西藏双须叶须鱼八种年龄鉴定材料的比较研究
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摘要
用微耳石、星耳石、脊椎骨、鳃盖骨、臀鳞、胸鳞、侧线鳞和背鳞等8种年龄鉴定材料识别和鉴定西藏双须叶须鱼的年龄特征并进行比较分析,以确定适宜的年龄鉴定材料。结果显示:臀鳞形态特化严重,胸鳞、侧线鳞、背鳞的年轮特征不明显,与微耳石比较的平均百分比误差(IAPE)分别为41.63%、51.26%、50.50%和51.26%,其他4种年龄材料与微耳石比较的IAPE相差不大,依次为:星耳石(12.28%)、脊椎骨(15.67%)、鳃盖骨(17.81%);低于23龄时,微耳石鉴定的平均年龄与耳石和脊椎骨鉴定的平均年龄较为接近(P>0.05),分别为14.39龄、13.13龄和13.20龄,显著高于鳃盖骨和4种鳞片(P<0.05);高于23龄时, 7种年龄鉴定材料都显著低于微耳石所鉴定的平均年龄(P<0.05)。用微耳石鉴定所得的最大年龄为49龄,星耳石鉴定所得的最大年龄为35龄,脊椎骨鉴定所得最大年龄为34龄,鳃盖骨为34龄,臀鳞为22龄,胸鳞为19龄,侧线鳞为16龄,背鳞为17龄。微耳石年龄鉴定的年龄读数与体长呈极显著的对数函数关系(P<0.01)。综合分析认为,微耳石最适宜作为双须叶须鱼的年龄鉴定材料。
The morphology and annulus characteristics of Ptychobarbus dipogon were described by eight aging materials in Tibet Autonomous Region, China, and then the suitable aging materials were determined in term of structures and annuli characteristics of eight aging materials. Hip scale was seriously specialized, annulus characteristics of chest scale, lateral-line scale, back scale were not obvious. Compared with the lapillus, the average percentage error was41.63% for hip scale, 51.26% for chest scale, 50.50% for lateral-line scale, and 51.26% for back scale. The average percentage errors of asteriscus(12.28%), vertebrae(15.67%), and opercular bones(17.81%) were little different from lapillus. Below 23 years old fish, the average age of lapillus was 14.39 years that was similar with asteriscus(13.13 years) and vertebrae(13.20 years), but it was significantly higher than opercular bones and four scales(P<0.05). Above23 years old fish, the average ages of seven aging materials were significantly lower than that of lapillus(P<0.05). The maximal age was 49 years for lapillus, 35 years for asteriscus, 34 years for vertebrae, 34 years for opercular bones, 22 years for hip scale, 19 years for chest scale, 16 years lateral-line for scale, and 17 years for back scale. The relationship between the age of lapillus and body length was logarithm function(P<0.01). Therefore, the lapillus was the suitable age determination material for Ptychobarbus dipogon.
The morphology and annulus characteristics of Ptychobarbus dipogon were described by eight aging materials in Tibet Autonomous Region, China, and then the suitable aging materials were determined in term of structures and annuli characteristics of eight aging materials. Hip scale was seriously specialized, annulus characteristics of chest scale, lateral-line scale, back scale were not obvious. Compared with the lapillus, the average percentage error was41.63% for hip scale, 51.26% for chest scale, 50.50% for lateral-line scale, and 51.26% for back scale. The average percentage errors of asteriscus(12.28%), vertebrae(15.67%), and opercular bones(17.81%) were little different from lapillus. Below 23 years old fish, the average age of lapillus was 14.39 years that was similar with asteriscus(13.13 years) and vertebrae(13.20 years), but it was significantly higher than opercular bones and four scales(P<0.05). Above23 years old fish, the average ages of seven aging materials were significantly lower than that of lapillus(P<0.05). The maximal age was 49 years for lapillus, 35 years for asteriscus, 34 years for vertebrae, 34 years for opercular bones, 22 years for hip scale, 19 years for chest scale, 16 years lateral-line for scale, and 17 years for back scale. The relationship between the age of lapillus and body length was logarithm function(P<0.01). Therefore, the lapillus was the suitable age determination material for Ptychobarbus dipogon.
