人本主义视角下传统街区活力调查与提升策略研究:以广州龙导尾街区为例
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摘要
城市街区是城市公共空间的主要组成部分,也是人群公共活动的重要场所.城市化的快速发展,使得传统以人为本的街道公共空间逐渐被隔离与侵占.以人本主义为研究视角,以传统街区公共空间为研究尺度,首先,从街道交通通达性、街道功能多样性、街道环境舒适性等角度分析老街区街道的空间活力现状及空间特征;然后,在调查各类使用者的行为特征与使用需求中,探究快速城市化模式对旧城的冲击及其对城市居民产生的影响;最后,以"人本主义"为发展理念,从空间正义、人文关怀等方面提出重新激发传统街道空间活力的措施.
The urban street space is an important part of the urban public space,as well as the main area for urban activity.With the rapid development of urbanization today,the living streets full of flavour of life are transformed into the driving-oriented roads to meet the traffic demands of increasing vehicles.The urban renovation is confronted with a series of problems,for an example,the lack of the flavour of traditional life and the spirit of space.Taking streets of Longdaowei Community as the research object,the authors make objective study and analysis of the current vitality,the spatial characteristics and service functions of the streets.The research methods are taken in the dissertation including questionnaire survey,field interview,spatial analysis;relevant historical documents and data are also used for reference.By making research on the behavioral characteristics and usage requirements of different users,the authors conclude the impacts which the updated urban style has on the old city and urban dwellers,and proposes measures to revitalize living streets from aspects such as updating strategies,formulation and management.
The urban street space is an important part of the urban public space,as well as the main area for urban activity.With the rapid development of urbanization today,the living streets full of flavour of life are transformed into the driving-oriented roads to meet the traffic demands of increasing vehicles.The urban renovation is confronted with a series of problems,for an example,the lack of the flavour of traditional life and the spirit of space.Taking streets of Longdaowei Community as the research object,the authors make objective study and analysis of the current vitality,the spatial characteristics and service functions of the streets.The research methods are taken in the dissertation including questionnaire survey,field interview,spatial analysis;relevant historical documents and data are also used for reference.By making research on the behavioral characteristics and usage requirements of different users,the authors conclude the impacts which the updated urban style has on the old city and urban dwellers,and proposes measures to revitalize living streets from aspects such as updating strategies,formulation and management.
引文
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[25]乔杰,洪亮平,王莹.生态与人本语境下乡村规划的层次与逻辑--基于鄂西山区的调查与实践[J].现代城市发展研究,2016,23(6):88-97.
[26]刘晓曼,罗小龙,许骁.历史街区保护与社会公平--基于居住者需求的视角[J].城市问题,2014(12):32-37.
[27]徐小波,吴必虎.历史街区旅游开发与居民生活环境发展研究--以扬州”双东”历史街区为例[J].人文地理,2013(6):133-141.
[28]苏静,陆林.城市文化街区功能演化研究[J].人文地理,2010(2):70-73.
[29]马水静.基于中心地理论的北京城市街道活力研究[D].北京:北京工业大学,2009:37-38.
[30]克里夫·芒福汀.城市设计:街道与广场[M].张永刚,陆卫东,译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2004:90-168.
[31]卢哲,汤朝晖.台北街道的历史与现状及街道的再认知[J].南方建筑,2016(3):56-62.
[32]赵宝静.浅议人性化的街道设计[J].城市研究,2016(2):59-63.
[33]BAKER R G,WOOD S.Towards robust development of retail planning policy:maintaining the viability and vitality of main street shopping precincts[J].Geographical Research,2010,48(1):65-74.
[34]方榕.生活性街道的要素空间特征及规划设计方法[J].上海城市规划,2015(12):46-51.
[35]MARCH A,RIJAL Y,WILKINSON S,et al.Measuring building adaptability and street vitality[J].Planning Practice and Research,2012,27(5):531-552.
[36]MONTGOMERY J.Making a city:Urbanity,vitality and urban design[J].Journal of Urban Design,1998,3(1):93-116.
[37]扬?盖尔.交往与空间[M].何可人,译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1986:77.
[38]MONTGOMERY J.Editorial urban vitality and the culture of cities[J].Planning Practice and Research,1995,10(2):101-199.
[2]赵茜,李珎.传统街区公共空间的保护与利用--以钦州市骑楼街区为例[J].华中建筑,2015,33(3):127-131.
[3]GEHL J.Life between buildings[M].London:Island press,1971.
[4]叶宇,庄宇.新区空间形态与活力的演化假说:基于街道可达性、建筑密度和形态以及功能混合度的整合分析[J].国际城市规划,2017,32(2):43-49.
