江苏部分地区羊消化道寄生虫与弓形虫感染情况调查
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摘要
采用饱和盐水漂浮法、尼龙筛兜淘洗法和间接血凝法对江苏扬州、南通、宿迁和连云港地区19个羊场310份粪样和85份血清进行寄生虫检查和弓形虫抗体检测,并分析羊的饲养方式与季节及其月龄与寄生虫感染间的关系,为江苏省羊寄生虫病的防治奠定基础。结果表明:共检出1种绦虫、6种线虫和7种球虫,蠕虫优势种为毛圆科线虫(Trichostrongylidae),球虫优势种为艾丽艾美耳球虫(Eimeria alijeri)。总感染率为90.32%(280/310),其中87.10%(270/310)羊混合感染2种及以上寄生虫。6月龄以上羊的感染率高于6月龄以下羊,风险系数为5.08倍(OR=5.08, 95%CI=1.16～22.19,P=0.020);放养式饲养羊的感染率高于高床圈养方式饲养羊,风险系数达10.61倍(OR=10.61, 95%CI=1.40～72.85,P=0.003);春秋季羊的感染率高于冬季羊,风险系数为2.05倍(OR=2.05, 95%CI=1.00～4.21,P=0.046)。弓形虫的抗体阳性率为0。
In order to investigate the intestinal parasitic infection and Toxoplasma gondii in goats in Yangzhou, Nantong, Suqian and Lianyungang of Jiangsu province, a total of 310 fecal samples and 85 serum from 19 goat farms were respectively detected by saturated flotation technique and nylon sifter elutriation and sieving method for eggs and oocysts, and by indirect hemagglutination(IHA) for T. gondii antibody. Simultaneously, the effects of rearing pattern, age of goats and season on parasitic infection were analyzed. A total of fourteen parasites including one tapeworm, six nematodes and seven coccidia were found in the fecal samples, and the overall infection rate was 90.32%(280/310). Trichostrongylidae spp. in helminth and Eimeria alijeri in coccidia were found to be the dominant species, respectively. Of all the samples, 87.10%(270/310)were coinfected with more than one parasite species. The infection rates of goats from 6-12 months old(97.33%) and >12 months old(89.09%) were higher than that of goats from <6 months old(87.78%), and the risk coefficient of infection in >6 months old goats was 5.08 times higher than that in <6 months old goats(OR=5.08, 95%CI=1.16-22.19, P=0.020). Compared to goats raised in high bed(87.39%), the goats reared in ground(98.75%) had the higher risk of parasitic infection(OR=10.61, 95%CI=1.40-72.85, P=0.003). The infection rate in spring(93.08%) and in autumn(88.24%) were higher than that in winter(85.83%), and the risk coefficient in spring was higher than that in winter(OR=2.05, 95%CI=1.00-4.21, P=0.046). The infection rate of T.gondii was 0(0/85). These results provide useful information for prevention and control of goat parasitic diseases in Jiangsu province.
In order to investigate the intestinal parasitic infection and Toxoplasma gondii in goats in Yangzhou, Nantong, Suqian and Lianyungang of Jiangsu province, a total of 310 fecal samples and 85 serum from 19 goat farms were respectively detected by saturated flotation technique and nylon sifter elutriation and sieving method for eggs and oocysts, and by indirect hemagglutination(IHA) for T. gondii antibody. Simultaneously, the effects of rearing pattern, age of goats and season on parasitic infection were analyzed. A total of fourteen parasites including one tapeworm, six nematodes and seven coccidia were found in the fecal samples, and the overall infection rate was 90.32%(280/310). Trichostrongylidae spp. in helminth and Eimeria alijeri in coccidia were found to be the dominant species, respectively. Of all the samples, 87.10%(270/310)were coinfected with more than one parasite species. The infection rates of goats from 6-12 months old(97.33%) and >12 months old(89.09%) were higher than that of goats from <6 months old(87.78%), and the risk coefficient of infection in >6 months old goats was 5.08 times higher than that in <6 months old goats(OR=5.08, 95%CI=1.16-22.19, P=0.020). Compared to goats raised in high bed(87.39%), the goats reared in ground(98.75%) had the higher risk of parasitic infection(OR=10.61, 95%CI=1.40-72.85, P=0.003). The infection rate in spring(93.08%) and in autumn(88.24%) were higher than that in winter(85.83%), and the risk coefficient in spring was higher than that in winter(OR=2.05, 95%CI=1.00-4.21, P=0.046). The infection rate of T.gondii was 0(0/85). These results provide useful information for prevention and control of goat parasitic diseases in Jiangsu province.
引文
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[2] 王永宏,刘基.羊寄生虫病的综合防治措施 [J].畜牧兽医科技信息,2009,5(2):50.
[3] KYRIáNOVá I A,VADLEJCH J,KOPECKY O,et al.Seasonal dynamics of endoparasitic infections at an organic goat farm and the impact of detected infections on milk production [J].Parasitol Res,2017,116(11):3211-3219.
[4] 蔡为民,高扬,刘丹丹,等.扬州地区山羊肠道寄生虫与弓形虫感染情况的调查 [J].畜牧与兽医,2018,50(7):108-112.
[5] 霍永久,刘正旭,方伟,等.日粮纤维水平对育肥淮猪血清生化指标及相关基因表达的影响 [J].扬州大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2015,36(4):26-30,44.
[6] 孔繁瑶.家畜寄生虫学 [M].2版.北京:中国农业大学出版社,1997.
[7] 陶建平,许金俊,曹永萍,等.家鹅球虫种类鉴定及国内一新记录种 [J].扬州大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2003,24(2):14-17.
[8] 杨光友.兽医寄生虫病学 [M].北京:中国农业出版社,2017.
[9] LEVINE N D.Veterinary Protozoology [M].Iowa:Iowa State University Press,1985:130-229.
[10] 郝桂英.羊球虫病的研究进展 [J].中国兽医学报,2017,37(3):577-584.
[11] Ministry of Agriculture,Fisheries and Food.Manual of veterinary parasitological laboratory techniques [M].Technical Bulletin No.18.2nded.London:Her Majesty’s Stationary Office,1977:16-19.
[12] MCMAHON C,EDGAR H W J,BARLEY J P,et al.Control of Nematodirus spp.infection by sheep flock owners in Northern Ireland [J].Ir Vet J,2017,70(1):31.
[13] 沈杰,黄兵.中国家畜家禽寄生虫名录 [M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2004.
[14] 涂宜强,简永利,高永安.陕西省某羊场简阳大耳山羊球虫感染情况调查及种类鉴定 [J].动物医学进展,2016,37(6):132-135.
[15] HOU Z F,SU S J,LIU D D,et al.Prevalence,risk factors and genetic characterization of Toxoplasma gondii in sick pigs and stray cats in Jiangsu Province,eastern China [J].Infect Genet Evol,2018,60:17-25.
[16] 郭筱璐,杨怡,施宇,等.国内羊胃肠道寄生虫流行病学调查及捻转血矛线虫系统进化分析 [J].中国兽医学报,2018,38(7):1332-1337.
[17] 张宇新,王禹,梁晚枫,等.延边某市圈养羊寄生虫感染情况初步调查 [J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2017(4):123-124.
[18] SORATHIYA L M,FULSOUNDAR A B,RAO T K S,et al.Prevalence and risk factors for gastrointestinal parasitism in traditionally maintained goat flocks of South Gujarat [J].J Parasit Dis,2017,41(1):137-141.