洞口段浅埋偏压隧道新型防护结构及其简化计算方法
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摘要
针对现有洞口段浅埋偏压隧道支护结构在施工时所存在的容易坍塌、整体位移过大等问题,在充分发挥抗滑桩、锚索和管棚优点的基础上,利用交叉施工和分时注浆方法,提出一种洞口段浅埋偏压隧道新型防护结构。建立地形偏压下防护结构的简化分析模型,并利用M法对防护结构在地形偏压下的内力和位移进行求解;然后利用变形协调条件对结构的内力和位移进行修正,最终得出该新型结构在地形和施工偏压联合作用下的受力和变形状况。结合算例,对新型防护结构的内力和位移分布规律进行分析,并将计算结果与ADINA模拟结果进行对比,验证了简化计算方法的可靠性,为该新型结构的分析与设计提供了理论基础和依据。
To address the problems of easy collapse and excessive displacement of the support structures of shallow-buried bias tunnels during construction of an existing tunnel section, a new protective structure for the shallow-buried bias tunnel at the portal section was proposed. The advantages of anti-slide piles, anchor cables, and pipe sheds were considered and utilized for the cross-construction. The simplified analysis model of the protective structure under terrain bias was established, and the internal force and displacement of the protective structure under terrain bias were solved using the M method. Then, the internal force and displacement of the structure under the combined action of terrain and construction bias were corrected and obtained by the deformation coordination condition. Combined with the example model, the internal force and displacement distributions of the new protective structure were analyzed. The reliability of the simplified calculation method was thus verified by comparing the calculation results and the ADINA simulation results, which provides a theoretical basis for the analysis and design of similar new structures.
To address the problems of easy collapse and excessive displacement of the support structures of shallow-buried bias tunnels during construction of an existing tunnel section, a new protective structure for the shallow-buried bias tunnel at the portal section was proposed. The advantages of anti-slide piles, anchor cables, and pipe sheds were considered and utilized for the cross-construction. The simplified analysis model of the protective structure under terrain bias was established, and the internal force and displacement of the protective structure under terrain bias were solved using the M method. Then, the internal force and displacement of the structure under the combined action of terrain and construction bias were corrected and obtained by the deformation coordination condition. Combined with the example model, the internal force and displacement distributions of the new protective structure were analyzed. The reliability of the simplified calculation method was thus verified by comparing the calculation results and the ADINA simulation results, which provides a theoretical basis for the analysis and design of similar new structures.
引文
[1] 雷明锋,彭立敏,施成华,等.浅埋偏压隧道衬砌受力特征及破坏机制试验研究[J].中南大学学报,2013,44(8):3317-3325. LEI Ming-feng, PENG Li-min, SHI Cheng-hua, et al. Model Research on Failure Mechanism and Lining Stress Characteristics of Shallow Buried Tunnel Under Unsymmetrical Pressure [J]. Journal of Central South University: Science and Technology, 2013, 44 (8): 3317-3325.
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[7] 蒋树屏,刘元雪,黄伦海,等.环保型傍山隧道结构研究[J].中国公路学报,2006,19(1):80-83,103. JIANG Shu-ping, LIU Yuan-xue, HUANG Lun-hai, et al. Study on the Structure of Environment-friendly Tunnel Adjacent to Mountain [J]. China Journal of Highway and Transport, 2006, 19 (1): 80-83, 103.
[8] 马国民,李国锋,杨 磊,等.富龙石质高陡边坡下棚洞适用性及联合支护效果分析[J].中国公路学报,2016,29(9):112-120. MA Guo-min, LI Guo-feng, YANG Lei, et al. Analysis on Applicability of Shed-tunnel and Effect of Combined Supporting Under High and Steep Rocky Slope Condition of Funing-longliu Expressway [J]. China Journal of Highway and Transport, 2016, 29 (9): 112-120.
[9] 李怀鉴,马志富.高速铁路隧道复杂地质条件下浅埋偏压洞口设计研究[J].铁道标准设计,2013(5):94-97. LI Huai-jian, MA Zhi-fu. Design of Shallow Buried Biased Pressure Portal Under Complex Geological Conditions for High-speed Railway Tunnels [J]. Railway Standard Design, 2013 (5): 94-97.
[10] 宋志荣.公路隧道穿越浅埋偏压大范围松散堆积体进洞施工技术[J].铁道建筑技术,2015(2):38-41,69. SONG Zhi-rong. Construction Technology for Large-scale Loose Sediment Intrusion of Large-scale Highway Tunnels through Shallow Buried Bias [J]. Railway Construction Technology, 2015 (2): 38-41, 69.
