采动裂隙煤岩破裂能量耗散特性及机理
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摘要
乌鲁木齐矿区主采水平已进入深部开采,高应力强卸荷下动力破坏现象频发。为建立裂隙煤岩耗散能与声发射能量参数的定量关系,更好地了解煤岩体受载破裂特征,揭示高应力下裂隙煤岩破裂能量耗散及其灾变机制,本文采用实验手段分析单轴压缩荷载作用下裂隙煤岩体损伤直至破裂的阶段性特征及其能量释放规律,结果表明:裂隙煤岩物性特征一致性较好,其力学参数离散性大,裂隙煤岩的力学响应特征为非线性本构关系,峰后的应变值应只考虑屈服弱化区域的塑性应变;煤岩样破裂过程可划分为4个阶段:初始受载阶段、弹性阶段、微破裂阶段与峰后破裂阶段;给出了基于声发射能量参数的裂隙煤岩破裂耗散能的理论计算模型,确定了裂隙煤岩破裂应变能与弹性应变能及E_(AE-Ⅱ)/ΣE_(AE)间的关系,研究结果表明裂隙煤岩破裂所耗散的能量随着E_(AE-Ⅱ)/ΣE_(AE)的增加而减少。
Mining level in the Urumqi coal field is now in deep mining. A lot of dynamic failure events take place frequently due to the high-stress. In order to establish quantitative relationship between the dissipated energy of unloading coal-rock masses and AE energy parameters, fracturing characteristics of coal-rock mass under loading are clear shown well. This paper offers an experimental method to analyze stage traits and energy release mechanism from damage to fracture of coal-rock masses under uniaxial compressed loading. The research results indicate that physical-property consistency of the fractured coal-rock masses is preferable but the coal-rock masses has large mechanical-property discreteness. Constitutive relation of the fractured coal-rock masses is nonlinear and strain value after the peak is only plastic strain in yield weakening zone. The process of coal-rock specimens can be classified into four stages including the initial loading stage, the elastic stage, the micro-fracturing stage and the post-peak fracturing stage. Theoretical calculation model for energy dissipation of the fractured coal-rock masses is provided based on AE energy parameters. The quantitative relation contains crucial parameters in cluding strain energy, elastic energy and E_(AE-Ⅱ)/ΣE_(AE). The dissipated energy of coal-rock mass decreases obviously with E_(AE-Ⅱ)/ΣE_(AE) increasing.
Mining level in the Urumqi coal field is now in deep mining. A lot of dynamic failure events take place frequently due to the high-stress. In order to establish quantitative relationship between the dissipated energy of unloading coal-rock masses and AE energy parameters, fracturing characteristics of coal-rock mass under loading are clear shown well. This paper offers an experimental method to analyze stage traits and energy release mechanism from damage to fracture of coal-rock masses under uniaxial compressed loading. The research results indicate that physical-property consistency of the fractured coal-rock masses is preferable but the coal-rock masses has large mechanical-property discreteness. Constitutive relation of the fractured coal-rock masses is nonlinear and strain value after the peak is only plastic strain in yield weakening zone. The process of coal-rock specimens can be classified into four stages including the initial loading stage, the elastic stage, the micro-fracturing stage and the post-peak fracturing stage. Theoretical calculation model for energy dissipation of the fractured coal-rock masses is provided based on AE energy parameters. The quantitative relation contains crucial parameters in cluding strain energy, elastic energy and E_(AE-Ⅱ)/ΣE_(AE). The dissipated energy of coal-rock mass decreases obviously with E_(AE-Ⅱ)/ΣE_(AE) increasing.
引文
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[12]赵兴东,唐春安,李元辉,等.花岗岩破裂全过程的声发射特性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(增刊2):3673-3678.ZHAO Xingdong,TANG Chun'an,LI Yuanhui,et al.Study of AE activity characteristics under uniaxial compression loading[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(Sup 2):3673-3678.
