上海市某社区0～6岁儿童贫血流行情况及季节性特征分析
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摘要
目的了解上海市某社区0～6岁儿童贫血的流行情况,探索贫血的发生是否具有季节性特征性。方法资料来源于上海市某社区卫生服务中心检验科,贫血的判断采用全国少儿血液病会议制定的标准,季节性特征采用集中度M值和圆形分布法。采用Excel 2010整理和计算数据,检验水准α=0.05。结果上海市某社区0～6岁儿童总贫血率10.99%,轻度贫血率10.45%,中度贫血率0.54%,男童贫血率11.93%,女童贫血率9.97%。1岁儿童占0～6岁贫血儿童的75.39%,男女之间贫血率差异具有统计学意义(P=0.05,χ~2=7.97)、轻度和中度贫血的构成比差异无统计学意义(P=0.80,χ~2=0.06)。月贫血人数的季节性差(M=0.07,Z=3.83,P<0.05),而月贫血率没有季节性(M=0.03,Z=0.17,P>0.05)。结论上海市某社区0～6岁儿童的贫血率处于一般水平;贫血的发生无季节性特征;儿童保健工作中应注意监测低年龄段儿童的血红蛋白水平,提醒家长关注并适当给婴幼儿补铁以预防贫血的发生。
Objective To understand the prevalence of anemia among 0-6 year-old children in a community in Shanghai, and to explore whether the occurrence of anemia has seasonal characteristics. Methods The data was collected from the laboratory of a community health service center in Shanghai. The judgment of anemia was based on the standards established by the National Children′s Hematology Conference. Using concentration M value and circular distribution method to express the seasonal characteristics, and Excel 2010 to organize and calculate data, the test level α =0.05. Results The total anemia rate of children aged 0-6 years in a community in Shanghai was 10.99%, the rate of mild anemia was 10.45%, the rate of moderate anemia was 0.54%, the rate of anemia among boys was 11.93%, and the rate of anemia among girls was 9.97%. 1-year-old children accounted for 75.39% of anemia children aged 0-6 years. The difference in anemia between men and women was statistically significant(P=0.050, χ~2=7.973). There was no significant difference in the composition ratio of mild to moderate anemia.(P=0.802, χ~2=0.063). There was a seasonal difference in the number of monthly anemia(M=0.07, Z=3.83, P<0.05), and there was no seasonality in monthly anemia(M=0.03, Z=0.17, P>0.05). Conclusion The anemia rate of children aged 0-6 years in a community in Shanghai is at an average level;there was no seasonality in the occurrence of anemia;children′s health care should pay attention to monitoring the level of hemoglobin in children of low age,to remind parents to pay attention and appropriate iron supplementation to prevent the occurrence of anemia in infants and young children.
Objective To understand the prevalence of anemia among 0-6 year-old children in a community in Shanghai, and to explore whether the occurrence of anemia has seasonal characteristics. Methods The data was collected from the laboratory of a community health service center in Shanghai. The judgment of anemia was based on the standards established by the National Children′s Hematology Conference. Using concentration M value and circular distribution method to express the seasonal characteristics, and Excel 2010 to organize and calculate data, the test level α =0.05. Results The total anemia rate of children aged 0-6 years in a community in Shanghai was 10.99%, the rate of mild anemia was 10.45%, the rate of moderate anemia was 0.54%, the rate of anemia among boys was 11.93%, and the rate of anemia among girls was 9.97%. 1-year-old children accounted for 75.39% of anemia children aged 0-6 years. The difference in anemia between men and women was statistically significant(P=0.050, χ~2=7.973). There was no significant difference in the composition ratio of mild to moderate anemia.(P=0.802, χ~2=0.063). There was a seasonal difference in the number of monthly anemia(M=0.07, Z=3.83, P<0.05), and there was no seasonality in monthly anemia(M=0.03, Z=0.17, P>0.05). Conclusion The anemia rate of children aged 0-6 years in a community in Shanghai is at an average level;there was no seasonality in the occurrence of anemia;children′s health care should pay attention to monitoring the level of hemoglobin in children of low age,to remind parents to pay attention and appropriate iron supplementation to prevent the occurrence of anemia in infants and young children.
引文
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[13] 张瑞芳,栗新燕,王文丽,等.呼和浩特市6岁以下城区儿童贫血与生长发育状况研究[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2018,26(1):106-108.