[11] 袁森林.偏压隧道洞口耳墙式护拱进洞支护技术研究与应用[J].隧道建设,2016,36(10):1258-1262. YUAN Sen-lin. Research and Application of Prefabricated Tunnel Portals with Bias-tunneling Tunnels [J]. Tunnel Construction, 2016, 36 (10): 1258-1262.
[12] 阎 亮.不良地质条件隧道洞口段支护研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2009. YAN Liang. Study on the Support of Tunnel Sections at Poor Geological Conditions [D]. Beijing: Beijing Jiaotong University, 2009.
[13] 邓 江.猫山公路隧道工程技术[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2002. DENG Jiang. Cat Mountain Highway Tunnel Engineering Technology [M]. Beijing: China Communications Press, 2002.
[14] 姜同虎,霍三胜.浅埋软弱破碎围岩隧道进洞施工技术研究[J].现代隧道技术,2011,48(3):117-122. JIANG Tong-hu, HUO San-sheng. Study on Entrance Excavation of a Tunnel in Shallow Soft Fractured Surrounding Rock [J]. Modern Tunnelling Technology, 2011, 48 (3): 117-122.
[15] ATKINSON J H, PORTS D M. Stability of Shallow Tunnel in Cohesion Soil [J]. Geotechnique, 1977, 27 (2): 203-215.
[16] 朱正国,乔春生,高保彬.浅埋偏压连拱隧道的施工优化及支护受力特征分析[J].岩土力学,2008,29(10):2747-2752,2758. ZHU Zheng-guo, QIAO Chun-sheng, GAO Bao-bin. Analysis of Construction Optimization and Supporting Structure Under Load of Shallow Multi-arch Tunnel Under Unsymmetrical Pressure [J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2008, 29 (10): 2747-2752, 2758.
[17] 王书刚,李术才.浅埋偏压隧道洞口施工技术及稳定性分析研究[J].岩石力学,2006,27(增):364-368. WANG Shu-gang, LI Shu-cai. Research on Construction Technique and Stability Analysis of Outlet in Shallow Tunnel Under Unsymmetrical Pressure [J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2006, 27 (S): 364-368.
[18] 韩 剑.小康高速公路隧道进洞技术研究[D].西安:长安大学,2009. HAN Jian. Study on Entrance Technology of Xiaokang Freeway Tunnel Portal [D]. Xi'an: Chang'an University, 2009.
[19] 刘家祺.抗滑桩设计与计算[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1981. LIU Jia-qi. Design and Calculation of Anti Slide Pile[M]. Beijing: China Railway Publishing House, 1981.
[20] 戴自航.抗滑桩滑坡推力和桩前滑体抗力分布规的研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(4):517-521. DAI Zi-hang. Research on the Anti-slide Landslide Thrust and the Distribution Law of the Resistance of the Pile Front Landslide[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2002, 21 (4): 517-521.
[2] 陶志平,周德培.滑坡地段隧道变形机理的模型试验研究[J].工程地质学报,2003,11(3):323-327. TAO Zhi-ping, ZHOU De-pei. Model Test on Deformation Mechanism of Tunnel at Landslide Site [J]. Journal of Engineering Geology, 2003, 11 (3): 323-327.
[3] 郭 松.襄渝铁路柴家坡隧道变形与滑坡[J].路基工程,2000,91(4):5-8. GUO Song. Deformation and Landslide of Chaijiapo Tunnel on Xiangyu Railway [J]. Subgrade Engineering, 2000, 91 (4): 5-8.
[4] 周玉宏,赵燕明,程崇国.偏压连拱隧道施工过程的优化研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(5):679-683. ZHOU Yu-hong, ZHAO Yan-ming, CHENG Chong-guo. Study on the Optimization of Construction Process of Biased Double-arch Tunnels [J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2002, 21 (5): 679-683.
[5] 李 林,何 川,耿 萍,等.浅埋偏压洞口段隧道地震响应振动台模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(12):2541-2547. LI Lin, HE Chuan, GEN Ping, et al. Shaking Table Model Test for Seismic Response of Tunnels in Shallow Buried Tunnels [J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2011, 30 (12): 2541-2547.
[6] 张 敏,黄润秋,巨能攀.浅埋偏压隧道出口变形机理及稳定性分析[J].工程地质学报,2008(4):482-488. ZHANG Min, HUANG Run-qiu, JU Neng-pan. Deformation Mechanism and Stability Analysis of a High Slope at Portal of Compressed Tunnel at Shallow Depth [J]. Journal of Engineering Geology, 2008 (4): 482-488.
