基于广义S变换和TEO的配电网故障定位方法
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摘要
针对由于配电网线路短、分支多而造成的单相接地故障行波波头难以识别的问题,提出一种结合广义S变换和Teager能量算子(TEO)来检测故障行波波头的双端行波故障定位方法。该方法以时频分析方法的时间分辨率为出发点,先通过广义S变换提高时频分析算法的时间分辨率,再利用TEO进行能量特征提取,从而达到对行波波头的准确检测,进而实现精确故障定位。大量仿真结果表明,该方法能够精确检测行波波头,测距精度高、抗噪性能强、故障定位可靠。
Considering the problem that it is difficult to identify the wave head of a single phase-to-ground fault traveling wave because of short lines and too many branches in distribution network,a double-terminal traveling wave fault location method,which combines generalized S transform and Teager energy operator(TEO),is proposed to detect the wave head of fault traveling wave. First,as a starting point,the time resolution of the time-frequency analysis method is improved by generalized S transform. Then,energy feature extraction is performed by TEO to realize the accurate detection of the traveling wave head,thus achieving the accurate fault location. Extensive simulation results show that this method can accurately detect the traveling wave head with higher location accuracy and stronger anti-noise property;therefore,its fault location capability is reliable.
Considering the problem that it is difficult to identify the wave head of a single phase-to-ground fault traveling wave because of short lines and too many branches in distribution network,a double-terminal traveling wave fault location method,which combines generalized S transform and Teager energy operator(TEO),is proposed to detect the wave head of fault traveling wave. First,as a starting point,the time resolution of the time-frequency analysis method is improved by generalized S transform. Then,energy feature extraction is performed by TEO to realize the accurate detection of the traveling wave head,thus achieving the accurate fault location. Extensive simulation results show that this method can accurately detect the traveling wave head with higher location accuracy and stronger anti-noise property;therefore,its fault location capability is reliable.
引文
[1]陈玥云,覃剑,王欣,等(Chen Yueyun,Qin Jian,Wang Xin,et al).配电网故障测距综述(A survey on fault location for distribution network)[J].电网技术(Power System Technology),2006,30(18):89-93.
[2]马超然(Ma Chaoran).输电线路行波故障定位技术发展及展望(Prospect and development of transmission line fault location using traveling wave)[J].继电器(Relay),2007,35(24):11-15,20.
[3]何晓,雷勇,周聪聪,等(He Xiao,Lei Yong,Zhou Congcong,et al).消除零模波速影响的配电网单端行波故障测距算法(A single-terminal fault location algorithm in distribution network for eliminating the effect of the velocity of zero-mode traveling wave)[J].电力系统保护与控制(Power System Protection and Control),2016,44(23):39-45.
[4]刘朕志,舒勤,韩晓言,等(Liu Zhenzhi,Shu Qin,Han Xiaoyan,et al).基于行波模量速度差的配电网故障测距迭代算法(An iterative fault location algorithm using the difference of wave velocity between zero mode component and aerial mode component of traveling wave)[J].电力系统保护与控制(Power System Protection and Control),2015,43(8):88-93.
[5]张琦,舒勤,董丽梅(Zhang Qi,Shu Qin,Dong Limei).基于多端行波信号分析的配电网故障定位研究(Research on fault location of distribution network based on multi terminal traveling wave signal analysis)[J].数字技术与应用(Digital Technology and Application),2016(3):40-42.
[6]李泽文,曾祥君,黄智伟,等(Li Zewen,Zeng Xiangjun,Huang Zhiwei,et al).基于高精度晶振的GPS秒时钟误差在线修正方法(Method for correcting errors of the GPS-clock based on the high precision crystal oscillator)[J].电力系统自动化(Automation of Electric Power Systems),2006,30(13):55-58.
[7]李聪聪(Li Congcong).交流输电线路双端行波测距方法研究(Studies on Fault Location Method for AC Transmission Line Based on Double-end Traveling Wave)[D].济南:山东大学电气工程学院(Jinan:College of Electrical Engineering,Shandong University),2017.
