饲粮蛋氨酸对鹅再生羽绒品质、血清指标及基因mRNA表达量的影响
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摘要
旨在探讨饲粮蛋氨酸对鹅羽绒再生性能、血清指标及半胱氨酸和蛋氨酸代谢通路相关基因表达量的影响。本试验以128只健康霍尔多巴吉鹅为研究对象,于150日龄采绒后随机分成4组,每组4个重复,每个重复8只鹅。各组试验鹅分别饲喂基础饲粮中蛋氨酸添加量为0、0.28%、0.56%和0.84%的饲料,正试期42d。测定比较试验鹅的羽绒千朵绒重、羽枝长度以及血清生化、抗氧化和促生长因子等指标,并通过RT-qPCR检测半胱氨酸和蛋氨酸代谢通路相关基因mRNA的相对表达量。结果发现:1)随着饲粮中蛋氨酸添加比例增加,鹅血清中总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、尿素氮(BUN)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)含量等均未发生显著变化(P>0.05);血清中促生长因子(IGF-1)、催乳素(PRL)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)浓度随之显著升高(P<0.05),但添加量达到0.84%时反而又降低。2)饲粮中添加蛋氨酸可显著提高羽绒的千朵绒重和背部羽枝长度(P<0.05),促进羽绒再生,但不同蛋氨酸添加浓度对羽绒产量影响的差异不显著(P>0.05)。3)RT-qPCR检测结果显示,饲粮中添加蛋氨酸,半胱氨酸和蛋氨酸代谢通路中MAT1A mRNA相对表达量显著下调(P<0.05),基因AHCY在蛋氨酸添加比例为0.28%时mRNA相对表达量极显著下调(P<0.01)。结果表明,饲粮中添加适当浓度的蛋氨酸,可促进鹅体内IGF-1和PRL等促生长因子和抗氧化因子分泌,还可显著提高千朵绒重、背部羽枝长度,降低半胱氨酸和蛋氨酸代谢通路中MAT1A和ACHY基因mRNA的相对表达量,促进羽绒再生,其适宜的总添加量为0.55%～0.83%。
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary methionine on the regeneration performance of goose down,serum indexes and the expression of genes related to cysteine and methionine metabolic pathways in Hortobagy goose(Goosebag goose).One hundred and twenty eight 150-day-old healthy Hortobagy geese were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups after epilation.Four replicates for each group,and 8 geese for each replicate.Geese in the4 groups were fed diets with additional methionine levels of 0,0.28%,0.56% and 0.84%,respectively.The formal experimental period was 42 days.The data of goose down such as the thousand plush weight,velvet length,serum biochemical indicators,growth factors and antioxidant factors levels were measured,and the expression levels of genes related to cysteine and methionine metabolism pathways were determined by RT-qPCR.The results showed as the following:1)There was no significant difference in the TP,ALB,BUN,TG,HDL and LDL levels in serum among different groups(P>0.05).At the same time,with the increase of dietary methionine concentration,the growth factor(IGF-1),prolactin(PRL)and the glutathione(GSH-Px)levels in serum were also significantly increased(P<0.05),but when the methionine level added to 0.84%,the concentration of the above factors reduced.2)Supplementation of methionine in diet could significantly increase the thousand down weight and velvet length of back(P<0.05),and promote the regeneration of down,but there was no significant difference in the yield of down among the different methionine supplementation groups(P>0.05).3)The results of RT-qPCR showed that,with the methionine addition,the mRNA expression of MAT1 Agene in cysteine and methionine metabolism pathway decreased significantly(P<0.05),and the expression of ACHY mRNA extremely significantly decreased in the 0.28% methionine supplementation group(P<0.01).The results indicate that suitable concentration of methionine in diet can promote the secretion of IGF-1 and PRL growth factors and antioxidant factors in goose.It can also significantly increase the thousand plush weight and velvet length of back,reduce the mRNA expression of the MAT1 Aand ACHYgenes in cysteine and methionine metabolism pathways and promote the regeneration of the down feather,and the suitable total addition level is 0.55%-0.83%.