T形槽气膜密封槽底粗糙度有序造型的扰流效应
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摘要
为研究槽底粗糙度有序造型设计对干气密封微尺度流场的影响,通过将矩形体粗糙元近似为槽深变化,同时依据流体泵入方向进行有序等值延展,建立三维几何模型,并通过Fluent软件进行模拟验证。选择T形槽干气密封(T-DGS)为目标槽型,对槽底粗糙度有序造型设计进行扰流特性分析。结果表明:粗糙度有序造型的定向调节设计对干气密封性能的影响显著,微造型结构的槽底具有较好的导流效应,在一定条件下可有效提升密封开启性能,降低密封副干磨损风险;采用槽底粗糙度有序微造型设计的T形槽干气密封,在高压、高速、小膜厚和微槽深时较无微造型T形槽干气密封具有更优异的密封性能;但当转速超过一定范围时,微造型结构的扰流效会起到主导作用,使开启力迅速降低。
In order to study the effect of the ordered design of the bottom roughness on the micro-scale flow field of dry gas seal,the simulation and turbulence analysis were conducted through Fluent software.By approximating the rough element of the rectangular body to the deep change of the groove,and based on the direction of the fluid pump in order,the three-dimensional geometric model was established,and the simulation verification was carried out by Fluent software.Choosing T-groove dry gas seal(DGS) as the target groove type,the disturbed flow effects of roughness ordered design of T-groove dry gas seal were studied.The results show that the direction-regulation design of roughness order shape has significant influence on the performance of dry gas seal.The bottom of the groove with ordered micro modeling has good flow effect,which can effectively improve the sealing opening performance of T-groove dry gas seal,and reduce the risk of the sealing accessory dry wear under certain conditions.T-groove dry gas seal with the design of roughness order shape has better sealing performance at high pressure,high speed,small film thickness and deep groove depth than normal T-groove dry gas seal.However,when the rotational speed exceeds a certain range,the disturbance effect of micro-moulding structure will play a leading role and the opening force will be reduced rapidly.
In order to study the effect of the ordered design of the bottom roughness on the micro-scale flow field of dry gas seal,the simulation and turbulence analysis were conducted through Fluent software.By approximating the rough element of the rectangular body to the deep change of the groove,and based on the direction of the fluid pump in order,the three-dimensional geometric model was established,and the simulation verification was carried out by Fluent software.Choosing T-groove dry gas seal(DGS) as the target groove type,the disturbed flow effects of roughness ordered design of T-groove dry gas seal were studied.The results show that the direction-regulation design of roughness order shape has significant influence on the performance of dry gas seal.The bottom of the groove with ordered micro modeling has good flow effect,which can effectively improve the sealing opening performance of T-groove dry gas seal,and reduce the risk of the sealing accessory dry wear under certain conditions.T-groove dry gas seal with the design of roughness order shape has better sealing performance at high pressure,high speed,small film thickness and deep groove depth than normal T-groove dry gas seal.However,when the rotational speed exceeds a certain range,the disturbance effect of micro-moulding structure will play a leading role and the opening force will be reduced rapidly.
引文
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[16]SLAWOMIR B,ANDRIY V Z.A parametric and dynamic analysis of non-contacting gas face seals with modified surfaces[J].Tribology International,2016,94:126-137.
[17]国家标准局.干气密封技术条件:JB/T 11289-2012[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2012.
[18]任晓,吴承伟,周平.粗糙表面的气体密封性能研究[J].机械工程学报,2010,46(16):176-181.REN X,WU C W,ZHOU P.Gas sealing performance study of rough surface[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2010,46(16):176-181.
[19]马晨波,朱华,孙见君.考虑粗糙度影响的表面织构最优参数设计模型[J].华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),2011,39(8):14-18.MA C B,ZHU H,SUN J J.Optimal design model of surface texture with surface roughness considered[J].Journal of Huazhong University of Science&Technology(Natural Science Edition),2011,39(8):14-18.