[7] 蒋树屏,刘元雪,黄伦海,等.环保型傍山隧道结构研究[J].中国公路学报,2006,19(1):80-83,103. JIANG Shu-ping, LIU Yuan-xue, HUANG Lun-hai, et al. Study on the Structure of Environment-friendly Tunnel Adjacent to Mountain [J]. China Journal of Highway and Transport, 2006, 19 (1): 80-83, 103.
[8] 马国民,李国锋,杨 磊,等.富龙石质高陡边坡下棚洞适用性及联合支护效果分析[J].中国公路学报,2016,29(9):112-120. MA Guo-min, LI Guo-feng, YANG Lei, et al. Analysis on Applicability of Shed-tunnel and Effect of Combined Supporting Under High and Steep Rocky Slope Condition of Funing-longliu Expressway [J]. China Journal of Highway and Transport, 2016, 29 (9): 112-120.
[9] 李怀鉴,马志富.高速铁路隧道复杂地质条件下浅埋偏压洞口设计研究[J].铁道标准设计,2013(5):94-97. LI Huai-jian, MA Zhi-fu. Design of Shallow Buried Biased Pressure Portal Under Complex Geological Conditions for High-speed Railway Tunnels [J]. Railway Standard Design, 2013 (5): 94-97.
[10] 宋志荣.公路隧道穿越浅埋偏压大范围松散堆积体进洞施工技术[J].铁道建筑技术,2015(2):38-41,69. SONG Zhi-rong. Construction Technology for Large-scale Loose Sediment Intrusion of Large-scale Highway Tunnels through Shallow Buried Bias [J]. Railway Construction Technology, 2015 (2): 38-41, 69.
[11] 袁森林.偏压隧道洞口耳墙式护拱进洞支护技术研究与应用[J].隧道建设,2016,36(10):1258-1262. YUAN Sen-lin. Research and Application of Prefabricated Tunnel Portals with Bias-tunneling Tunnels [J]. Tunnel Construction, 2016, 36 (10): 1258-1262.
[12] 阎 亮.不良地质条件隧道洞口段支护研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2009. YAN Liang. Study on the Support of Tunnel Sections at Poor Geological Conditions [D]. Beijing: Beijing Jiaotong University, 2009.
[13] 邓 江.猫山公路隧道工程技术[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2002. DENG Jiang. Cat Mountain Highway Tunnel Engineering Technology [M]. Beijing: China Communications Press, 2002.
[14] 姜同虎,霍三胜.浅埋软弱破碎围岩隧道进洞施工技术研究[J].现代隧道技术,2011,48(3):117-122. JIANG Tong-hu, HUO San-sheng. Study on Entrance Excavation of a Tunnel in Shallow Soft Fractured Surrounding Rock [J]. Modern Tunnelling Technology, 2011, 48 (3): 117-122.
[15] ATKINSON J H, PORTS D M. Stability of Shallow Tunnel in Cohesion Soil [J]. Geotechnique, 1977, 27 (2): 203-215.
[16] 朱正国,乔春生,高保彬.浅埋偏压连拱隧道的施工优化及支护受力特征分析[J].岩土力学,2008,29(10):2747-2752,2758. ZHU Zheng-guo, QIAO Chun-sheng, GAO Bao-bin. Analysis of Construction Optimization and Supporting Structure Under Load of Shallow Multi-arch Tunnel Under Unsymmetrical Pressure [J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2008, 29 (10): 2747-2752, 2758.
[17] 王书刚,李术才.浅埋偏压隧道洞口施工技术及稳定性分析研究[J].岩石力学,2006,27(增):364-368. WANG Shu-gang, LI Shu-cai. Research on Construction Technique and Stability Analysis of Outlet in Shallow Tunnel Under Unsymmetrical Pressure [J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2006, 27 (S): 364-368.
[18] 韩 剑.小康高速公路隧道进洞技术研究[D].西安:长安大学,2009. HAN Jian. Study on Entrance Technology of Xiaokang Freeway Tunnel Portal [D]. Xi'an: Chang'an University, 2009.
[19] 刘家祺.抗滑桩设计与计算[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1981. LIU Jia-qi. Design and Calculation of Anti Slide Pile[M]. Beijing: China Railway Publishing House, 1981.
[20] 戴自航.抗滑桩滑坡推力和桩前滑体抗力分布规的研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(4):517-521. DAI Zi-hang. Research on the Anti-slide Landslide Thrust and the Distribution Law of the Resistance of the Pile Front Landslide[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2002, 21 (4): 517-521.