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary methionine on the regeneration performance of goose down,serum indexes and the expression of genes related to cysteine and methionine metabolic pathways in Hortobagy goose(Goosebag goose).One hundred and twenty eight 150-day-old healthy Hortobagy geese were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups after epilation.Four replicates for each group,and 8 geese for each replicate.Geese in the4 groups were fed diets with additional methionine levels of 0,0.28%,0.56% and 0.84%,respectively.The formal experimental period was 42 days.The data of goose down such as the thousand plush weight,velvet length,serum biochemical indicators,growth factors and antioxidant factors levels were measured,and the expression levels of genes related to cysteine and methionine metabolism pathways were determined by RT-qPCR.The results showed as the following:1)There was no significant difference in the TP,ALB,BUN,TG,HDL and LDL levels in serum among different groups(P>0.05).At the same time,with the increase of dietary methionine concentration,the growth factor(IGF-1),prolactin(PRL)and the glutathione(GSH-Px)levels in serum were also significantly increased(P<0.05),but when the methionine level added to 0.84%,the concentration of the above factors reduced.2)Supplementation of methionine in diet could significantly increase the thousand down weight and velvet length of back(P<0.05),and promote the regeneration of down,but there was no significant difference in the yield of down among the different methionine supplementation groups(P>0.05).3)The results of RT-qPCR showed that,with the methionine addition,the mRNA expression of MAT1 Agene in cysteine and methionine metabolism pathway decreased significantly(P<0.05),and the expression of ACHY mRNA extremely significantly decreased in the 0.28% methionine supplementation group(P<0.01).The results indicate that suitable concentration of methionine in diet can promote the secretion of IGF-1 and PRL growth factors and antioxidant factors in goose.It can also significantly increase the thousand plush weight and velvet length of back,reduce the mRNA expression of the MAT1 Aand ACHYgenes in cysteine and methionine metabolism pathways and promote the regeneration of the down feather,and the suitable total addition level is 0.55%-0.83%.
引文
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[2]BERTOLO R F,MCBREAIRTY L E.The nutritional burden of methylation reactions[J].Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care,2013,16(1):102-108.
[3]易先国,何书海,梁存军,等.蛋氨酸对皖系长毛兔毛囊发育的影响[J].中国兽医杂志,2012,48(3):39-41.YI X G,HE S H,LIANG C J,et al.Effect of methionine on hair follicle development of long haired rabbit in Anhui Province[J].Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine,2012,48(3):39-41.(in Chinese)
[4]周玉香,张培松,张艳梅,等.过瘤胃蛋氨酸对滩羊羔羊生产性能及羊毛品质的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2018,39(4):75-78.ZHOU Y X,ZHANG P S,ZHNAG Y M,et al.Effect of rumen protected methionine on production performance and wool quality of Tan lamb[J].Acta Ecologiae Animalis Domastici,2018,39(4):75-78.(in Chinese)
[5]NAZEM M N,AMANOLLAHI R,TAVAKKOLIH,et al.Effect of in ovo injected methionine on feather follicle formation and its growth in the chicken embryo[J].Anat Sci,2015,12(2):83-88.
[6]ZHANG H H,JIANG Q K,SUN W L,et al.Effects of different dietary protein levels and DL-methionine supplementation on hair growth and pelt quality in mink(Neovision vision)[J].J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr,2013,97(6):1036-1042.
[7]南韦肖,张海华,司华哲,等.蛋氨酸对水貂毛乳头细胞生长的影响[J].中国兽医杂志,2017,53(2):23-25,28.NAN W X,ZHANG H H,SI H Z,et al.Effects of methionine on the developmental of mink dermal papilla cells in vitro[J].Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine,2017,53(2):23-25,28.(in Chinese)
[8]白海臣.皖西白鹅毛囊发育规律及羽绒再生调节关键基因分析[D].合肥:安徽农业大学,2012.BAI H C.Follicle developmental patterns and candidate genes expression for feather regeneration in Wanxi-white goose[D].Hefei:Anhui Agricultural University,2012.(in Chinese)
[9]HUO X,WANG A L,YANG J M.Antioxidant activity of sulfur-containing amino acids[J].Bull Biol,2006(4):7-8.
