环境对冬季设施栽培草莓光合特性的影响
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摘要
【目的】探明冬季设施栽培下3个草莓品种花果期的叶片光合特性.【方法】利用便携式光合仪测定光合作用指标,分析环境因素对净光合速率(Pn)日变化的影响.【结果】‘红颜’‘法兰地’‘宁玉’草莓叶片Pn日变化均为单峰曲线;‘红颜’光合能力优于‘法兰地’和‘宁玉’,其Pn日最高值与日均值分别为14.81和10.19μmol/(m2·s),分别较‘法兰地’高16.49%和22.20%,较‘宁玉’高16.99%和11.78%;光合有效辐射、空气CO2浓度和蒸腾速率具有正向调控作用,是草莓Pn的决定因素;而高的叶面温度具有负向调控作用,是限制因素.【结论】在冬季设施栽培条件下,12∶00~14∶00时段叶面温度约为35℃,14∶00后光合有效辐射从最高值快速降低,可通过适当通风降温,适时适量补光的方式提高光合效率.
【Objective】To better understand the leaf photosynthetic characteristics of 3 strawberry cultivars in flowering and fruiting periods under greenhouse conditions in winter.【Method】The gas exchange parameters were measured by using aportable photosynthesis meter,and the effects of environmental factors on net photosynthetic rates(Pn)were analyzed.【Result】The diurnal changes of Pnin leaf of 3 strawberry(Fragaria×ananassa)cultivars(‘Hongyan',‘Falandi'and‘Ningyu')were all single-peak curves.The photosynthetic ability of‘Hongyan'was better than others.The highest and average daily value of Pn in‘Hongyan'were 14.81μmol/(m2·s)and 10.19μmol/(m2·s),which were 16.49% and 22.20%,and16.99% and 11.78% higher than‘Falandi'and‘Ningyu'respectively.The regulatory effectives of photosynthetic active radiation,air CO2 concentration,and transpiration rate on Pnwere positive,while high leaf temperature had a negative regulatory role,which was a limiting factor.【Conclusion】Under the facility cultivation conditions in winter,the leaf temperature was about 35 ℃from 12∶00 to 14∶00,and the photo-synthetic active radiation declined rapidly from 537.49μmol/(m2·s)after 14∶00.The photosynthetic efficiency can be improved by appropriate ventilating and proper replenishing light.
【Objective】To better understand the leaf photosynthetic characteristics of 3 strawberry cultivars in flowering and fruiting periods under greenhouse conditions in winter.【Method】The gas exchange parameters were measured by using aportable photosynthesis meter,and the effects of environmental factors on net photosynthetic rates(Pn)were analyzed.【Result】The diurnal changes of Pnin leaf of 3 strawberry(Fragaria×ananassa)cultivars(‘Hongyan',‘Falandi'and‘Ningyu')were all single-peak curves.The photosynthetic ability of‘Hongyan'was better than others.The highest and average daily value of Pn in‘Hongyan'were 14.81μmol/(m2·s)and 10.19μmol/(m2·s),which were 16.49% and 22.20%,and16.99% and 11.78% higher than‘Falandi'and‘Ningyu'respectively.The regulatory effectives of photosynthetic active radiation,air CO2 concentration,and transpiration rate on Pnwere positive,while high leaf temperature had a negative regulatory role,which was a limiting factor.【Conclusion】Under the facility cultivation conditions in winter,the leaf temperature was about 35 ℃from 12∶00 to 14∶00,and the photo-synthetic active radiation declined rapidly from 537.49μmol/(m2·s)after 14∶00.The photosynthetic efficiency can be improved by appropriate ventilating and proper replenishing light.
引文
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[12]赵密珍,王壮伟,钱亚明,等.草莓新品种‘宁玉’[J].园艺学报,2011,38(7):1411-1412.
[13]宋小园,朱仲元,刘艳伟,等.通径分析在SPSS逐步线性回归中的实现[J].干旱区研究,2016,33(1):108-113.
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[15]燕丽萍,金芳,郑平生.四种草莓光合特性的研究[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2004,39(6):620-624.