引文
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[19]Zhu X F,Chen Y F.Preliminary study on the age and growth characteristics of Schizothorax macropogon[J].Chinese Journal of Zoology,2009,44(3):76-82[朱秀芳,陈毅峰.巨须裂腹鱼年龄与生长的初步研究.动物学杂志,2009,44(3):76-82]
[20]Hu S D,Shen J Z,Ma X F,et al.Comparative studies on four calcified structures for age determination of common bream Abramis brama in Ulungur lake[J].Freshwater Fisheries,2015,45(6):27-33,38[胡少迪,沈建忠,马徐发,等.乌伦古湖欧鳊四种年龄鉴定材料的比较分析.淡水渔业,2015,45(6):27-33,38]
[21]Nie Y Y.Studies on age,growth and reproductive biology of Gymnocypris potanini firmispinatus Wu et Wu in the Anning river[D].Thesis for Master of Science,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian.2017[聂媛媛.安宁河硬刺松潘裸鲤年龄、生长与繁殖特性研究.硕士学位论文,大连海洋大学,大连.2017]
[22]Li Z D,Shen J Z,Li X,et al.Comparison of four structures for age determination of Redfin Culter Cultrichthys erythropterus in Dianchi lake in Yunnan,China[J].Fisheries Science,2017,36(3):330-335[李宗栋,沈建忠,李霄,等.滇池红鳍原鲌4种年龄鉴定材料的比较.水产科学,2017,36(3):330-335]
[23]Casselman J M.Growth and relative size of calcified structures of fish[J].Transactions of the American Fisheries Society,1990,119(4):673-688
[24]Qiu H Y,Xu D P,Shi W G.A review of the relationship between fish otolish and age[J].Journal of Zhejiang Ocean University(Natural Science),2009,28(3):331-337,374[裘海雅,徐东坡,施炜纲.鱼类耳石与年龄关系的研究进展.浙江海洋学院学报(自然科学版),2009,28(3):331-337,374]
[25]Huo B.Study on the biology and population dynamics of Oxygymnocypris stewartii[D].Thesis for Doctor of Science,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan.2014[霍斌.尖裸鲤个体生物学和种群动态学研究.博士学位论文,华中农业大学,武汉.2014]
[26]Cai L G,Niu J G,Tu E X,et al.Annuli characteristics of the different ageing materials of Schizothorax(Racoma)pseudaksaiensis(Herzenstein)[J].Journal of Hydroecology,2011,32(3):78-81[蔡林钢,牛建功,吐尔逊,等.伊犁裂腹鱼不同年龄鉴定材料的年轮特征比较.水生态学杂志,2011,32(3):78-81]
[27]Shen D Z,He C L,Song Z B.Age determination of Weakspine Schizothoracin(Schizopygopsis malacanthus)[J].Sichuan Journal of Zoology,2007,26(1):124-125,241[沈丹舟,何春林,宋昭彬.软刺裸裂尻鱼的年龄鉴定.四川动物,2007,26(1):124-125,241]
[2]Devries D R,Frie R V.Determination of Age and Growth.In:MurPhy B R,Willis D W(Eds.),Fisheries Tehniques(2nd edition)[M].Bethesda:American Fisheries Society.1996,483-512
[3]Xiong F,Chen D Q,Liu S P,et al.Annuli characteristics of the different ageing materials of Gymnocypris przewalskii przewalskii(Kessler)[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2006,30(2):185-191[熊飞,陈大庆,刘绍平,等.青海湖裸鲤不同年龄鉴定材料的年轮特征.水生生物学报,2006,30(2):185-191]
[4]Polat N,Bostanci D,Yilmaz S.Comparable age determination in different bony structures of Pleuronectes flesus luscus Pallas,1811 inhabiting the Black Sea[J].Turkish Journal of Zoology,2001,25(4):441-446
[5]Fisheries Bureau of Tibet Autonomous Region.Fish and Fishery in Xizang[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press.1995,114-115[西藏自治区水产局.西藏鱼类及其资源.北京:中国农业出版社.1995,114-115]
[6]Yang X.Study on age,growth,feeding habits and population dynamics of Ptychobarbus dipogon in the Yarlung Tsangpo River[D].Thesis for Master of Science,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan.2015[杨鑫.雅鲁藏布江双须叶须鱼年龄生长、食性和种群动态研究.硕士学位论文,华中农业大学,武汉.2015]
[7]Li X Q,Chen Y F,He D K,et al.Otolith characteristics and age determination of an endemic Ptychobarbus dipogon(Regan,1905)(Cyprinidae:Schizothoracinae)in the Yarlung Tsangpo River,Tibet[J].Environmental Biology of Fishes,2009,86(1):53-61
[8]Dou S Z.An introduction to fish otolith research:techniques and applications[J].Marine Sciences,2007,48:93-113[窦硕增.鱼类的耳石信息分析及生活史重建--理论、方法与应用.海洋科学集刊,2007,48:93-113]
[9]Ihde T F,Chittenden M E.Comparison of calcified structures for aging spotted seatrout[J].Transactions of the American Fisheries Society,2002,131(4):634-642
[10]Yin M C.Fish Ecology[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press.1995,15-30[殷名称.鱼类生态学.北京:中国农业出版社.1995,15-30]