[10]唐漾波,欧阳佩珍.过量蛋氨酸对大鼠肝、脑组织脂质过氧化作用的研究[J].营养学报,1994,16(4):362-366.TANG Y B,OUYANG P Z.A study of excess methionine on lipid peroxidation of liver and brain tissues in rats[J].Acta Nutrimenta Sinica,1994,16(4):362-366.(in Chinese)
[11]杜希海.蛋氨酸对28~70日龄吉林白鹅生产性能及抗氧化能力的影响[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2017.DU X H.Effects of methionine on production performance and antioxidant ability of Jilin White geese aged 28to 70days[D].Changchun:Jilin Agricultural University,2017.(in Chinese)
[12]叶慧,冯凯玲,邓远帆,等.不同饲粮蛋氨酸水平对21日龄狮头鹅血清生化指标及抗氧化功能的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2013,49(13):43-46.YE H,FENG K L,DENG Y F,et al.Effects of different dietary methionine levels on serum biochemical indices and antioxidant function in 21-day Shitou geese[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science,2013,49(13):43-46.(in Chinese)
[13]何大乾.高效科学养鹅关键技术有问必答[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2017.HE D Q.Key technologies for high efficient scientific goose feeding[M].Beijing:China Agricultural Press,2017.(in Chinese)
[14]National Research Council.Nutrient requirement of poultry[M].9th ed.Washington DC:National Academy Press,1994.
[15]樊燕燕,张海华,孙伟丽,等.毛皮动物蛋氨酸营养的研究进展[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2016(17):76-79.FAN Y Y,ZHANG H H,SUN W L,et al.Research progress of methionine nutrition for fur animals[J].Heilongjiang Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,2016(17):76-79.(in Chinese)
[16]GOODBAND B,TOKACH M,DRITZ S,et al.Practical starter pig amino acid requirements in relation to immunity,gut health and growth performance[J].JAnim Sci Biotechnol,2014,5(1):12.
[17]袁绍有,左瑞华.日粮蛋氨酸水平对皖西白鹅拔毛后产毛性能的影响[J].中国草食动物,2007(4):36-37.YUAN S Y,ZUO R H.Effect of dietary methionine level on wool production of Wanxi White Goose after plucking[J].China Herbivores,2007(4):36-37.(in Chinese)
[18]MATA G,MASTERS D G,BUSCALL D,et al.Responses in wool growth,liveweight,glutathione and amino acids,in Merino wethers fed increasing amounts of methionine protected from degradation in the rumen[J].Aust J Agric Res,1995,46(6):1189-1204.
[19]牟玉婷,吴伟,孙永峰,等.BMP2基因在鹅胸、腹、背部皮肤中的定位定量表达研究[J].吉林农业大学学报,2013,35(2):241-244,249.MU Y T,WU W,SUN Y F,et al.Research on the positioning and quantitative expression of BMP2gene in chest,abdomen and back skin of goose[J].Journal of Jilin Agricultural University,2013,35(2):241-244,249.(in Chinese)
[20]赵洋,王志跃,杨海明,等.喷淋对仔鹅产绒性能和绒羽理化性质的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2014,45(5):781-788.ZHAO Y,WANG Z Y,YANG H M,et al.Effects of spraying on cashmere performance and down physicochemical properties in goslings[J].Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica,2014,45(5):781-788.(in Chinese)
[21]谢明.北京鸭蛋氨酸需要量、生物学效价及毒性的研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2007.XIE M.Requirement,bioefficacy,and toxicity of methionine in Pecking ducks[D].Beijing:Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,2007.(in Chinese)
[22]南韦肖.蛋氨酸对体外培养的水貂毛囊及毛乳头细胞发育规律的影响[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2016.NAN W X.Effects of methionine on the developmental mechanism of mink hair follicle and dermal papilla cells in vitro[D].Changchun:Jilin Agricultural University,2016.(in Chinese)
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