表层土壤中持久性有机污染物的采样、分析技术研究现状以及土壤修复技术
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摘要
持久性有机污染物(POPs)由于自身的高毒性、持久性、生物积累性以及挥发性在环境中广泛存在。土壤由于自身含有一定量的有机质,能够吸附POPs并在其中进行累积,而导致严重的环境污染。一旦经过食物链和食物网进入人体就会对人体的生命健康造成严重的危害。本文主要介绍了土壤中的POPs的采样分析技术以及源解析研究,分析表层土壤中POPs的主要来源,并介绍了针对土壤污染采用的修复技术,主要包括物理修复,生物修复和生物修复技术。
Persistent Organic Pollutants( POPs) are commonly found in the natural environment due to the characteristics of high toxicity,persistence,bioaccumulation and volatility. POPs can be absorbed and accumulated by organic compounds in soil,leading to serious environmental pollution problems. POPs can be into human body via food chains and nets and cause severe effects on human health. This paper mainly introduces sampling technologies and source analysis of POPs in soil. Meanwhile,it shows three types of remediation technologies and trend in the future.
Persistent Organic Pollutants( POPs) are commonly found in the natural environment due to the characteristics of high toxicity,persistence,bioaccumulation and volatility. POPs can be absorbed and accumulated by organic compounds in soil,leading to serious environmental pollution problems. POPs can be into human body via food chains and nets and cause severe effects on human health. This paper mainly introduces sampling technologies and source analysis of POPs in soil. Meanwhile,it shows three types of remediation technologies and trend in the future.
引文
[1] Xiao-yan,W.,W. Xiao-ping,W. Chuan-fei,et. al.Review on Trees for Monitoring the Spatio-temporal Distribution and Sources of Persistent Organic Pollutants. Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment[J],2018,40(06):794-805
[2] Weber,R.,L. Bell,A. Watson,et. al. Assessment of pops contaminated sites and the need for stringent soil standards for food safety for the protection of human health. Environmental Pollution[J],2019,249:703-715.
[3] Cheng,H.,G. Zhang,J. X. Jiang,et. al. Organochlorine pesticides,polybrominated biphenyl ethers and lead isotopes during the spring time at the Waliguan Baseline Observatory,northwest China:Implication for long-range atmospheric transport.Atmospheric Environment[J],2007,41(22):4734-4747.
[4] Wang,X.-p.,P. Gong,T.-d. Yao,et. al. Passive Air Sampling of Organochlorine Pesticides, Polychlorinated Biphenyls,and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers Across the Tibetan Plateau. Environmental Science&Technology[J],2010,44(8):2988-2993.
[5] Wang,X.,P. Gong,Q. Zhang,et. al. Impact of climate fluctuations on deposition of DDT and hexachlorocyclohexane in mountain glaciers:Evidence from ice core records. Environmental Pollution[J],2010,158(2):375-380.
[6]龚平.青藏高原大气有机卤和多环芳烃类污染物季节变化与空间分布研究,2011.
[7] Wang,X.-p.,J.-j. Sheng,P. Gong,et. al. Persistent organic pollutants in the Tibetan surface soil:Spatial distribution,air–soil exchange and implications for global cycling.Environmental Pollution[J],2012,170:145-151.
[8] Wohrnschimmel,H.,M. MacLeod,K. Hungerbuhler. Emissions,Fate and Transport of Persistent Organic Pollutants to the Arctic in a Changing Global Climate. Environmental Science&Technology[J],2013,47(5):2323-2330.
[9]赵曦,黄艺,敖晓兰.持久性有机污染物(POPs)的生物降解与外生菌根真菌对POPs的降解作用[J].应用与环境生物学报,2007,13:140-144.
[10] O’ Driscoll,K.,T. Ilyina,T. Pohlmann,et. al. Modelling the fate of persistent organic pollutants(POPs)in the North Sea system. Procedia Environmental Sciences[J],2011,6:169-179.
[11] Asagbra,M. C.,A. S. Adebayo,C. I. Anumudu,et. al.Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water,sediment and fish from the Warri River at Ubeji,Niger Delta,Nigeria. African Journal of Aquatic Science[J],2015,40(2):193-199.
[12] Liu,X.,S. Wang,Y. Jiang,et. al. Polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenylethers in soils from planted forests and adjacent natural forests on a tropical island. Environmental Pollution[J],2017,227:57-63.
[13]郑丽荣,韩昊,P. K. Mondal,等.持久性有机污染物土气交换过程及采样技术的研究进展[J].四川环境,2017,36:154-157.
[14] Li,Z. Health risk characterization of maximum legal exposures for persistent organic pollutant(POP)pesticides in residential soil:An analysis. Journal of Environmental Management[J],2018,205:163-173.
[15] Petrovic,M.,M. Sremacki,J. Radonic,et. al. Health risk assessment of PAHs,PCBs and OCPs in atmospheric air of municipal solid waste landfill in Novi Sad,Serbia. Science of The Total Environment[J],2018,644:1201-1206.
[16] Li,J.,C. Chen,F. Li. Status of POPs accumulation in the Yellow River Delta:From distribution to risk assessment. Marine Pollution Bulletin[J],2016,107(1):370-378.
