for design of steel structures[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,2003.(in Chinese)
[16]徐建设,陈以一,韩琳,等.普通螺栓和承压型高强螺栓抗剪连接滑移过程[J].同济大学学报,2003,31(5):510―514.Xu Jianshe,Chen Yiyi,Han Lin,et al.Slip process analysis of regular bolt and bearing type high-tensile bolt shear connections[J].Journal of Tongji University,2003,31(5):510―514.(in Chinese)
[17]沈国辉,陈震,郭勇,等.螺栓节点板抗剪连接的有限元模拟方法研究[J].工程力学,2013,30(1):119―125.Shen Guohui,Chen Zhen,Guo Yong,et al.Finite element simulation methods applied to bolted gusset plates used as shear connectors[J].Engineering Mechanics,2013,30(1):119―125.(in Chinese)
[18]Kitipornchai S,AI-Bermani F G A,Peyrot A H,et al.Effect of bolt slippage on ultimate behavior of lattice structures[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,1994,120(8):2281―2287.
[19]Ungkurapinan N,Chandrakeerthy S R De S,Rajapakse R K N D,et al.Joint slip in steel electric transmission towers[J].Engineering Structures,2003,25(6):779―788.
[20]Cruz A,Sim?es R,Alves R.Slip factor in slip resistant joints with high strength steel[J].Journal of Constructional Steel Research,2012,70:280―288.
[21]樊雄伟,彭泉光.广西输电铁塔腐蚀防现状调查与防治建议[J].广西电力,2012,35(4):64―66.Fan Xiongwei,Peng Quanguang.Investigation and suggestion on corrosion of transmission tower in Guangxi[J].Guangxi Electric Power,2012,35(4):64―66.(in Chinese)
[22]江文强.构造节点的精细化模拟及其在输电铁塔结构分析中的应用[D].保定:华北电力大学,2011.Jiang Wenqiang.Accurate modeling of structural joint and its application in lattice transmission tower analysis[D].Baoding:North China Electric Power University,2011.(in Chinese)