[13]HUDSON J A,CROUCH S,FAIRHURST C E.Soft,stiff and servo-controlled testing machines[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1999,36(3):279-289.
[14]杨圣奇.裂隙岩石力学特性研究及时间效应分析[M].北京:科学出版社,2011:89-92.
[15]单鹏飞.急倾斜煤岩体强度劣化与动力灾害防治基础研究[D].西安:西安科技大学,2015.
[2]来兴平,孙欢,蔡明,等.急斜煤层浅转深综放开采煤岩动力灾害诱发机理[J].西安科技大学学报,2017,37(3):305-311.LAI Xingping,SUN Huan,CAI Ming,et al.Mechanism of dynamic hazards due to coal and rock mass instability in extremely steep coal seams with the deepening mining[J].Journal of Xi'an University of Science and Technology,2017,37(3):305-311.
[3]赵阳升,冯增朝,万志军.岩体动力破坏的最小能量原理[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(11):1781-1783.ZHAO Yangsheng,FENG Zengchao,WAN Zhijun.Least energy principle of failure of rock mass[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(11):1781-1783.
[4]谢和平,鞠杨,黎立云.基于能量耗散与释放原理的岩石强度与整体破坏准则[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(17):3003-3010.XIE Heping,JU Yang,LI Liyun.Criteria for strength and structural failure of rocks based on energy dissipation and energy release principles[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(17):3003-3010.
[5]金丰年,蒋美蓉,高小玲.基于能量耗散定义损伤变量的方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(12):1976-1980.JIN Fengnian,JIANG Meirong,GAO Xiaoling.Defining damage variable based on energy dissipation[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(12):1976-1980.
[6]胡柳青,李夕兵,赵伏军.冲击荷载作用下岩石破裂损伤的耗能规律[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,21(增刊2):2304-2308.HU Liuqing,LI Xibing,ZHAO Fujun.Sudy on energy consumption in fracture and damage of rock induced by impact loadings[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,21(Sup 2):2304-2308.
[7]孙倩,李树忱,冯现大,等.基于应变能密度理论的岩石破裂数值模拟方法研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(5):1575-1582.SUN Qian,LI Shuchen,FENG Xianda,et al.Study of numerical simulation method of rock fracture based on strain energy density theory[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(5):1575-1582.
[8]唐春安.岩石声发射规律数值模拟初探[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1997,16(4):368-374.TANG Chun’an.Numerical simulation of AE in rock failure[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1997,16(4):368-374.
[9]HE M C,MIAO J L,FENG J L.Rock burst process of limestone and its acoustic emission characteristics true-triaxial unloading conditions[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2010,47(2):286-298.
[10]冯夏庭,赖户政宏.化学环境侵蚀下的岩石破裂特性—第一部分:试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,19(4):403-407.FENG Xiating,MASAHIRO Seto.Rock fracturing behaviors under chemical corrosion—part I:experimental study[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,19(4):403-407.
[11]纪洪广,王宏伟,曹善忠,等.花岗岩单轴受压条件下声发射信号频率特征试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(增刊1):2900-2905.JI Hongguang,WANG Hongwei,CAO Shanzhong,et al.Experimental research on frequency characteristics of acoustic emission signals under uniaxial compression of granite[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,31(Sup 1):2900-2905.
[12]赵兴东,唐春安,李元辉,等.花岗岩破裂全过程的声发射特性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(增刊2):3673-3678.ZHAO Xingdong,TANG Chun'an,LI Yuanhui,et al.Study of AE activity characteristics under uniaxial compression loading[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(Sup 2):3673-3678.
[13]HUDSON J A,CROUCH S,FAIRHURST C E.Soft,stiff and servo-controlled testing machines[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1999,36(3):279-289.
[14]杨圣奇.裂隙岩石力学特性研究及时间效应分析[M].北京:科学出版社,2011:89-92.
[15]单鹏飞.急倾斜煤岩体强度劣化与动力灾害防治基础研究[D].西安:西安科技大学,2015.