[20]郝木明.机械密封技术及应用[M].北京:中国石化出版社,2010:80.
[21]SUN J J,MA C B,YU Q P,et al.Numerical analysis on a new pump-out hydrodynamic mechanical seal[J].Tribology International,2017,106:62-70.
[22]WANG B,ZHANG H Q,CAO H J.Flow dynamics of a spiral groove dry gas seal[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2013,26(1):78-84.
[23]丁雪兴,张鹏高,黄义仿,等.螺旋槽干气密封微间隙流场的CFD数值模拟[J].化工机械,2008,36(5):287-290.DING X X,ZHANG P G,HUANG Y F,et al.Numerical simulation of computational fluid dynamics(CFD)of the microscale flow field in the spiral groove dry gas seals[J].Chemical Engineering&Machinery,2008,36(5):287-290.
[24]王福军.计算流体动力学分析[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004.
[25]RUAN B.Finite element analysis of the spiral groove gas face seal at the slow speed and the low pressure conditions slip flow consideration[J].Tribology Transactions,2000,43(3):411-418.
[26]李仁年,沈建锋,韩伟,等.T形槽干气密封内微流动特性的数值计算[J].兰州理工大学学报,2009,35(5):42-46.LI R N,SHEN J F,HAN W,et al.Numerical evaluation of micro-channel flow characteristics in T-groove dry gas seal[J].Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology,2009,35(5):42-46.
[27]陈汇龙,刘志斌,赵斌娟,等.表面粗糙度对多孔端面机械密封膜压的影响[J].润滑与密封,2014,39(10):16-21.CHEN H L,LIU Z B,ZHAO B J,et al.Effect of surface roughness on fluid film pressure of laser surface textured mechanical seal[J].Lubrication Engineering,2014,39(10):16-21.
[2]POLYCARPOU A,ETSION I.Static sealing performance of gas mechanical seals including surface roughness and rarefaction effects[J].Tribology Transactions,1998,41(4):531-536.
[3]STOLARSKI T A,XUE Y.Performance study of a back depression mechanical dry gas seal[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part J.Journal of Engineering Tribology,1998,212(4):279-290.
[4]PATIR N,CHENG H S.An average flow model for determining effects of three-dimensional roughness on partial hydro dynamic lubrication[J].ASME Journal of Lubrication Technology,1978,100(1):12-17.
[5]ELORD H G.A general theory or laminar lubrication with Reynolds roughness[J].ASME Journal of Lubrication Technology,1979,101(4):12-17.
[6]TRIPP J H.Surface roughness effects in hydro dynamic lubrication:the flow factor method[J].ASME Journal of Lubrication Technology,1983,105(3):458-465.
[7]TONDER K.A numerical assessment of the effect striated roughness on gas lubrication[J].ASME Journal of Tribology,1984,106(3):315-321.
[8]HU Y Z,ZHENG L Q.Some aspects in determining the flow factors[J].ASME Journal of Tribology,1989,111(3):525-531.
[9]MAKINOT,MOROHOSHI S,TANIGUCHI S.Application of average flow model to thin film gas lubrication[J].ASME Journal of Tribology,1993,115(1):185-190.
[10]冯向忠,彭旭东.表面粗糙度对螺旋槽干式气体密封性能的影响[J].润滑与密封,2006,31(1):20-22.FENG X Z,PENG X D.Effect of surface roughness on performance of a spiral groove gas seal[J].Lubrication Engineering,2006,31(1):20-22.
[11]彭旭东,李纪云,盛颂恩,等.表面粗糙度对螺旋槽干式气体端面密封性能预测与结构优化的影响[J].摩擦学学报,2007,27(6):567-572.PENG X D,LI J Y,SHENG S E,et al.Effect of surface roughness on performance prediction and geometric optimization of a spiral-groove face seal[J].Tribology,2007,27(6):567-572.