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[17]BITHELL S L.Photosynthesis and stomatal conduc tance of five mango cultivars in the seasonally wet dry tropics of northern Australia[J].Scientia Horticulturae,2012,138(2):108-119.
[18]YU H,MURCHIE E H,GONZ lEZ-CARRANZA Z H,et al.Decreased photosynthesis in the erect panicle3(ep3)mutant of rice is associated with reduced stomatal conductance and attenuated guard cell development[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,2015,66(5):1543-1552.
[19]许大全.光合作用气孔限制分析中的一些问题[J].植物生理学报,1997,33(4):241-244.
[20]PALLAS J E.Diurnal changes in transpiration and daily photosynthetic rate of several crop plants[J].Superlattices&Microstructures,2015,85(1):185-197.
[21]赵宏瑾,朱仲元,王喜喜,等.不同生育期榆树净光合速率对生态因子和生理因子的响应[J].生态学报,2016,36(6):1645-1651.
[22]PRULJ N,MOMILOVIV.Characterization of vegetative and grain filling periods of winter wheat by stepwise regression procedure:I.Vegetative period[J].Genetika,2011,43(2):549-558.
[23]郭自春,曾凡江,刘波,等.疏叶骆驼刺和多枝柽柳不同时期光合特性日变化及其与环境因子的关系[J].西北植物学报,2015,35(1):189-198.
[24]ROLEDA M Y,Van d P W H,HANELT D,et al.PAR and UVBR effects on photosynthesis,viability,growth and DNA in different life stages of two coexisting Gigartinales:implications for recruitment and zonation pattern[J].Marine Ecology Progress,2004,281(1):37-50.
[25]戴宏芬,邱燕萍,袁沛元,等.间伐回缩修剪对荔枝叶片光合和蒸腾作用的影响[J].果树学报,2016,33(6):701-708.
[26]王晨光,郝兴宇,李红英,等.CO2浓度升高对大豆光合作用和叶绿素荧光的影响[J].核农学报,2015,29(8):1583-1588.
[27]SMITH N G,DUKES J S.Plant respiration and photosynthesis in global-scale models:incorporating acclimation to temperature and CO2[J].Global Change Biology,2013,19(1):45-63.
[28]SALVUCCI M E,PORTIS A R,OGREN W L.Purification of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase with high specific activity by fast protein liquid chromatography[J].Analytical Biochemistry,1986,153(1):97-101.
[29]CARLEN C,POTEL A M,ANAY A.Photosynthetic response of strawberry leaves to changing temperatures[J].Acta Horticulturae,2009,838:73-76.
[30]PREZ P,MORCUENDE R,MOLINO I M D,et al.Diurnal changes of rubisco in response to elevated CO2,temperature and nitrogen in wheat grown under temperature gradient tunnels[J].Environmental&Experimental Botany,2005,53(1):13-27.
[2]SHAW D V,LARSON K D.Performance of early-generation and modern strawberry cultivars from the University of California breeding programme in growing systems simulating traditional and modern horticulture[J].Journal of Horticultural Science&Biotechnology,2015,83(5):648-652.
[3]KIM S K,KIM D S,KIM D Y,et al.Variation of bioactive compounds content of 14 oriental strawberry cultivars[J].Food Chemistry,2015,184:196-202.
[4]张玲.草莓蔗糖代谢与转运相关基因对果实糖分积累的影响机理[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2017.
[5]牛军强,曹永华,孙文泰,等.陇东旱塬苹果树冠不同部位叶片光合及荧光特性对间伐方式的响应[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2017,52(6):44-50.
[6]YANAGI T,OKAMOTO K,TAKITA S.Effect of blue and red light intensity on photosynthetic rate of strawberry leaves[J].Acta Horticulturae,1996,440(440):371-376.
[7]刘庆,连海峰,刘世琦,等.不同光质LED光源对草莓光合特性、产量及品质的影响[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(6):1743-1750.
[8]杨文,于泽源,李兴国.三个草莓品种光合特性的研究[J].北方园艺,2015(10):50-53.
