2017年汛期三峡水库城陵矶防洪补偿调度影响分析
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摘要
2017年6月下旬至7月初,长江中下游连续发生两次强降雨过程,7月1日长江形成2017年第1号洪水,长江中下游干流莲花塘以下江段及洞庭湖、鄱阳湖水位全线超警,发生了中游型大洪水。为减轻长江中下游防洪压力,避免莲花塘站超保证水位,7月1～3日,对三峡水库进行了城陵矶防洪补偿调度,将出库流量由27 300 m~3/s减至8 000 m~3/s。对2017年汛期三峡水库对城陵矶进行防洪补偿调度后,水库泥沙淤积、荆江三口分流、坝下游河道冲淤与崩岸以及长江中下游洲滩淹没等影响进行了分析。结果表明,调度实施后,显著减轻了洞庭湖区及长江中下游干流的防洪压力,有力保障了长江中下游的防洪安全。研究成果可为三峡水库制定科学调度方案、进一步发挥三峡工程综合效益提供支撑。
From late June to early July of 2017,middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River experienced two consecutive heavy rainfalls,and Changjiang No. 1 flood formed on the July 1st,during which water levels of Lianhuatang station and its lower reaches,Dongting Lake,and Poyang Lake had all exceeded warning levels. In order to alleviate the flood control pressure in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and keep water level of Lianhuatang station below its highest safety level,Three Gorges reservoir carried out compensation operation to Chenglingji reach during July 1st and 3rd,which reduced the reservoir outflow from 27 300 m~3/s to 8 000 m~3/s. Aiming at this compensation operation,we analyzed its impacts on reservoir sediment deposits,the flow diversion of the three distributaries of Jingjiang River to Dongting Lake,river channel erosion and river bank failure in the downstream of dam site,and marshland submerge. The results showed that the compensation operation had significantly alleviated flood pressure in middle and lower of the YangtzeRiver,ensured the flood control safety,and the operation experiences could provide reference for preparing more scientific operation solutions in future.
From late June to early July of 2017,middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River experienced two consecutive heavy rainfalls,and Changjiang No. 1 flood formed on the July 1st,during which water levels of Lianhuatang station and its lower reaches,Dongting Lake,and Poyang Lake had all exceeded warning levels. In order to alleviate the flood control pressure in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and keep water level of Lianhuatang station below its highest safety level,Three Gorges reservoir carried out compensation operation to Chenglingji reach during July 1st and 3rd,which reduced the reservoir outflow from 27 300 m~3/s to 8 000 m~3/s. Aiming at this compensation operation,we analyzed its impacts on reservoir sediment deposits,the flow diversion of the three distributaries of Jingjiang River to Dongting Lake,river channel erosion and river bank failure in the downstream of dam site,and marshland submerge. The results showed that the compensation operation had significantly alleviated flood pressure in middle and lower of the YangtzeRiver,ensured the flood control safety,and the operation experiences could provide reference for preparing more scientific operation solutions in future.
引文
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[9]陈敏.长江流域水库群联合调度管理及思考[J].中国防汛抗旱,2018,28(4):15-18.
[10]李帅,周曼,王海.金沙江下游-三峡-葛洲坝-清江梯级水库2017年联合调度实践[J].中国防汛抗旱,2018,28(4):27-30.
[11]张地继,董炳江,杨霞,等.三峡水库库区沙峰输移特性研究[J].人民长江,2018,49(2):23-28.
[12]董炳江,乔伟,许全喜.三峡水库汛期沙峰排沙调度研究与初步实践[J].人民长江,2014,45(3),7-11.
[13]董炳江,陈显维,许全喜.三峡水库沙峰调度试验研究与思考[J].人民长江,2014,45(19):1-5.
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[15]王俊.2016年长江洪水特点与启示[J].人民长江,2017,48(4):54-57.
[16]夏军强,邓珊珊,周美蓉.荆江河段崩岸机理及多尺度模拟方法[J].人民长江,2017,48(19):1-11.
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