烟草根系分泌物对烟草疫霉菌的抑制作用
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摘要
为明确烟草根系分泌物对烟草疫霉菌的影响,采用液相色谱-质谱联用仪(Liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometry,LC-MS)检测小黄金1025和革新3号根系中共有分泌物含量的变化。通过菌落生长、孢子囊形成、菌丝生长量明确含量差异较大的5种共有根系分泌物对烟草疫霉菌的抑制效果,并利用盆栽试验检测其对烟草黑胫病的防治效果。结果表明,共有根系分泌物中,含量差异较大的化合物为酒石酸、二硝托胺、茉莉酮、棕榈酸和油酸。在低浓度(100μg/mL)条件下,5种化合物对烟草疫霉菌均具有显著的抑制效果,且随浓度的增加其抑制效果增强。酒石酸对菌丝生长、孢子囊形成的抑制率分别为36.72%和50.16%,棕榈酸对菌丝生长量的抑制率为59.86%。酒石酸和棕榈酸对烟草黑胫病的防治效果分别为53.11%和52.70%。因此,烟草根系分泌物中存在抑制烟草疫霉菌生长的物质,且能够在一定程度上防治黑胫病的发生。
To study the effects of tobacco root exudates on Phytophthora nicotianae var. nicotianae, liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometry(LC-MS) was used to measure the contents of common root exudates between Xiaohuangjin 1025 and Gexin 3. Viewing from mycelial growth, sporangia production and mycelial yield, the inhibitory effects of 5 common root exudates whose contents differed significantly between the two varieties were analyzed. A pot experiment was conducted to detect the control effects of 5 common root exudates against tobacco black shank. The results showed that in common root exudates, the contents of tartaric acid, dinitolmide, prohydrojasmon, palmitic acid and oleic acid differed significantly. At a low concentration(100 μg/mL), the inhibition effects of the 5 compounds against P. nicotianae were noticeable. With the increase of concentration, the inhibition effects were raised. The inhibition rates of tartaric acid against mycelial growth and sporangia production were 36.72% and 50.16%, respectively. The inhibition rate of palmitic acid against mycelial yield was 59.86%. The control effect on tartaric acid and palmitic acid against tobacco black shank were 53.11% and 52.70%, respectively. Therefore, tobacco root exudates contain the compounds which can inhibit P. nicotianae and to a certain extent control tobacco black shank disease.
To study the effects of tobacco root exudates on Phytophthora nicotianae var. nicotianae, liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometry(LC-MS) was used to measure the contents of common root exudates between Xiaohuangjin 1025 and Gexin 3. Viewing from mycelial growth, sporangia production and mycelial yield, the inhibitory effects of 5 common root exudates whose contents differed significantly between the two varieties were analyzed. A pot experiment was conducted to detect the control effects of 5 common root exudates against tobacco black shank. The results showed that in common root exudates, the contents of tartaric acid, dinitolmide, prohydrojasmon, palmitic acid and oleic acid differed significantly. At a low concentration(100 μg/mL), the inhibition effects of the 5 compounds against P. nicotianae were noticeable. With the increase of concentration, the inhibition effects were raised. The inhibition rates of tartaric acid against mycelial growth and sporangia production were 36.72% and 50.16%, respectively. The inhibition rate of palmitic acid against mycelial yield was 59.86%. The control effect on tartaric acid and palmitic acid against tobacco black shank were 53.11% and 52.70%, respectively. Therefore, tobacco root exudates contain the compounds which can inhibit P. nicotianae and to a certain extent control tobacco black shank disease.
引文
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[11]冯希杰,马慧霞,陈长军,等.嘧菌酯对油菜菌核病菌的抗菌活性及抗菌机制研究[J].农药学学报,2009,11(2):186-190.FENG Xijie,MA Huixia,CHEN Changjun,et al.Study on fungicidal activity and mechanism of azoxystrobin against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum[J].Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science,2009,11(2):186-190.
[12]GB/T 23222-2008烟草病虫害分级及调查方法[S].GB/T 23222-2008 Grade and investigation method of tobacco diseases and insect pests[S].