[9]KAI X U,GUO Y P,ZHANG S L,et al.Effect of light quality on photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence in strawberry leaves[J].Journal of Integrative Agriculture,2004,3(9):678-686.
[10]罗赟,汪佳易,林晓,等.红颜草莓日光温室不同栽植密度试验[J].中国果树,2012(5):37-39.
[11]刘雨佳,彭丽桃,叶俊丽,等.‘法兰地’草莓果实中花色素苷的组成及稳定性[J].华中农业大学学报,2016,35(1):24-30.
[12]赵密珍,王壮伟,钱亚明,等.草莓新品种‘宁玉’[J].园艺学报,2011,38(7):1411-1412.
[13]宋小园,朱仲元,刘艳伟,等.通径分析在SPSS逐步线性回归中的实现[J].干旱区研究,2016,33(1):108-113.
[14]KLAMKOWSKI K,TREDER W,WJCIK K.Effe cts of long-term water stress on leaf gas exchange,growth and yield of three strawberry cultivars[J].Acta Scientiarum Polonorum-Hortorum Cultus,2015,14(6):55-65.
[15]燕丽萍,金芳,郑平生.四种草莓光合特性的研究[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2004,39(6):620-624.
[16]杨文.不同草莓品种光合特性的研究[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2016.
[17]BITHELL S L.Photosynthesis and stomatal conduc tance of five mango cultivars in the seasonally wet dry tropics of northern Australia[J].Scientia Horticulturae,2012,138(2):108-119.
[18]YU H,MURCHIE E H,GONZ lEZ-CARRANZA Z H,et al.Decreased photosynthesis in the erect panicle3(ep3)mutant of rice is associated with reduced stomatal conductance and attenuated guard cell development[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,2015,66(5):1543-1552.
[19]许大全.光合作用气孔限制分析中的一些问题[J].植物生理学报,1997,33(4):241-244.
[20]PALLAS J E.Diurnal changes in transpiration and daily photosynthetic rate of several crop plants[J].Superlattices&Microstructures,2015,85(1):185-197.
[21]赵宏瑾,朱仲元,王喜喜,等.不同生育期榆树净光合速率对生态因子和生理因子的响应[J].生态学报,2016,36(6):1645-1651.
[22]PRULJ N,MOMILOVIV.Characterization of vegetative and grain filling periods of winter wheat by stepwise regression procedure:I.Vegetative period[J].Genetika,2011,43(2):549-558.
[23]郭自春,曾凡江,刘波,等.疏叶骆驼刺和多枝柽柳不同时期光合特性日变化及其与环境因子的关系[J].西北植物学报,2015,35(1):189-198.
[24]ROLEDA M Y,Van d P W H,HANELT D,et al.PAR and UVBR effects on photosynthesis,viability,growth and DNA in different life stages of two coexisting Gigartinales:implications for recruitment and zonation pattern[J].Marine Ecology Progress,2004,281(1):37-50.
[25]戴宏芬,邱燕萍,袁沛元,等.间伐回缩修剪对荔枝叶片光合和蒸腾作用的影响[J].果树学报,2016,33(6):701-708.
[26]王晨光,郝兴宇,李红英,等.CO2浓度升高对大豆光合作用和叶绿素荧光的影响[J].核农学报,2015,29(8):1583-1588.
[27]SMITH N G,DUKES J S.Plant respiration and photosynthesis in global-scale models:incorporating acclimation to temperature and CO2[J].Global Change Biology,2013,19(1):45-63.
[28]SALVUCCI M E,PORTIS A R,OGREN W L.Purification of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase with high specific activity by fast protein liquid chromatography[J].Analytical Biochemistry,1986,153(1):97-101.
[29]CARLEN C,POTEL A M,ANAY A.Photosynthetic response of strawberry leaves to changing temperatures[J].Acta Horticulturae,2009,838:73-76.
[30]PREZ P,MORCUENDE R,MOLINO I M D,et al.Diurnal changes of rubisco in response to elevated CO2,temperature and nitrogen in wheat grown under temperature gradient tunnels[J].Environmental&Experimental Botany,2005,53(1):13-27.