[8]高艳丰,朱永利,闫红艳,等(Gao Yanfeng,Zhu Yongli,Yan Hongyan,et al).一种新型的输电线路双端行波故障定位方法(A new fault location method of transmission lines based on double-terminal traveling wave)[J].电力系统保护与控制(Power System Protection and Control),2016,44(8):8-13.
[9]郑州,吕艳萍,王杰,等(Zheng Zhou,LüYanping,Wang Jie,et al).基于小波变换的双端行波测距新方法(Anew two-terminal traveling wave fault location method based on wavelet transform)[J].电网技术(Power System Technology),2010,34(1):203-207.
[10]覃剑,陈祥训,郑健超,等(Qin Jian,Chen Xiangxun,Zheng Jianchao,et al).利用小波变换的双端行波测距新方法(A new double terminal method of traveling wave fault location using wavelet transform)[J].中国电机工程学报(Proceedings of the CSEE),2000,20(8):6-10.
[11]刘晓琴,王大志,江雪晨,等(Liu Xiaoqin,Wang Dazhi,Jiang Xuechen,et al).利用行波到达时差关系的配电网故障定位算法(Fault location algorithm for distribution power network based on relationship in time difference of arrival of traveling wave)[J].中国电机工程学报(Proceedings of the CSEE),2017,37(14):4109-4115.
[12]洪亚(Hong Ya).中压配电网单相接地故障精确定位方法的研究(Research on Accurate Location Method of Single Phase to Earth Fault in Medium Voltage Distribution Network)[D].长沙:湖南大学电气与信息工程学院(Changsha:Institute of Electrical and Information Engineering,Hunan University),2016.
[13]廖晓辉,赵肖健,梁恒娜(Liao Xianhui,Zhao Xiaojian,Liang Hengna).一种基于Hilbert-Huang变换的电力电缆故障测距方法(A power cable fault location method based on Hilbert-Huang transform)[J].电力系统保护与控制(Power System Protection and Control),2017,45(3):20-25.
[14]刘志刚,李文帆,孙婉璐(Liu Zhigang,Li Wenfan,Sun Wanlu).Hilbert-Huang变换及其在电力系统中的应用(Hilbert-Huang transform and its applications in power system)[J].电力自动化设备(Electric Power Automation Equipment),2012,32(4):109-116.
[15]徐俊明,汪芳宗,尹星,等(Xu Junming,Wang Fangzong,Yin Xing,et al).基于Hilbert-Huang变换的行波法高压输电线路故障定位(A traveling wave fault location method for high voltage power transmission lines based on Hilbert-Huang transform)[J].电力系统保护与控制(Power System Protection and Control),2012,40(2):88-92,105.
[16]洪亚,谭阳红,易汗林,等(Hong Ya,Tan Yanghong,Yi Hanlin,et al).配电网单相接地故障行波定位新方法(New method of single phase-to-ground fault location based on traveling wave in distribution networks)[J].电力系统及其自动化学报(Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA),2017,29(2):14-20.
[17]吴阳阳,舒勤(Wu Yangyang,Shu Qin).S变换在配网故障行波信号分析中的算法研究(Research on the algorithm of S transform in the analysis of fault traveling wave signals in the distribution network)[J].数字技术与应用(Digital Technology and Application),2017(4):135-137,141.
[18]钱佳琪,叶佳卓,旷哲,等(Qian Jiaqi,Ye Jiazhuo,Kuang Zhe,et al).基于S变换的多端输电网故障定位方法(Afault-location method for multi-terminal transmission network based on S transform)[J].电力系统保护与控制(Power System Protection and Control),2014,42(23):82-88.
[19]张钧,何正友,贾勇(Zhang Jun,He Zhengyou,Jia Yong).基于S变换的故障选线新方法(Fault line identification approach based on S-transform)[J].中国电机工程学报(Proceedings of the CSEE),2011,31(10):109-115.
[20]马增强,李亚超,刘政,等(Ma Zengqiang,Li Yachao,Liu Zheng,et al).基于变分模态分解和Teager能量算子的滚动轴承故障特征提取(Rolling bearings fault feature extraction based on variational mode decomposition and Teager energy operator)[J].振动与冲击(Journal of Vibration and Shock),2016,35(13):134-139.