[17] O’Sullivan,G.,D. Megson(2014). Chapter 1-Brief Overview:Discovery,Regulation,Properties,and Fate of POPs. Environmental Forensics for Persistent Organic Pollutants. G. O’Sullivan,C. Sandau. Amsterdam,Elsevier:1-20.
[18]姜林,赵莹,钟茂生,等.污染场地土壤气中VOCs定量被动采样技术研究及应用[J].环境科学研究,2017,30:1746-1753.
[19] Wang,C.,X. Wang,J. Ren,et. al. Using a passive air sampler to monitor air–soil exchange of organochlorine pesticides in the pasture of the central Tibetan Plateau. Science of The Total Environment[J],2017,580:958-965.
[20] Jacobs,P. H. A new rechargeable dialysis pore water sampler for monitoring sub-aqueous in-situ sediment caps. Water Research[J],2002,36(12):3121-3129.
[21] Esteve-Turrillas,F. A.,A. Pastor,V. Yusà,et. al. Using semi-permeable membrane devices as passive samplers.Tr AC Trends in Analytical Chemistry[J],2007,26(7):703-712.
[22]范洪涛,隋殿鹏,陈宏,等.原位被动采样技术[J].化学进展,2010,22:1672-1678.
[23]范洪涛,孙挺,隋殿鹏,等.环境监测中两种原位被动采样技术——薄膜扩散平衡技术和薄膜扩散梯度技术[J].化学通报(印刷版),2009,72:421-426.
[24] Wang,W.,Y. Wang,R. Zhang,et. al. Seasonal characteristics and current sources of OCPs and PCBs and enantiomeric signatures of chiral OCPs in the atmosphere of Vietnam. Science of The Total Environment[J],2016,542:777-786.
[25] Odabasi,M.,Y. Dumanoglu,E. Ozgunerge Falay,et. al.Investigation of spatial distributions and sources of persistent organic pollutants(POPs)in a heavily polluted industrial region using tree components. Chemosphere[J],2016,160:114-125.
[26]李岚,万雪贝,陈小荣,等.实验室有机废液的回收利用与处理研究[J].实验室科学,2015,18:58-62.
[27]周守毅,王臻,陈蓓蓓,等.旋涡氮吹浓缩法用于浓缩OCL和PCB1260影响实验研究[J].环境科学导刊,2009,28:78-80.
[28]李娟,章勇. GC/MS法测定环境空气中痕量POPS类有机氯农药及降解产物[J].环境监测管理与技术,2008,20:33-36.
[29] Yongtao LI,C. L. M.,Ed J. GEORGE. Determination of selected semi-volatile organic compounds in water using automated online solid-phase extraction with large-volume injection/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Front. Environ.Sci. Eng.[J],2011,5(3):417-425.
[30] Liu,Y.,S. Wang,R. Lohmann,et. al. Source apportionment of gaseous and particulate PAHs from traffic emission using tunnel measurements in Shanghai, China. Atmospheric Environment[J],2015,107:129-136.
[31] Xu,F.-L.,C. Yang,W. He,et. al. Bias and association of sediment organic matter source apportionment indicators:A case study in a eutrophic Lake Chaohu,China. Science of The Total Environment[J],2017,581-582:874-884.
[32] Yuan,H.,E. Liu,E. Zhang,et. al. Historical records and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and organochlorine pesticides(OCPs)in sediment from a representative plateau lake,China. Chemosphere[J],2017,173:78-88.
[33] Cai,C.,J. Li,D. Wu,et. al. Spatial distribution,emission source and health risk of parent PAHs and derivatives in surface soils from the Yangtze River Delta, eastern China.Chemosphere[J],2017,178:301-308.
[34]俞继梅.浅议持久性有机污染物POPs[J].江西化工,2013:94-96.
[35] Anne Motelaymassei,Tom Harner,,Mahiba Shoeib,et. al. Using Passive Air Samplers To Assess Urban-Rural Trends for Persistent Organic Pollutants and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. 2. Seasonal Trends for PAHs, PCBs,and Organochlorine Pesticides. Environmental Science&Technology[J],2005,39(15):5763-5773.
[36] Elizabeth,H.,W. Julian,C. L. Wienburg,et. al. Factors influencing the national distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls in British soils. Environmental Science&Technology[J], 2006, 40(24):7629-7635.
[37] Qu,C.,S. Albanese,A. Lima,et. al. The occurrence of OCPs,PCBs,and PAHs in the soil,air,and bulk deposition of the Naples metropolitan area,southern Italy:Implications for sources and environmental processes. Environment International[J],2019,124:89-97.
[38] Morillo,E.,J. Villaverde. Advanced technologies for the remediation of pesticide-contaminated soils. Science of The Total Environment[J],2017,586:576-597.
[39]徐科峰,李忠,何莼,等.持久性有机污染物(POPs)对人类健康的危害及其治理技术进展[J].四川环境,2003,22:29-34.
[40]佘亮亮,谢悦波,齐虹.持久性有机污染物及修复技术[J].世界科技研究与发展,2008,30:728-731.
