改性聚氨酯上浆剂对碳纤维与环氧树脂界面性能的影响
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摘要
以硅烷偶联剂为媒介,将CH_2-C(CH_3)CO_2(CH_2)_3基团引入聚氨酯上浆剂中,合成改性聚氨酯碳纤维上浆剂,对碳纤维表面进行上浆改性。探讨改性聚氨酯上浆剂对碳纤维表面性能的影响。通过扫描电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱、接触角测量、力学性能测试对碳纤维表面形貌、含氧官能团、纤维与树脂之间的接触角及复合材料的层间剪切性能进行了分析和研究。结果表明,经改性聚氨酯上浆后的碳纤维表面活性基团增加,碳纤维与树脂之间的润湿性提高,复合材料的界面剪切强度增加;当上浆浓度为1%时碳纤维表面光滑,与树脂之间的润湿角最小,层间剪切强度比上浆处理前提高了16.3%。
The modified polyurethane sizing agent for carbon fiber was synthetized that the silane coupling agent was used as medium to introduce CH_2-C(CH_3)CO_2(CH_2)_3 groups into the polyurethane sizing agent, then the surface of carbon fiber was modified. Investigated and analysed the effects of modified polyurethane sizing agent on surface properties of carbon fiber. The surface morphology of carbon fiber, oxygen-containing functional group, contact angle between fiber and resin, interlaminar shear properties of composite materials were obtained via scanning electron microscope, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR), contact angle measurement, universal mechanical testing machine. The results show that the number of active groups is increased on the surface of carbon fiber after sized with modified polyurethane, the wettability between carbon fiber and resin is improved, and the interfacial shear strength of composite materials is increased. The surface of carbon fiber is smooth, the wetting angle between carbon fiber and resin is the minimum when the sizing concentration is 1%, the interlayer shear strength of carbon fiber and epoxy resin is increased by 16.3% than before the sizing treatment.
The modified polyurethane sizing agent for carbon fiber was synthetized that the silane coupling agent was used as medium to introduce CH_2-C(CH_3)CO_2(CH_2)_3 groups into the polyurethane sizing agent, then the surface of carbon fiber was modified. Investigated and analysed the effects of modified polyurethane sizing agent on surface properties of carbon fiber. The surface morphology of carbon fiber, oxygen-containing functional group, contact angle between fiber and resin, interlaminar shear properties of composite materials were obtained via scanning electron microscope, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR), contact angle measurement, universal mechanical testing machine. The results show that the number of active groups is increased on the surface of carbon fiber after sized with modified polyurethane, the wettability between carbon fiber and resin is improved, and the interfacial shear strength of composite materials is increased. The surface of carbon fiber is smooth, the wetting angle between carbon fiber and resin is the minimum when the sizing concentration is 1%, the interlayer shear strength of carbon fiber and epoxy resin is increased by 16.3% than before the sizing treatment.
引文
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[2] Guo C C, Zhao Y, Chen D, et al. Effect of sizing agent on interfacial shear strength of carbon fibre composites[J]. Mater. Res. Innovations, 2014, 18: 997-1002.
[3] Ge H, Ma X, Liu H. Preparation of emulsion-type thermo tolerant sizing agent for carbon fiber and the interfacial properties of carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite[J]. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2015, 132: 1-9.
[4] 贺福, 赵建国, 王润娥,等.碳纤维开发与碳纤维原丝质量[J].新型碳材料, 1998, 13(1): 64-74.He F,Zhao J G, Wang R E, et al. Development of carbon fiber and quality of pristine carbon fiber[J]. New Carbon Materials,1998, 13(1): 64-74.
[5] 王茂章, 贺福. 碳纤维的制造、性质及应用[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1984: 70-81.
[6] Zhang R L, Huang Y D, Liu L, et al. Effect of emulsifier content of sizing agent on the surface of carbon fibres and interface of its composites[J]. Appl. Surf. Sci., 2011, 257:3519-3523.
[7] 原浩杰,张寿春,吕春祥.上浆剂对碳纤维复合材料界面结合影响的研究进展[J].化工新型材料,2014, 42(10): 1-3.Yuan H J, Zhang S C, Lü C X. Research progress on the effect of sizing agents on interfacial bonding of carbon fiber composites[J].Chemical New Materials. 2014, 42(10): 1-3.
[8] Guo Y H,Li S C, Wang G S.Properties and application of waterborne polyurethane/starch composite surface sizing agent[J]. Adv. Mater. Res., 2011, 317/318/319: 15-18.
[9] Seung K R, Byung J P, Soo J P. XPS analysis of carbonfiber surfaces-anodized and interfacial effects in fiber-epoxy composites[J]. J. Colloid Interface Sci., 1999, 215: 167-169.
[10] 张照, 曹硕, 朱姝, 等. 纺织结构碳纤维增强聚醚醚酮基复合材料的制备及界面改性[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2017, 33(10): 141-148.Zhang Z, Cao S, Zhu S, et al. Preparation and interface modification of textile structural carbon fiber reinforced polyether ether ketone matrix composites[J]. Polymer Materials Science & Engineering, 2017, 33(10): 141-148.