[13]韩雪,吴凤芝,潘凯.根系分泌物与土传病害关系之研究综述[J].中国农学通报,2006,22(2):316-318.HAN Xue,WU Fengzhi,PAN Kai.Review on the relation between the root exudates and soil-spread disease[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2006,22(2):316-318.
[14]Shi S J,Richardson A E,O’Callaghan M,et al.Effects of selected root exudate components on soil bacterial communities[J].FEMS Microbiology Ecology,2011,77(3):600-610.
[15]刘洪升,宋秋华,李凤民.根分泌物对根际矿物营养及根际微生物的效应[J].西北植物学报,2002,22(3):693-702.LIU Hongsheng,SONG Qiuhua,LI Fengmin.The roles of root exudation on rhizosphere nutrient and rhizosphere microorganisms[J].Acta Botanica BorealiOccidentalia Sinica,2002,22(3):693-702.
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[17]柴强,黄高宝.根系分泌物在不同播种模式中的化感效应研究[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2004,39(2):163-167.CHAI Qiang,HUANG Gaobao.Allelopathic effect of root exudates in different cropping patterns[J].Journal of Gansu Agricultural University,2004,39(2):163-167.
[18]Tan S Y,Yang C L,Mei X L,et al.The effect of organic acids from tomato root exudates on rhizosphere colonization of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens T-5[J].Applied Soil Ecology,2013,64:15-22.
[19]鞠会艳,韩丽梅,王树起,等.连作大豆根分泌物对根腐病病原菌的化感作用[J].应用生态学报,2002,13(6):723-727.JU Huiyan,HAN Limei,WANG Shuqi,et al.Allelopathic effect of root exudates on pathogenic fungi of root rot in continuous cropping soybean[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2002,13(6):723-727.
[20]罗永清,赵学勇,李美霞.植物根系分泌物生态效应及其影响因素研究综述[J].应用生态学报,2012,23(12):3496-3504.LUO Yongqing,ZHAO Xueyong,LI Meixia.Ecological effect of plant root exudates and related affecting factors:A review[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2012,23(12):3496-3504.
[2]苏振刚,杨爱国,孙玉合,等.黑胫病菌诱导的烟草SSH文库构建及其分析[J].作物学报,2011,37(10):1763-1770.SU Zhengang,YANG Aiguo,SUN Yuhe,et al.Construction and analysis of tobacco SSH library induced by Phytophthora parasitica var.nicotianae[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2011,37(10):1763-1770.
[3]王进,黄艳飞,汪汉成,等.烟草疫霉拮抗菌枯草芽孢杆菌21b菌株的分离鉴定及其生物学特性研究[J].微生物学通报,2014,41(12):2481-2487.WANG Jin,HUANG Yanfei,WANG Hancheng,et al.Isolation,identification and biological characteristics of a bacterial strain Bacillus subtilis 21b against Phytophthora nicotianae[J].Microbiology China,2014,41(12):2481-2487.
[4]刘芳,宋纪真,范艺宽,等.基于锁核苷酸(LNA)增敏的植烟土壤中烟草黑胫病菌定量PCR检测方法[J].烟草科技,2015,48(12):14-19.LIU Fang,SONG Jizhen,FAN Yikuan,et al.Aquantitative PCR method for detecting Phytophthora parasitica var.nicotianae in tobacco planting soil based on LNA sensitization[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2015,48(12):14-19.
[5]王晶晶,蒋士君,常淑娴,等.两株生防菌对烟草黑胫病的抑制活性及其鉴定[J].中国烟草学报,2011,17(6):89-93.WANG Jingjing,JIANG Shijun,CHANG Shuxian,et al.Antifungal activity of two biocontrol strains against tobacco black shank and their identification[J].Acta Tabacaria Sinica,2011,17(6):89-93.
[6]Doornbos R F,van Loon L C,Bakker P A H M.Impact of root exudates and plant defense signaling on bacterial communities in the rhizosphere.A review[J].Agronomy for Sustainable Development,2012,32(1):227-243.