[14] 于华.新疆精河县2564例0～6岁儿童贫血普查结果分析[J].新疆医学,2017,47(10):1170-1172,1183.
[15] Chandyo R,Ulak M,Adhikari R,et al.Prevalence of irondeficiency and anemia among young children with acute diarrheain Bhaktapur,Nepal[J].Healthcare,2015,3(3): 593-606.
[16] Khan JR,Awan N,Misu F.Determinants of anemia among 6～59 months aged children in Bangladesh: evidence from nationallyrepresentative data[J].BMC pediatrics,2015,16(1):1-12.
[17] 郭冰冰,卫雅蓉,裴晶晶,等.中国0～6岁儿童营养性贫血影响因素meta分析[J].中国公共卫生,2018,34(4):589-592
[18] 邱星元,易艳红,魏煌忠.集体儿童肥胖与贫血状况及其变化趋势[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2015,26(5):115-117.
[19] 张天星.《黄帝内经》疾病预测理论研究[D].北京:北京中医药大学,2017.
[2] WANG J,WANG H,CHANG S,et al.The influence of malnutrition andmicronutrient status on anemic risk in children under 3 years old inpoor areas in China[J].PLoS One,2015,10(10):0140840.
[3] Jeong KS,Park H,Ha E,et al.Evidence that cognitive deficit inchildren is associated not only with iron deficiency,but also withblood lead concentration: a preliminary study[J].Journal of TraceElements in Medicine and Biology,2015(29): 336-341.
[4] 赵启龙.中医内科学对季节性疾病的预防[J].大家健康(学术版),2014,8(21):52.
[5] 李锡太,何战英,陈艳伟,等.运用集中度与圆形分布法分析北京市布鲁氏菌病时间分布特征[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2016,27(1):20-23.
[6] 陈瑞,何健,杨海霞,等.2006—2010年甘肃农村地区0～6岁儿童贫血患病率调查分析[J].中国妇幼保健,2013,28(19):3132-3134.
[7] 贾志红.0～6岁儿童贫血原因调查结果分析[J].大家健康(学术版),2014,8(12):35-36.
[8] 毛新梅,李晓强,夏绍斌,等.宁夏吴忠市0～6岁儿童贫血状况及影响因素分析[J].中国妇幼保健,2014,29(31):5084-5086.
[9] 王乐见,史春娟,徐友文,等.台州市6个月～6岁儿童贫血状况调查分析[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2017,27(21):3164-3167.
[10] 杨桂芸,周军燕,滕丕国.993例0～6岁农村儿童血红蛋白水平及贫血状况分析[J].中国妇幼卫生杂志,2015,6(1):31-33.
[11] 贺军涛,张彦平,张磊,等.西安某三甲医院0～6岁儿童贫血检出状况分析[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2015,23(10):1109-1111.
[12] 招湛静,林丽云,徐威力,等.深圳大鹏新区0～6岁学龄前儿童缺铁性贫血患病率现状调查及其影响因素分析[J].中国优生与遗传杂志,2018,26(4):112-114,66.
[13] 张瑞芳,栗新燕,王文丽,等.呼和浩特市6岁以下城区儿童贫血与生长发育状况研究[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2018,26(1):106-108.
[14] 于华.新疆精河县2564例0～6岁儿童贫血普查结果分析[J].新疆医学,2017,47(10):1170-1172,1183.
[15] Chandyo R,Ulak M,Adhikari R,et al.Prevalence of irondeficiency and anemia among young children with acute diarrheain Bhaktapur,Nepal[J].Healthcare,2015,3(3): 593-606.
[16] Khan JR,Awan N,Misu F.Determinants of anemia among 6～59 months aged children in Bangladesh: evidence from nationallyrepresentative data[J].BMC pediatrics,2015,16(1):1-12.
[17] 郭冰冰,卫雅蓉,裴晶晶,等.中国0～6岁儿童营养性贫血影响因素meta分析[J].中国公共卫生,2018,34(4):589-592
[18] 邱星元,易艳红,魏煌忠.集体儿童肥胖与贫血状况及其变化趋势[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2015,26(5):115-117.
[19] 张天星.《黄帝内经》疾病预测理论研究[D].北京:北京中医药大学,2017.