[21]周超(Zhou Chao).电能质量扰动分析与检测方法研究(Research on Analysis and Detection Method of the Power Quality Disturbances)[D].长沙:湖南大学电气与信息工程学院(Changsha:Institute of Electrical and Information Engineering,Hunan University),2016.
[22]黄文清,戴瑜兴(Huang Wenqing,Dai Yuxing).基于Teager能量算子的电能质量扰动实时检测方法(Real-time detection power quality of disturbances based on Teager energy operator)[J].电工技术学报(Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society),2007,22(6):154-158.
[23]Stockwell R G,Mansinha L,Lowe R P.Localization of the complex spectrum:the S transform[J].IEEE Trans on Signal Processing,1996,44(4):998-1001.
[24]束洪春.电力工程信号处理应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.
[25]Maragos P,Kaiser J F,Quatieri T F.Energy separation in signal modulations with applications to speech analysis[J].IEEE Trans on Signal Processing,1993,41(10):3024-3051.
[26]Kaiser J F.Some useful properties of Teager’s energy operators[C]//IEEE International Conference on Acoustics,Speech,and Signal Processing.Minneapolis,USA,1993:149-152.
[2]马超然(Ma Chaoran).输电线路行波故障定位技术发展及展望(Prospect and development of transmission line fault location using traveling wave)[J].继电器(Relay),2007,35(24):11-15,20.
[3]何晓,雷勇,周聪聪,等(He Xiao,Lei Yong,Zhou Congcong,et al).消除零模波速影响的配电网单端行波故障测距算法(A single-terminal fault location algorithm in distribution network for eliminating the effect of the velocity of zero-mode traveling wave)[J].电力系统保护与控制(Power System Protection and Control),2016,44(23):39-45.
[4]刘朕志,舒勤,韩晓言,等(Liu Zhenzhi,Shu Qin,Han Xiaoyan,et al).基于行波模量速度差的配电网故障测距迭代算法(An iterative fault location algorithm using the difference of wave velocity between zero mode component and aerial mode component of traveling wave)[J].电力系统保护与控制(Power System Protection and Control),2015,43(8):88-93.
[5]张琦,舒勤,董丽梅(Zhang Qi,Shu Qin,Dong Limei).基于多端行波信号分析的配电网故障定位研究(Research on fault location of distribution network based on multi terminal traveling wave signal analysis)[J].数字技术与应用(Digital Technology and Application),2016(3):40-42.
[6]李泽文,曾祥君,黄智伟,等(Li Zewen,Zeng Xiangjun,Huang Zhiwei,et al).基于高精度晶振的GPS秒时钟误差在线修正方法(Method for correcting errors of the GPS-clock based on the high precision crystal oscillator)[J].电力系统自动化(Automation of Electric Power Systems),2006,30(13):55-58.
[7]李聪聪(Li Congcong).交流输电线路双端行波测距方法研究(Studies on Fault Location Method for AC Transmission Line Based on Double-end Traveling Wave)[D].济南:山东大学电气工程学院(Jinan:College of Electrical Engineering,Shandong University),2017.
[8]高艳丰,朱永利,闫红艳,等(Gao Yanfeng,Zhu Yongli,Yan Hongyan,et al).一种新型的输电线路双端行波故障定位方法(A new fault location method of transmission lines based on double-terminal traveling wave)[J].电力系统保护与控制(Power System Protection and Control),2016,44(8):8-13.
[9]郑州,吕艳萍,王杰,等(Zheng Zhou,LüYanping,Wang Jie,et al).基于小波变换的双端行波测距新方法(Anew two-terminal traveling wave fault location method based on wavelet transform)[J].电网技术(Power System Technology),2010,34(1):203-207.
[10]覃剑,陈祥训,郑健超,等(Qin Jian,Chen Xiangxun,Zheng Jianchao,et al).利用小波变换的双端行波测距新方法(A new double terminal method of traveling wave fault location using wavelet transform)[J].中国电机工程学报(Proceedings of the CSEE),2000,20(8):6-10.
[11]刘晓琴,王大志,江雪晨,等(Liu Xiaoqin,Wang Dazhi,Jiang Xuechen,et al).利用行波到达时差关系的配电网故障定位算法(Fault location algorithm for distribution power network based on relationship in time difference of arrival of traveling wave)[J].中国电机工程学报(Proceedings of the CSEE),2017,37(14):4109-4115.