[7]张文明,邱慧珍,张春红,等.连作马铃薯不同生育期根系分泌物的成分检测及其自毒效应[J].中国生态农业学报,2015,23(2):215-224.ZHANG Wenming,QIU Huizhen,ZHANG Chunhong,et al.Identification and autotoxicity of root exudates of continuous cropping potato at different growth stages[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2015,23(2):215-224.
[8]黄文昌,王毅,蔡长春,等.烟草黑胫病抗性遗传分析[J].中国烟草科学,2009,30(增刊):69-74.HUANG Wenchang,WANG Yi,CAI Changchun,et al.Genetic analysis on tobacco resistance to black shank disease[J].Chinese Tobacco Science,2009,30(S):69-74.
[9]朱书生,袁善奎,范洁茹,等.六种杀菌剂对黄瓜霜霉病菌不同发育阶段的影响[J].农药学学报,2005,7(2):119-125.ZHU Shusheng,YUAN Shankui,FAN Jieru,et al.The effect of six fungicides on different developmental stages in the life cycle of Pseudoperonospora cubensis[J].Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science,2005,7(2):119-125.
[10]卢俊.选择性抑制疫霉菌孢子囊产生的天然活性物质的化学研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2011.LU Jun.Chemical studies on specific inhibitors of sporangia formation of Phytophthora from natural products[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2011.
[11]冯希杰,马慧霞,陈长军,等.嘧菌酯对油菜菌核病菌的抗菌活性及抗菌机制研究[J].农药学学报,2009,11(2):186-190.FENG Xijie,MA Huixia,CHEN Changjun,et al.Study on fungicidal activity and mechanism of azoxystrobin against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum[J].Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science,2009,11(2):186-190.
[12]GB/T 23222-2008烟草病虫害分级及调查方法[S].GB/T 23222-2008 Grade and investigation method of tobacco diseases and insect pests[S].
[13]韩雪,吴凤芝,潘凯.根系分泌物与土传病害关系之研究综述[J].中国农学通报,2006,22(2):316-318.HAN Xue,WU Fengzhi,PAN Kai.Review on the relation between the root exudates and soil-spread disease[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2006,22(2):316-318.
[14]Shi S J,Richardson A E,O’Callaghan M,et al.Effects of selected root exudate components on soil bacterial communities[J].FEMS Microbiology Ecology,2011,77(3):600-610.
[15]刘洪升,宋秋华,李凤民.根分泌物对根际矿物营养及根际微生物的效应[J].西北植物学报,2002,22(3):693-702.LIU Hongsheng,SONG Qiuhua,LI Fengmin.The roles of root exudation on rhizosphere nutrient and rhizosphere microorganisms[J].Acta Botanica BorealiOccidentalia Sinica,2002,22(3):693-702.
[16]Einhellig F A.Interactions involving allelopathy in cropping systems[J].Agronomy Journal,1996,88(6):886-893.
[17]柴强,黄高宝.根系分泌物在不同播种模式中的化感效应研究[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2004,39(2):163-167.CHAI Qiang,HUANG Gaobao.Allelopathic effect of root exudates in different cropping patterns[J].Journal of Gansu Agricultural University,2004,39(2):163-167.
[18]Tan S Y,Yang C L,Mei X L,et al.The effect of organic acids from tomato root exudates on rhizosphere colonization of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens T-5[J].Applied Soil Ecology,2013,64:15-22.
[19]鞠会艳,韩丽梅,王树起,等.连作大豆根分泌物对根腐病病原菌的化感作用[J].应用生态学报,2002,13(6):723-727.JU Huiyan,HAN Limei,WANG Shuqi,et al.Allelopathic effect of root exudates on pathogenic fungi of root rot in continuous cropping soybean[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2002,13(6):723-727.
[20]罗永清,赵学勇,李美霞.植物根系分泌物生态效应及其影响因素研究综述[J].应用生态学报,2012,23(12):3496-3504.LUO Yongqing,ZHAO Xueyong,LI Meixia.Ecological effect of plant root exudates and related affecting factors:A review[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2012,23(12):3496-3504.