[5]ZHOU J.Urban vitality in dutch and chinese new towns:a comparative study between almere and tongzhou[M].Tu Delft:A+BE Publisher,2012.
[6]BERGHAUSER P M,HAUPT P.Spacematrix:space,denseity and urban form[M].Rotterdam:NAi Publishers,2010.
[7]JACOBS J.The death and life of great american cities[M].American:Modern Library,2011.
[8]陈秉钊.城市风貌与特色-从街道美学说起[J].规划师,2009,25(12):8-11.
[9]单皓.美国新城市主义[J].建筑师,2003(3):4-19.
[10]庄程宇,丁蔓琪.独特的传统街道过渡空间-湖北孝昌小河镇街廊解析[J].建筑学报,2007(8):95-97.
[11]李玲玲,庞朝伟.旧城主街更新设计策略--文化回归背景下的街道再生路径[J].规划师,2014,30(增5):101-108.
[12]胡莹,张霖.传统街巷空间意象的延续[J].规划师,2003,19(6):36-39.
[13]匡晓明,徐伟.基于规划管理的城市街道界面控制方法探索[J].规划师,2012,28(6):70-75.
[14]贾文跃,周武夫,赖平平.城市街道空间规划和管理研究:以温州为例[C]//2016中国城市规划年会论文集.2016:6-8.
[15]苟爱萍,王江波.基于SD法的街道空间活力评价研究[J].规划师,2011,27(10):102-106.
[16]蒋涤非.城市形态活力论[M].南京:东南大学出版社,2007.
[17]杜锦.汉正街自建住区非正规化街道空间研究[D].南京:南京大学,2011:31-32.
[18]CANTER D.Understanding,assessing,and acting in places:Is an integrative framework possible?[M].NewYork:Oxford University Press,1991.
[19]曹根荣,卓健.彰显规划关怀的包容性街道规划建设策略[J].国际规划师,2017,33(9):16-21.
[20]中国大百科全书出版社简明不列颠百科全书编辑部.简明不列颠百科全书(第六卷)[Z].北京:中国大百科全书出版社,1978.
[21]秦红岭.理想主义与人本主义:近现代西方城市规划理论的价值诉求[J].现代城市研究,2009(11):36-41.
[22]牛玉,汪德根.基于游客视角的历史街区旅游发展模式影响机理及创新--以苏州平江路为例[J].地理研究,2015,34(1):181-196.
[23]张益川.“人本主义”理念下历史街区保护与更新策略--以衢州水亭门历史街区为例[J].中外建筑,2009(11):144-147.
[24]李中轩,徐永新.人本主义视角下的许昌历史街区景观演替的特征[J].许昌学院学报,2009,36(5):106-110.
[25]乔杰,洪亮平,王莹.生态与人本语境下乡村规划的层次与逻辑--基于鄂西山区的调查与实践[J].现代城市发展研究,2016,23(6):88-97.
[26]刘晓曼,罗小龙,许骁.历史街区保护与社会公平--基于居住者需求的视角[J].城市问题,2014(12):32-37.
[27]徐小波,吴必虎.历史街区旅游开发与居民生活环境发展研究--以扬州”双东”历史街区为例[J].人文地理,2013(6):133-141.
[28]苏静,陆林.城市文化街区功能演化研究[J].人文地理,2010(2):70-73.
[29]马水静.基于中心地理论的北京城市街道活力研究[D].北京:北京工业大学,2009:37-38.
[30]克里夫·芒福汀.城市设计:街道与广场[M].张永刚,陆卫东,译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2004:90-168.
[31]卢哲,汤朝晖.台北街道的历史与现状及街道的再认知[J].南方建筑,2016(3):56-62.
[32]赵宝静.浅议人性化的街道设计[J].城市研究,2016(2):59-63.
[33]BAKER R G,WOOD S.Towards robust development of retail planning policy:maintaining the viability and vitality of main street shopping precincts[J].Geographical Research,2010,48(1):65-74.
[34]方榕.生活性街道的要素空间特征及规划设计方法[J].上海城市规划,2015(12):46-51.
[35]MARCH A,RIJAL Y,WILKINSON S,et al.Measuring building adaptability and street vitality[J].Planning Practice and Research,2012,27(5):531-552.
[36]MONTGOMERY J.Making a city:Urbanity,vitality and urban design[J].Journal of Urban Design,1998,3(1):93-116.
[37]扬?盖尔.交往与空间[M].何可人,译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1986:77.
[38]MONTGOMERY J.Editorial urban vitality and the culture of cities[J].Planning Practice and Research,1995,10(2):101-199.