硫化镍精矿-软锰矿在酸性条件下的协同浸出
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摘要
目前硫化镍矿的湿法冶金工艺大多存在着能耗较大、反应设备要求高等不足,同时软锰矿由于还原成本较高、污染较大,未得到充分利用。为了改善现状,实现这两种矿物中有价金属的清洁高效回收,研究基于两矿浸出法,采用常压酸浸工艺,以硫化镍精矿和软锰矿分别作为浸出过程中的氧化剂和还原剂,通过考察浸出条件对渣率和镍、锰、铜金属浸出率的影响,开展硫化镍精矿和软锰矿的协同浸出试验研究。结果表明,在浸出温度为110℃、硫化镍精矿与软锰矿质量比为1∶1、初始酸浓度为210g/L、液固为4∶1、浸出时间为10h的条件下,镍的浸出率为88.65%、锰的浸出率为93.26%、铜的浸出率为72.10%。浸出过程产生污染较小,浸出效果好,经济效益显著。研究对硫化镍矿和软锰矿的湿法冶金具有重要的意义。
At present,most of the hydrometallurgical processes of nickel sulfide ore have the disadvantages of high energy consumption and high requirement for reaction equipment during the hydrometallurgy of nickel sulfide ore as well as the underutilization of pyrolusite due to high reduction cost and severe pollution.The method based on the two ore method mixing with acid leaching process under ordinary pressure was adopted to realize the clean and efficient recovery of valuable metals in these two minerals.Nickel sulfide concentrate and pyrolusite were used as oxidants and reducing agents in leaching process respectively.The collaborative leaching test of nickel sulfide concentrate and pyrolusite was carried out by investigating the influence of leaching conditions on slag rate and leaching rate of nickel,manganese and copper.The results show that with the leaching temperature of 110℃,the mass ratio of nickel sulfide concentrate to Pyrolusite is 1∶1,the initial acid concentration is 210 g/L,the liquidsolid ratio is 4∶1,and the leaching time is 10 h.The leaching rate is 88.65%,the manganese leaching rate is93.26%,and the copper leaching rate is 72.10%.The leaching process produces less pollution,good leaching effect,and significant economic benefits.This research is of great significance to the hydrometallurgy of Nickel sulfide ore and pyrolusite.
At present,most of the hydrometallurgical processes of nickel sulfide ore have the disadvantages of high energy consumption and high requirement for reaction equipment during the hydrometallurgy of nickel sulfide ore as well as the underutilization of pyrolusite due to high reduction cost and severe pollution.The method based on the two ore method mixing with acid leaching process under ordinary pressure was adopted to realize the clean and efficient recovery of valuable metals in these two minerals.Nickel sulfide concentrate and pyrolusite were used as oxidants and reducing agents in leaching process respectively.The collaborative leaching test of nickel sulfide concentrate and pyrolusite was carried out by investigating the influence of leaching conditions on slag rate and leaching rate of nickel,manganese and copper.The results show that with the leaching temperature of 110℃,the mass ratio of nickel sulfide concentrate to Pyrolusite is 1∶1,the initial acid concentration is 210 g/L,the liquidsolid ratio is 4∶1,and the leaching time is 10 h.The leaching rate is 88.65%,the manganese leaching rate is93.26%,and the copper leaching rate is 72.10%.The leaching process produces less pollution,good leaching effect,and significant economic benefits.This research is of great significance to the hydrometallurgy of Nickel sulfide ore and pyrolusite.
引文
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[2]LI G H,SHI T M,RAO M J,et al.Beneficiation of nickeliferous laterite by reduction roasting in the presence of sodium sulfate[J].Minerals Engineering,2012,32:19-26.
[3]刘明宝,印万忠.中国硫化镍矿和红土镍矿资源现状及利用技术研究[J].有色金属工程,2011,1(5):25-28.LIU Mingbao,YIN Wanzhong.Research on resource status and utilization technology of Chinese nickel sulfide ore and laterite nickel ore resources[J].Nonferrous Metals Engineering,2011,1(5):25-28.