[12]洪亚(Hong Ya).中压配电网单相接地故障精确定位方法的研究(Research on Accurate Location Method of Single Phase to Earth Fault in Medium Voltage Distribution Network)[D].长沙:湖南大学电气与信息工程学院(Changsha:Institute of Electrical and Information Engineering,Hunan University),2016.
[13]廖晓辉,赵肖健,梁恒娜(Liao Xianhui,Zhao Xiaojian,Liang Hengna).一种基于Hilbert-Huang变换的电力电缆故障测距方法(A power cable fault location method based on Hilbert-Huang transform)[J].电力系统保护与控制(Power System Protection and Control),2017,45(3):20-25.
[14]刘志刚,李文帆,孙婉璐(Liu Zhigang,Li Wenfan,Sun Wanlu).Hilbert-Huang变换及其在电力系统中的应用(Hilbert-Huang transform and its applications in power system)[J].电力自动化设备(Electric Power Automation Equipment),2012,32(4):109-116.
[15]徐俊明,汪芳宗,尹星,等(Xu Junming,Wang Fangzong,Yin Xing,et al).基于Hilbert-Huang变换的行波法高压输电线路故障定位(A traveling wave fault location method for high voltage power transmission lines based on Hilbert-Huang transform)[J].电力系统保护与控制(Power System Protection and Control),2012,40(2):88-92,105.
[16]洪亚,谭阳红,易汗林,等(Hong Ya,Tan Yanghong,Yi Hanlin,et al).配电网单相接地故障行波定位新方法(New method of single phase-to-ground fault location based on traveling wave in distribution networks)[J].电力系统及其自动化学报(Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA),2017,29(2):14-20.
[17]吴阳阳,舒勤(Wu Yangyang,Shu Qin).S变换在配网故障行波信号分析中的算法研究(Research on the algorithm of S transform in the analysis of fault traveling wave signals in the distribution network)[J].数字技术与应用(Digital Technology and Application),2017(4):135-137,141.
[18]钱佳琪,叶佳卓,旷哲,等(Qian Jiaqi,Ye Jiazhuo,Kuang Zhe,et al).基于S变换的多端输电网故障定位方法(Afault-location method for multi-terminal transmission network based on S transform)[J].电力系统保护与控制(Power System Protection and Control),2014,42(23):82-88.
[19]张钧,何正友,贾勇(Zhang Jun,He Zhengyou,Jia Yong).基于S变换的故障选线新方法(Fault line identification approach based on S-transform)[J].中国电机工程学报(Proceedings of the CSEE),2011,31(10):109-115.
[20]马增强,李亚超,刘政,等(Ma Zengqiang,Li Yachao,Liu Zheng,et al).基于变分模态分解和Teager能量算子的滚动轴承故障特征提取(Rolling bearings fault feature extraction based on variational mode decomposition and Teager energy operator)[J].振动与冲击(Journal of Vibration and Shock),2016,35(13):134-139.
[21]周超(Zhou Chao).电能质量扰动分析与检测方法研究(Research on Analysis and Detection Method of the Power Quality Disturbances)[D].长沙:湖南大学电气与信息工程学院(Changsha:Institute of Electrical and Information Engineering,Hunan University),2016.
[22]黄文清,戴瑜兴(Huang Wenqing,Dai Yuxing).基于Teager能量算子的电能质量扰动实时检测方法(Real-time detection power quality of disturbances based on Teager energy operator)[J].电工技术学报(Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society),2007,22(6):154-158.
[23]Stockwell R G,Mansinha L,Lowe R P.Localization of the complex spectrum:the S transform[J].IEEE Trans on Signal Processing,1996,44(4):998-1001.
[24]束洪春.电力工程信号处理应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.
[25]Maragos P,Kaiser J F,Quatieri T F.Energy separation in signal modulations with applications to speech analysis[J].IEEE Trans on Signal Processing,1993,41(10):3024-3051.
[26]Kaiser J F.Some useful properties of Teager’s energy operators[C]//IEEE International Conference on Acoustics,Speech,and Signal Processing.Minneapolis,USA,1993:149-152.