某引信及其等效构件的慢速烤燃研究
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摘要
为研究引信传爆序列的烤燃特性,建立简化的等效模型,以装填1,1-二氨基-2,2-二硝基乙烯(FOX-7)导爆药和传爆药的某引信为研究对象,进行升温速率为3. 3℃/h的烤燃试验。设计两种等效方案,对两种等效构件进行相同的烤燃试验。在试验基础上建立等效构件的烤燃模型,通过数值模拟研究了传爆序列的点火顺序。运用传热学理论分析点火机理,解释了传爆药先点火的原因。结果表明:外壁底部温度为177. 1℃时发生点火;两种等效构件响应结果与全引信响应结果相同,均为爆燃反应,且破片状态基本一致,等效方案可行;点火点在传爆药中心,传爆药燃烧引起导爆药发生爆燃反应;当导爆药与传爆药为同一炸药时,引信烤燃过程中一般为传爆药先点火。
A simplified equivalent model is established to study the cook-off characteristics of detonation train of fuze. The cook-off test with a heating rate of 3. 3 ℃/h was carried out for a fuze filled with FOX-7 lead and booster explosoves. Two equivalent schemes were designed for the same cook-off test of the equivalent components. On the basis of the experiment,a cook-off model of the equivalent components is established,and the ignition sequence of the detonation train is studied through numerical simulation.The heat transfer theory is used to analyze the ignition mechanism,and explain the ignition cause of booster explosive. The results show that the ignition occurs when the temperature at the bottom of the outer wall is 177. 1 ℃. The responses of two equivalent components are the same as that of the full fuze.They are all deflagration reactions,and the fragmentation status is basically the same. The equivalent scheme is feasible. The ignition point is in the center of booster explosive,and the combustion of booster explosive causes the deflagration reaction of lead explosive. The lead explosive is generally ignited firstly during cook-off when the lead and booster explosives are the same.
A simplified equivalent model is established to study the cook-off characteristics of detonation train of fuze. The cook-off test with a heating rate of 3. 3 ℃/h was carried out for a fuze filled with FOX-7 lead and booster explosoves. Two equivalent schemes were designed for the same cook-off test of the equivalent components. On the basis of the experiment,a cook-off model of the equivalent components is established,and the ignition sequence of the detonation train is studied through numerical simulation.The heat transfer theory is used to analyze the ignition mechanism,and explain the ignition cause of booster explosive. The results show that the ignition occurs when the temperature at the bottom of the outer wall is 177. 1 ℃. The responses of two equivalent components are the same as that of the full fuze.They are all deflagration reactions,and the fragmentation status is basically the same. The equivalent scheme is feasible. The ignition point is in the center of booster explosive,and the combustion of booster explosive causes the deflagration reaction of lead explosive. The lead explosive is generally ignited firstly during cook-off when the lead and booster explosives are the same.
引文
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[2]施坤林,黄峥,牛兰杰,等.引信的三大基础技术与发展要求[J].探测与控制学报,2018,40(1):1-4.SHI K L,HUANG Z,NIU L J,et al. Three underlying technologies and developing requirements of fuze[J]. Journal of Detection&Control,2018,40(1):1-4.(in Chinese)
[3]殷瑱,王雨时,闻泉,等.不敏感弹药及其引信技术发展综述[J].探测与控制学报,2017,39(3):1-11.YIN Z,WANG Y S,WEN Q,et al. Overview on the development of insensitive munitions and fuze[J]. Journal of Detection&Control,2017,39(3):1-11.(in Chinese)
[4]刘志强. HMX基PBX钝感传爆药的制备及性能研究[D].太原:中北大学,2018.LIU Z Q. Study on preparation and properties of HMX-based PBX Insensitive Booster[D]. Taiyuan:North University of China,2018.(in Chinese)
[5]唐鑫,袁俊明,刘玉存,等.聚奥-9C装药的引信传爆管快速烤燃实验及数值模拟[J].装甲兵工程学院学报,2017,31(1):61-65.TANG X,YUAN J M,LIU Y C,et al. Fast cook-off test and numerical simulation of JO-9C charge of fuze booster[J]. Journal of Academy of Armored Force Engineering,2017,31(1):61-65.(in Chinese)
[6]袁俊明,张林炎,唐鑫,等.小型传爆装置慢燃实验及数值计算[J].兵工学报,2017,38(8):1541-1546.YUAN J M,ZHANG L Y,TANG X,et al. Cook-off test and numerical simulation of small booster device of fuze[J]. Acta Armamentarii,2017,38(8):1541-1546.(in Chinese)
[7] Non-nuclear ammunitions tests of risk assessment:MIL-STD-2105B[S]. Washington,DC,US:US Department of Defense,1994.
[8] Fluent Inc.. FLUENT user's guide[M]. US:Fluent Inc.,2006.
[9]杨筱,智小琦,杨宝良,等.装药尺寸及结构对HTPE推进剂烤燃特性的影响[J].火炸药学报,2016,39(6):84-89.YANG X,ZHI X Q,YANG B L,et al. Influences of charging size and structure on cook-off characteristics of HTPE propellant[J]. Chinese Journal of Explosives&Propellants,2016,39(6):84-89.(in Chinese)
[10]冯长根.热爆炸理论[M].北京:科学出版社,1988:97-146.FENG C G. Thermal explosion theory[M]. Beijing:Science Press,1988:97-146.(in Chinese)
[11]付秋菠. 1,1-二氨基-2,2-二硝基乙烯的合成及其性能研究[D].成都:四川大学,2007.FU Q B. Study on syntheses and performances of 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene[D]. Chengdu:Sichuan University,2007.(in Chinese)
[12]徐抗震,宋纪蓉,赵凤起,等. 1,1-二氨基-2,2-二硝基乙烯的比热容、热力学性质及绝热至爆时间研究[J].化学学报,2007,65(24):2827-2831.XU K Z,SONG J R,ZHAO F Q,et al. Special heat capacity,thermodynamic properties and adiabatic time-to-explosion of 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene[J]. Acta Chimica Sinica,2007,65(24):2827-2831.(in Chinese)
[13] STMARK H,LANGLET A,BERGMAN H,et al. FOX-7-a new explosive with low sensitivity and high performance[C]∥Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Detonation.Washington,DC,US:Office of Naval Research,Department of the Navy,1998.
[14]张宝钅平,张庆明,黄风雷.爆轰物理学[M].北京:兵器工业出版社,2009:434.ZHANG B P,ZHANG Q M,HUANG F L. Detonation physics[M]. Beijing:Publishing House of Ordnance Industry,2009:434.(in Chinese)