[4]张亮,杨卉芃,冯安生,等.全球镍矿资源开发利用现状及供需分析[J].矿产保护与利用,2016(1):64-69.ZHANG Liang,YANG Huipeng,FENG Ansheng,et al.Study on current situation and analysis of supply and demand of global nickel resource[J].Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources,2016(1):64-69.
[5]钟菊芽.2016-2017年镍的市场分析与展望[J].中国金属通报,2017(6):118-119.ZHONG Juya.Analysis and prospec of nickel market in2016-2017[J].China Metal Bulletin,2017(6):118-119.
[6]李忠国.硫化镍矿的湿法冶金应用基础研究[D].沈阳:东北大学,2005.LI Zhongguo.Basic research on hydrometallurgical application of nickel sulfide ore[D].Shenyang:Northeastern University,2005.
[7]路长远,鲁雄刚,邹星礼,等.中国镍矿资源现状及技术进展[J].自然杂志,2015,37(4):269-277.LU Changyuan,LU Xionggang,ZOU Xingli,et al.Current situation and utilization technology of nickel ore in China[J].Chinese Journal of Nature,2015,37(4):269-277.
[8]刘陟娜,许虹,王秋舒,等.中国锰矿供需现状及可持续发展建议[J].资源与产业,2015,17(6):38-43.LIU Zhina,XU Hong,Wang Qiushu,et al.China′s manganese supply-demand actuality and its sustainable development[J].Resources and Industries,2015,17(6):38-43.
[9]王帅,戴婷,钟宏.锰资源利用技术研究进展[J].中国锰业,2018,36(2):1-5.WANG Shuai,DAI Ting,ZHONG Hong.A research process on maganese resource in utilization technologies[J].China's Manganese Industry,2018,36(2):1-5.
[10]孙铭,冯雅丽,李浩然,等.用黄铁矿-硫酸还原浸出软锰矿工艺及动力学研究[J].湿法冶金,2016,35(5):377-382.SUN Ming,FENG Yali,LI Haoran,et al.Leaching process and dynamics of pyrolusite using pyrite and sulfuric acid[J].Hydrometallurgy of China,2016,35(5):377-382.
[11]NAYL A A,ISMAIL I M,ALY H F.Recovery of pure MnSO4·H2O by reductive leaching of pyrolusite from pyrolusite ore by sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide[J].International Journal of Mineral Processing,2011,100(3):116-123.
[12]赵祝鹏,罗洪涛,陈华强,等.硫酸亚铁浸出软锰矿及浸出液中铁离子的处理[J].有色金属工程,2012,2(6):49-51.ZHAO Zhupeng,LUO Hongtao,CHEN Huaqiang,et al.Leaching pyrolusite by ferrous sulfate and treatment of iron ions in leaching agent[J].Nonferrous Metals Engineering,2012,2(6):49-51.
[13]杨静,崔益顺,刘静.用硫酸亚铁还原高含铁低品位软锰矿的工艺研究[J].化工矿物与加工,2012,41(2):21-23.YANG Jing,CUI Yishun,LIU Jing.Study on technology of reducing high-iron low-grade prolusite with ferrous sulfate[J].Industrial Minerals and Processing,2012,41(2):21-23.
[14]袁明亮,梅贤功.软锰矿浸出工艺的研究及进展[J].矿产保护与利用,1995(3):39-40.YUAN Mingliang,MEI Xiangong.Research and development of leaching technology of pyrolusite[J].Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources,1995(3):39-40.
[15]袁明亮,梅贤功,陈荩,等.两矿法浸出软锰矿的工艺与理论[J].中南工业大学学报,1997,28(4):329-332.YUAN Mingliang,MEI Xiangong,CHEN Jin,et al.Technique and theory of two ore method to leach manganese dioxide ore[J].Journal of Central South University,1997,28(4):329-332.