基于级联光栅的X射线相衬成像实验研究
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摘要
为避免小周期高宽比吸收光栅的制作,提出了由泰伯-劳干涉仪和逆泰伯-劳干涉仪组成的级联光栅X射线相衬成像装置,该装置利用泰伯-劳干涉仪的自成像作为逆泰伯-劳干涉仪的源.通过实验验证了该方法的有效性,得到了成像系统的莫尔条纹和强度振荡曲线.条纹最高对比度为17.4%,随着吸收光栅偏离零点位置,条纹对比度逐渐降低,但是在其位置跨越从-17mm到12mm的范围内,条纹对比度仍保持在10%以上.实验讨论了样品位置对成像灵敏度的影响,结果表明当样品位置靠近相位光栅两侧时,其成像灵敏度最高.本文的研究可应用于生物医学成像的大视场X射线相衬成像系统的设计.
A cascade interferometer for X-ray phase-contrast imaging composed by a Talbot-Lau interferometer and an inverse Talbot-Lau interferometer was implemented,which the self-image of Talbot-Lau interferometer being used as the source of the inverse Talbot-Lau interferometer,with the purpose to avoid the fabrication of small-period high aspect-ratio absorption gratings.Experiments validated the method,while moire fringes and intensity oscillation curves of the imaging system are obtained.The maximum visibility of the fringes was 17.4%.With the absorption grating deviating from the zero position,the visibility of the fringes decreased gradually.But it remained above 10%,when the position of the absorption grating spaned from-17 mm to 12 mm.And the angular sensitivity as a function of the sample position was discussed.Results show that the highest sensitivity is obtained,when the investigated object is close to the phase grating.This will be useful for designing an X-ray phasecontrast imaging system for applications of biomedical imaging in large field of view.
A cascade interferometer for X-ray phase-contrast imaging composed by a Talbot-Lau interferometer and an inverse Talbot-Lau interferometer was implemented,which the self-image of Talbot-Lau interferometer being used as the source of the inverse Talbot-Lau interferometer,with the purpose to avoid the fabrication of small-period high aspect-ratio absorption gratings.Experiments validated the method,while moire fringes and intensity oscillation curves of the imaging system are obtained.The maximum visibility of the fringes was 17.4%.With the absorption grating deviating from the zero position,the visibility of the fringes decreased gradually.But it remained above 10%,when the position of the absorption grating spaned from-17 mm to 12 mm.And the angular sensitivity as a function of the sample position was discussed.Results show that the highest sensitivity is obtained,when the investigated object is close to the phase grating.This will be useful for designing an X-ray phasecontrast imaging system for applications of biomedical imaging in large field of view.
引文
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[20] NAOKI M,SHO F,KENICHI O,et al.X-ray phase contrast imaging by compact Talbot-Lau interferometer with a single transmission grating[J].Optics Letters,2014,39(15):4297-4300.
[21] MOMOSE A,YASHIRO W,KUWABARA H,et al.Grating-based X-ray phase imaging using multiline X-ray source[J].Japanese Journal of Applied Physics,2009,48:076512.
[2] DAVIS T J,GAO D,GUREYEV T E,et al.Phase-contrast imaging of weakly absorbing materials using hard X-rays[J].Nature,1995,373:595-598.
[3] WILKINS S W,GUREYEV T E,GAO D,et al.Phase-contrast imaging using polychromatic hard X-rays[J].Nature,1996,384:335-338.
[4] OLIVO A,SPELLER R.A coded-aperture technique allowing X-ray phase contrast imaging with conventional sources[J].Applied Physics Letters,2007,91:074106.
[5] DAVID C,NOHAMMER B,SOLAK H H.Differential X-ray phase contrast imaging using shearing interferometer[J].Applied Physics Letters,2002,81:3287-3289.
[6] MOMOSE A,KAWAMOTO S,KOYAMA I,et al.Demonstration of X-Ray talbot interferometry[J].Japanese Journal of Applied Physics,2003,42:866-868.
[7] PFEIFFER F,WEITKAMP T,BUNK O I,et al.Phase retrieval and differential phase-contrast imaging with lowbrilliance X-ray sources[J].Nature Physics,2006,2:258-261.
[8] ZAMBELLI J,BEVINS N,QI Z I,et al.Radiation dose efficiency comparison between differential phase contrast CT and conventional absorption CT[J].Medical Physics,2010,37:2473-2479.
[9] ZHU P,ZHANG K,WANG Z I,et al.Low-dose,simple,and fast grating-based X-ray phase-contrast imaging[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2010,107:13576-13581.
[10] DU Y,LIU X,LEI Y,et al.Non-absorption grating approach for X-ray phase contrast imaging[J].Optics Express,2011,19:22669-22674.
[11] MARCO S,ZHENTIAN W,THOMAS T I,et al.The first analysis and clinical evaluation of native breast tissue using differential phase-contrast mammography[J].Investigative Radiology,2011,46(12):801-806.
[12] SUSANNE G,MARIAN W,JULIA H I,et al.Evaluation of phase-contrast CT of breast tissue at conventional X-ray sources-presentation of selected findings[J].Zeitschrift für Medizinische Physik,2013,10451:1-10.
[13] ATSUSHI M,WATARU Y,KAZUHIRO K I,et al.X-ray phase imaging:from synchrotron to hospital[J].Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A,2014,372:1-7.
[14] HUANG Jian-heng,LEI Yao-hu,YU Yang,et al.Quantitative calculation of fringe visibility in bismuth grating-based X-ray phase-contrast imaging[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2017,37(4):0434001.黄建衡,雷耀虎,杜杨,等.铋光栅X射线相衬成像条纹对比度的定量计算[J].光学学报,2017,37(4):0434001.
[15] LIU Xin,GUO Jin-chuan.Arrayed source in differential phase contrast imaging[J].Acta Photonica Sinica,2011,40(2):242-246.刘鑫,郭金川.微分相衬成像阵列光源[J].光子学报,2011,40(2):242-246.
[16] ZHAO Zhi-gang,WANG Ru,LEI Yao-hu,et al.Fine adjustable non-glued fiber optic taper array coupled digital X-ray detector[J].Acta Photonica Sinica,2015,44(5):0504001.赵志刚,王茹,雷耀虎,等.可微调非粘结光锥阵列耦合数字X射线探测器[J].光子学报,2015,44(5):0504001.
[17] DONATH T,CHABIOR M,PFEIFFER F I,et al.Inverse geometry for grating-based x-ray phase-contrast imaging[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2009,106:054703.
[18] MOMOSE A,KUWABARA H,YASHIRO W.X-ray phase imaging using lau effect[J].Applied Physics Express,2011,4:066603.
[19] SHIMURA T,MORIMOTO N,FUJINO S,et al.Hard x-ray phase contrast imaging using a tabletop Talbot-Lau interferome ter with multiline embedded x-ray targets[J].Optics Letters,2013,38(2):157-159.
[20] NAOKI M,SHO F,KENICHI O,et al.X-ray phase contrast imaging by compact Talbot-Lau interferometer with a single transmission grating[J].Optics Letters,2014,39(15):4297-4300.
[21] MOMOSE A,YASHIRO W,KUWABARA H,et al.Grating-based X-ray phase imaging using multiline X-ray source[J].Japanese Journal of Applied Physics,2009,48:076512.