[11]Ma B S.Study on the biology and population dynamics of Schizohorax o’connori[D].Thesis for Doctor of Science,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan.2011[马宝珊.异齿裂腹鱼个体生物学和种群动态研究.博士学位论文,华中农业大学,武汉.2011]
[12]Zhou X J.Study on the biology and population dynamics of Schizohorax waltoni[D].Thesis for Doctor of Science,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan.2014[周贤君.拉萨裂腹鱼个体生物学和种群动态研究.博士学位论文,华中农业大学,武汉.2014]
[13]Hua Y Y,Shi L J,Li H Y,et al.Age discrimination of Takifugu obscurus Abe[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2005,29(3):279-284[华元渝,石黎军,李海燕,等.暗纹东方鲀年龄鉴定的研究.水生生物学报,2005,29(3):279-284]
[14]Chen Y F,He D K,Chen Y Y.Age discrimination of Selincuo Schizothoracini(Gymnocypris selincuoensis)in Selincuo lake Tibeten platean[J].Acta Zoologica Sinica,2002,48(4):527-533[陈毅峰,何德奎,陈宜瑜.色林错裸鲤的年龄鉴定.动物学报,2002,48(4):527-533]
[15]Li Q,Hu J F,Lan Z J,et al.The method of identifying age by using fish calcification[J].Biology Teaching,2010,35(6):51-52[李强,胡继飞,蓝昭军,等.利用鱼类钙化组织鉴定年龄的方法.生物学教学,2010,35(6):51-52]
[16]Li X,Shen J Z,Gong J,et al.A comparative study of four age validation structures for common carp(Cyprinus carpio)in Dianchi lake in Yunnan,China[J].Journal of Hydroecology,2015,36(5):89-95[李霄,沈建忠,龚江,等.滇池鲤4种年龄鉴定材料的比较.水生态学杂志,2015,36(5):89-95]
[17]Yang J S,Chen Y F,He D K,et al.Studies on age determination and growth characteristics of Gymnocypris cuoensis[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2002,26(4):378-387[杨军山,陈毅峰,何德奎,等.错鄂裸鲤年轮与生长特征的探讨.水生生物学报,2002,26(4):378-387]
[18]Shen J Z,Cao W X,Cui Y B.Comparison of scale and otolith for estimating age of Carassius auratus L[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2001,25(5):462-466[沈建忠,曹文宣,崔奕波.用鳞片和耳石鉴定鲫年龄的比较研究.水生生物学报,2001,25(5):462-466]
[19]Zhu X F,Chen Y F.Preliminary study on the age and growth characteristics of Schizothorax macropogon[J].Chinese Journal of Zoology,2009,44(3):76-82[朱秀芳,陈毅峰.巨须裂腹鱼年龄与生长的初步研究.动物学杂志,2009,44(3):76-82]
[20]Hu S D,Shen J Z,Ma X F,et al.Comparative studies on four calcified structures for age determination of common bream Abramis brama in Ulungur lake[J].Freshwater Fisheries,2015,45(6):27-33,38[胡少迪,沈建忠,马徐发,等.乌伦古湖欧鳊四种年龄鉴定材料的比较分析.淡水渔业,2015,45(6):27-33,38]
[21]Nie Y Y.Studies on age,growth and reproductive biology of Gymnocypris potanini firmispinatus Wu et Wu in the Anning river[D].Thesis for Master of Science,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian.2017[聂媛媛.安宁河硬刺松潘裸鲤年龄、生长与繁殖特性研究.硕士学位论文,大连海洋大学,大连.2017]
[22]Li Z D,Shen J Z,Li X,et al.Comparison of four structures for age determination of Redfin Culter Cultrichthys erythropterus in Dianchi lake in Yunnan,China[J].Fisheries Science,2017,36(3):330-335[李宗栋,沈建忠,李霄,等.滇池红鳍原鲌4种年龄鉴定材料的比较.水产科学,2017,36(3):330-335]
[23]Casselman J M.Growth and relative size of calcified structures of fish[J].Transactions of the American Fisheries Society,1990,119(4):673-688
[24]Qiu H Y,Xu D P,Shi W G.A review of the relationship between fish otolish and age[J].Journal of Zhejiang Ocean University(Natural Science),2009,28(3):331-337,374[裘海雅,徐东坡,施炜纲.鱼类耳石与年龄关系的研究进展.浙江海洋学院学报(自然科学版),2009,28(3):331-337,374]
[25]Huo B.Study on the biology and population dynamics of Oxygymnocypris stewartii[D].Thesis for Doctor of Science,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan.2014[霍斌.尖裸鲤个体生物学和种群动态学研究.博士学位论文,华中农业大学,武汉.2014]
[26]Cai L G,Niu J G,Tu E X,et al.Annuli characteristics of the different ageing materials of Schizothorax(Racoma)pseudaksaiensis(Herzenstein)[J].Journal of Hydroecology,2011,32(3):78-81[蔡林钢,牛建功,吐尔逊,等.伊犁裂腹鱼不同年龄鉴定材料的年轮特征比较.水生态学杂志,2011,32(3):78-81]
[27]Shen D Z,He C L,Song Z B.Age determination of Weakspine Schizothoracin(Schizopygopsis malacanthus)[J].Sichuan Journal of Zoology,2007,26(1):124-125,241[沈丹舟,何春林,宋昭彬.软刺裸裂尻鱼的年龄鉴定.四川动物,2007,26(1):124-125,241]