[12]刘梦静,彭旭东,白少先.考虑表面粗糙度的干气密封边界膜滑移效应分析[J].润滑与密封,2016,41(3):31-37.LIU M J,PENG X D,BAI S X.Effects of random roughness on boundary slip of dry gas seals[J].Lubrication Engineering,2016,41(3):31-37.
[13]宋鹏云,胡晓鹏,许恒杰.实际气体对T槽干气密封动态特性的影响[J].化工学报,2014,65(4):1344-1352.SONG P Y,HU X P,XU H J.Effect of real gas on dynamic performance of T-groove dry gas seal[J].CIESC Journal,2014,65(4):1344-1352.
[14]宋鹏云,张帅,许恒杰.同时考虑实际气体效应和滑移流效应螺旋槽干气密封性能分析[J].化工学报,2016,67(4):1405-1415.SONG P Y,ZHANG S,XU H J.Analysis of performance of spiral groove dry gas seal considered effects of both real gas and slip flow[J].CIESC Journal,2016,67(4):1405-1415.
[15]李伟,宋鹏云,曹登峰,等.低速运转气膜机械密封端面粗糙度对其密封性能的影响[J].润滑与密封,2006,31(10):87-91.LI W,SONG P Y,CAO D F,et al.The influence of roughness of seal face on the operating performance of gas face seal at slow speed[J].Lubrication Engineering,2006,31(10):87-91.
[16]SLAWOMIR B,ANDRIY V Z.A parametric and dynamic analysis of non-contacting gas face seals with modified surfaces[J].Tribology International,2016,94:126-137.
[17]国家标准局.干气密封技术条件:JB/T 11289-2012[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2012.
[18]任晓,吴承伟,周平.粗糙表面的气体密封性能研究[J].机械工程学报,2010,46(16):176-181.REN X,WU C W,ZHOU P.Gas sealing performance study of rough surface[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2010,46(16):176-181.
[19]马晨波,朱华,孙见君.考虑粗糙度影响的表面织构最优参数设计模型[J].华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),2011,39(8):14-18.MA C B,ZHU H,SUN J J.Optimal design model of surface texture with surface roughness considered[J].Journal of Huazhong University of Science&Technology(Natural Science Edition),2011,39(8):14-18.
[20]郝木明.机械密封技术及应用[M].北京:中国石化出版社,2010:80.
[21]SUN J J,MA C B,YU Q P,et al.Numerical analysis on a new pump-out hydrodynamic mechanical seal[J].Tribology International,2017,106:62-70.
[22]WANG B,ZHANG H Q,CAO H J.Flow dynamics of a spiral groove dry gas seal[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2013,26(1):78-84.
[23]丁雪兴,张鹏高,黄义仿,等.螺旋槽干气密封微间隙流场的CFD数值模拟[J].化工机械,2008,36(5):287-290.DING X X,ZHANG P G,HUANG Y F,et al.Numerical simulation of computational fluid dynamics(CFD)of the microscale flow field in the spiral groove dry gas seals[J].Chemical Engineering&Machinery,2008,36(5):287-290.
[24]王福军.计算流体动力学分析[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004.
[25]RUAN B.Finite element analysis of the spiral groove gas face seal at the slow speed and the low pressure conditions slip flow consideration[J].Tribology Transactions,2000,43(3):411-418.
[26]李仁年,沈建锋,韩伟,等.T形槽干气密封内微流动特性的数值计算[J].兰州理工大学学报,2009,35(5):42-46.LI R N,SHEN J F,HAN W,et al.Numerical evaluation of micro-channel flow characteristics in T-groove dry gas seal[J].Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology,2009,35(5):42-46.
[27]陈汇龙,刘志斌,赵斌娟,等.表面粗糙度对多孔端面机械密封膜压的影响[J].润滑与密封,2014,39(10):16-21.CHEN H L,LIU Z B,ZHAO B J,et al.Effect of surface roughness on fluid film pressure of laser surface textured mechanical seal[J].Lubrication Engineering,2014,39(10):16-21.