行政检察监督构建的三阶视域:本体、关键及体系
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摘要
强化对行政权力的制约和监督是全面推进依法治国的改革目标,探索对行政行为的检察监督已具备坚实的现实基础。要达成行政检察监督的现实构建,应择取串联本体、关键及体系于一线的三阶视域为分析进路。一阶起于对权力本体的考察:检察监督权的行使是人大制度框架下实现法律监督之宪制目标的特殊安排,但历史与规范并未给予当前行政检察监督足够的支撑。二阶承于对关键问题的梳理:须在监督职权的法律依据、职权程序与明确派驻机构的法定职权等方面重点把握。三阶合于对法权体系的安排:需系统修改检察院组织法并制定附属规范,延伸"两法衔接"与派驻检察室两项平台,推动行政检察监督的以案释法实践。
Strengthening the control and supervision of administrative power is the goal of promoting the rule of law in a comprehensive way,and exploring the procuratorial supervision of administrative acts has solid practical needs. To achieve the administrative procuratorial supervision of the realistic conformation,the analysis routes should be selected in tandem the ontology,keys with the system in one line which named the three stages perspective. The first stage starts from the power observation by ontology. The exercise of prosecutorial supervision power is a special arrangement for realizing the constitutional objective of legal supervision under the framework of the NPC system,but the history and norms do not give sufficient support to the current administrative procuratorial supervision. The second stage mainly analyzes the key points. We should establish the supervisory authority of the legal basis and authority procedures,and clearly establish the legal authority of the internal and dispatched procuratorial office. The third stage focuses on the arrangements of legal force system. The organization law of the procuratorate and affiliated norms needs to be modified systematically. It also need to extend the platforms of the convergence of the two laws and the dispatched procuratorial offices,and to promote the procuratorial supervision of administration through the practice of interpretation by case.
Strengthening the control and supervision of administrative power is the goal of promoting the rule of law in a comprehensive way,and exploring the procuratorial supervision of administrative acts has solid practical needs. To achieve the administrative procuratorial supervision of the realistic conformation,the analysis routes should be selected in tandem the ontology,keys with the system in one line which named the three stages perspective. The first stage starts from the power observation by ontology. The exercise of prosecutorial supervision power is a special arrangement for realizing the constitutional objective of legal supervision under the framework of the NPC system,but the history and norms do not give sufficient support to the current administrative procuratorial supervision. The second stage mainly analyzes the key points. We should establish the supervisory authority of the legal basis and authority procedures,and clearly establish the legal authority of the internal and dispatched procuratorial office. The third stage focuses on the arrangements of legal force system. The organization law of the procuratorate and affiliated norms needs to be modified systematically. It also need to extend the platforms of the convergence of the two laws and the dispatched procuratorial offices,and to promote the procuratorial supervision of administration through the practice of interpretation by case.
引文
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[2]闵钐,薛伟宏.共和国检察历史片段[M].北京:中国检察出版社,2009:245.
[3]朱孝清,张智辉.检察学[M].北京:中国检察出版社,2010:326-328.
[4]陈端洪.论宪法作为国家的根本法与高级法[J].中外法学,2008(4):485-511.
[5]汤维建.民事诉讼法的全面修改与检察监督[J].中国法学,2011(3):71-81.
[6]姜涛.检察机关行政法律监督制度研究[J].东方法学,2016(6):2-13.
[7]朱宁宁.建议结合监察体制改革通盘考虑[EB/OL].(2017-09-05)[2017-09-11].http://www.npc.gov.cn/npc/xinwen/lfgz/2017-09/11/content_2028643.htm.
[8]韩大元.论检察[M].北京:中国检察出版社,2014:72-73.
[9]孙长春.构建违法行政行为法律监督的新常态[J].红旗文摘,2015(7):17-18.
[10]最高人民检察院关于贯彻落实《中共中央关于全面推进依法治国若干重大问题的决定》的意见[N].检察日报,2015-02-05(2).
[11]福建省人民检察院.行政检察处[EB/OL].(2015-11-17)[2017-09-11].http://www.fj.jcy.gov.cn/nsjg/201511/t20151117_1711943.shtml.
[12]广东省人民检察院.民事行政检察处[EB/OL].(2013-12-12)[2017-09-11].http://www.gd.jcy.gov.cn/sygk/jgzn/201312/t20131212_1272038.shtml.
[13]江苏省人民检察院.江苏省人民检察院单位机构(人员)[EB/OL].(2017-05-25)[2017-09-11].http://www.jsjc.gov.cn/jianwugongkai/dwjj/201701/t20170119_125361.shtml.
[14]山东省人民检察院.机构设置-民事行政检察二处[EB/OL].(2015-06-24)[2017-09-11].http://www.sdjcy.gov.cn/html/sygk/jgsz/.
[15]湖北省人民检察院.行政诉讼监督处的职能[EB/OL].(2012-05-29)[2017-09-11].http://www.hbjc.gov.cn/jcyjg/ssjdjg/xxssjdc/jddt/201205/t20120529_519480.shtml.
[16]曹建明.最高人民检察院工作报告——2015年3月12日在第十二届全国人民代表大会第三次会议上[EB/OL].(2015-03-20)[2017-09-11].http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2015-03/20/content_2836617.htm.
[17]曹建明.最高人民检察院工作报告——2016年3月13日在第十二届全国人民代表大会第四次会议上[EB/OL].(2016-03-20)[2017-09-11].http://www.china.com.cn/legal/2016-03/21/content_38072760.htm.
[18]曹建明.最高人民检察院工作报告——2017年3月12日在第十二届全国人民代表大会第五次会议上[EB/OL].(2017-03-20)[2017-09-11].http://cpc.people.com.cn/n1/2017/0320/c64094-29155618.html.
[19]2014-2018年基层人民检察院建设规划[N].检察日报,2013-12-11(3).
[20]张智辉.法律监督三辨析[J].中国法学,2003(5):16-24.