日粮代谢能水平对“京红1号”蛋种鸡育成期生长性能及后续生产性能的影响
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摘要
试验旨在研究日粮不同代谢能水平对"京红1号"蛋种鸡育成期生长性能及后续生产性能的影响。试验选用9周龄"京红1号"蛋种鸡1 260只,随机分为4个处理,每处理5个重复,每重复63只鸡,4个处理组日粮代谢能水平分别为11.30、11.50、11.70、11.90 MJ/kg,粗蛋白水平均为15.5%,试验期为4周。饲养试验结束后育成鸡转入产蛋舍,4个处理组饲喂同一种日粮(代谢能水平为11.51 MJ/kg、粗蛋白水平为16.4%),从见蛋开始跟踪记录鸡只的生产性能(10 d)。结果表明:随着日粮代谢能水平的增加,蛋鸡平均体重、日增重和胫长均显著增加(P<0.05);耗料增重比和血浆尿素氮水平显著降低(P<0.05);11.90 MJ/kg处理组平均体重、日增重和胫长最高,耗料增重比和血浆尿素氮水平最低;11.70 MJ/kg处理组的生长性能次之,后续的生产性能表现最好,其见蛋日龄最早,初始产蛋率最高。综合育成期生长性能和后续生产性能结果,"京红1号"蛋种鸡育成期(9~13周龄)代谢能水平在11.70 MJ/kg较为适宜。
The experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary metabolizable energy(ME) levels on growth performance and subsequent production performance of Jinghong layers in finishing period. A total of 1 260 9-weekold Jinghong layers were randomly assigned to 4 treatments(ME 11.30, 11.50, 11.70 and 11.90 MJ/kg, CP 15.5%) with 5 replicates of 63 birds per replicate. The experiment lasted for four weeks. After the feeding experiment, the layers were transferred to the laying hens experiment, and all layers were fed with the same diet(ME11.51 MJ/kg, CP16.4%). Growth performances and subsequent production performances were evaluated. The results showed that with the increase of dietary ME, body weight, average daily gain and shank length significantly increased(P<0.05), whereas the feed/gain ratio and plasma urea nitrogen significantly decreased(P<0.05).The treatment of ME 11.90 MJ/kg performed best with the highest body weight, average daily gain and shank length, as well as the lowest feed/gain ratio and plasma urea nitrogen. Growth performance of treatment ME 11.70 MJ/kg took the second place, but the treatment performed well in subsequent laying performance with opening day coming the earliest and the highest initial production rate. Considering the growth performance and subsequent production performance, the optimal energy level in finishing period(9-13 week) of Jinghong layers was recommended to be11.70 MJ/kg.
The experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary metabolizable energy(ME) levels on growth performance and subsequent production performance of Jinghong layers in finishing period. A total of 1 260 9-weekold Jinghong layers were randomly assigned to 4 treatments(ME 11.30, 11.50, 11.70 and 11.90 MJ/kg, CP 15.5%) with 5 replicates of 63 birds per replicate. The experiment lasted for four weeks. After the feeding experiment, the layers were transferred to the laying hens experiment, and all layers were fed with the same diet(ME11.51 MJ/kg, CP16.4%). Growth performances and subsequent production performances were evaluated. The results showed that with the increase of dietary ME, body weight, average daily gain and shank length significantly increased(P<0.05), whereas the feed/gain ratio and plasma urea nitrogen significantly decreased(P<0.05).The treatment of ME 11.90 MJ/kg performed best with the highest body weight, average daily gain and shank length, as well as the lowest feed/gain ratio and plasma urea nitrogen. Growth performance of treatment ME 11.70 MJ/kg took the second place, but the treatment performed well in subsequent laying performance with opening day coming the earliest and the highest initial production rate. Considering the growth performance and subsequent production performance, the optimal energy level in finishing period(9-13 week) of Jinghong layers was recommended to be11.70 MJ/kg.
引文
[1]郝文博,陈朝江,马秋刚,等.日粮代谢能和粗蛋白水平对“京红1号”蛋种鸡育雏期生长性能的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2014,50(1):39-43.
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[11]袁超,徐志刚,蒋媛婧,等.新杨绿壳蛋鸡育成期能量和蛋白质的需要量[J].动物营养学报,2013,25(4):735-742.
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[13]麻艳群,杨家晃,夏中生,等.不同日粮对广西合浦鹅生产性能及养分代谢的影响[J].动物营养学报,2006,18(3):192-196.
[14]鞠科,肖从兴.日粮不同能量水平对广西三黄鸡肉种鸡育成期的生产性能和血液生化指标影响[J].畜牧与饲料科学,2009(10):25-27.
[15]郭宏,秦鹏.不同能量水平对蛋鸡生产性能和经济效益的影响[J].饲料工业,2000,21(11):6-8.
[16]张妮娅,刘焕良,夏明亮,等.热应激下日粮不同代谢能和蛋白水平对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的影响[J].中国粮油学报,2011(7):76-81.
[2]徐宁.28-39周龄京红1号蛋种鸡能量蛋白质需要量的研究[D].郑州:河南农业大学,2011.
[3]张利敏,姚军虎,董延.产蛋鸡粗蛋白质与代谢能需要量研究进展与应用[J].饲料工业,2012(3):13-16.
[4]Frikha M,Safaa H M,Serrano M P,et al.Influence of the main cereal and feed form of the diet on performance and digestive tract traits of brown-egg laying pullets[J].Poult Sci,2009,88(5):994-1002.
[5]陈小鸽,王彩玲,刘应鹏,等.不同能量水平日粮对肉杂817生长性能的影响[J].饲料工业,2007,8(5):43-45.
[6]Pérez-Bonilla A,Novoa S,García J,et al.Effects of energy concentration of the diet on productive performance and egg quality of brown egg-laying hens differing in initial body weight[J].Poult Sci,2012,91(12):3156-3166.
[7]Nahashon S N,Adefope N A,Amenyenu A,et al.Effect of varying concentrations of dietary crude protein and metabolizable energy on laying performance of pearl grey guinea fowl hens[J].Poult Sci,2007,86(8):1793-1799.
[8]秦鹏,计成,郭宏.不同能量蛋白水平对褐壳蛋鸡生产性能的影响[J].饲料工业,2001(10):22-24.
[9]魏宗友,王洪荣,张建智,等.不同能量水平对扬州鹅生产性能与屠宰性能的影响[J].上海畜牧兽医通讯,2009(4):27-28.
[10]徐明刚.褐壳蛋鸡育雏、育成期能量和蛋白质需要量的研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,1999.
[11]袁超,徐志刚,蒋媛婧,等.新杨绿壳蛋鸡育成期能量和蛋白质的需要量[J].动物营养学报,2013,25(4):735-742.
[12]赵阿勇.朗德鹅对能量、蛋白质和钙营养需要的研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2004.
[13]麻艳群,杨家晃,夏中生,等.不同日粮对广西合浦鹅生产性能及养分代谢的影响[J].动物营养学报,2006,18(3):192-196.
[14]鞠科,肖从兴.日粮不同能量水平对广西三黄鸡肉种鸡育成期的生产性能和血液生化指标影响[J].畜牧与饲料科学,2009(10):25-27.
[15]郭宏,秦鹏.不同能量水平对蛋鸡生产性能和经济效益的影响[J].饲料工业,2000,21(11):6-8.
[16]张妮娅,刘焕良,夏明亮,等.热应激下日粮不同代谢能和蛋白水平对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的影响[J].中国粮油学报,2011(7):76-81.