[41]聂志强,李卫建,刘潇威,等.土壤环境中POPs污染现状及治理技术研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36:6478-6480.
[42]余刚(2005).持久性有机污染物:新的全球性环境问题.
[43]赵子鹰,黄启飞,王琪,et. al.我国持久性有机污染物污染防治进展[J].环境科学与技术,2013:473-476.
[44] Gan,S.,E. V. Lau,H. K. Ng. Remediation of soils contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs).Journal of Hazardous Materials[J],2009,172(2):532-549.
[45]贾建丽,翟宇嘉,房增强,等. VOCs污染场地修复过程典型环节风险控制[J].农业工程,2013,3:55-59.
[46] Falciglia,P. P.,G. De Guidi,A. Catalfo,et. al. Remediation of soils contaminated with PAHs and nitro-PAHs using microwave irradiation. Chemical Engineering Journal[J],2016,296:162-172.
[47] Sun,J.,L. Pan,D. C. W. Tsang,et. al. Organic contamination and remediation in the agricultural soils of China:A critical review. Science of The Total Environment[J],2018,615:724-740.
[48]杨月明,唐景春.表面活性剂及其在石油污染土壤修复中的应用研究进展[J].石油化工应用,2015,34:1-6,13.
[49]殷瑞君,王云平.土壤中PAHs提取纯化和测定方法研究进展[J].山西农业科学,2017,45:1894-1899.
[50] Chopra,A. K.,M. K. Sharma,S. Chamoli. Bioaccumulation of organochlorine pesticides in aquatic system—an overview. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment[J],2011,173(1):905-916.
[51] Gaur,N.,K. Narasimhulu,P. Y. Recent advances in the bio-remediation of persistent organic pollutants and its effect on environment. Journal of Cleaner Production[J],2018,198:1602-1631.
[52] Xu,S. Y.,Y. X. Chen,W. X. Wu,et. al. Enhanced dissipation of phenanthrene and pyrene in spiked soils by combined plants cultivation. Science of The Total Environment[J],2006,363(1):206-215.
[53]王秋娟,唐韬,李启蓝,等. POPs污染土壤植物修复技术[J].能源与节能,2017:96-97.
[54]张雪,刘维涛,梁丽琛,等.多氯联苯(PCBs)污染土壤的生物修复[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35:1-11.
[2] Weber,R.,L. Bell,A. Watson,et. al. Assessment of pops contaminated sites and the need for stringent soil standards for food safety for the protection of human health. Environmental Pollution[J],2019,249:703-715.
[3] Cheng,H.,G. Zhang,J. X. Jiang,et. al. Organochlorine pesticides,polybrominated biphenyl ethers and lead isotopes during the spring time at the Waliguan Baseline Observatory,northwest China:Implication for long-range atmospheric transport.Atmospheric Environment[J],2007,41(22):4734-4747.
[4] Wang,X.-p.,P. Gong,T.-d. Yao,et. al. Passive Air Sampling of Organochlorine Pesticides, Polychlorinated Biphenyls,and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers Across the Tibetan Plateau. Environmental Science&Technology[J],2010,44(8):2988-2993.
[5] Wang,X.,P. Gong,Q. Zhang,et. al. Impact of climate fluctuations on deposition of DDT and hexachlorocyclohexane in mountain glaciers:Evidence from ice core records. Environmental Pollution[J],2010,158(2):375-380.
[6]龚平.青藏高原大气有机卤和多环芳烃类污染物季节变化与空间分布研究,2011.
[7] Wang,X.-p.,J.-j. Sheng,P. Gong,et. al. Persistent organic pollutants in the Tibetan surface soil:Spatial distribution,air–soil exchange and implications for global cycling.Environmental Pollution[J],2012,170:145-151.
[8] Wohrnschimmel,H.,M. MacLeod,K. Hungerbuhler. Emissions,Fate and Transport of Persistent Organic Pollutants to the Arctic in a Changing Global Climate. Environmental Science&Technology[J],2013,47(5):2323-2330.
[9]赵曦,黄艺,敖晓兰.持久性有机污染物(POPs)的生物降解与外生菌根真菌对POPs的降解作用[J].应用与环境生物学报,2007,13:140-144.
[10] O’ Driscoll,K.,T. Ilyina,T. Pohlmann,et. al. Modelling the fate of persistent organic pollutants(POPs)in the North Sea system. Procedia Environmental Sciences[J],2011,6:169-179.
[11] Asagbra,M. C.,A. S. Adebayo,C. I. Anumudu,et. al.Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water,sediment and fish from the Warri River at Ubeji,Niger Delta,Nigeria. African Journal of Aquatic Science[J],2015,40(2):193-199.
[12] Liu,X.,S. Wang,Y. Jiang,et. al. Polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenylethers in soils from planted forests and adjacent natural forests on a tropical island. Environmental Pollution[J],2017,227:57-63.
[13]郑丽荣,韩昊,P. K. Mondal,等.持久性有机污染物土气交换过程及采样技术的研究进展[J].四川环境,2017,36:154-157.
[14] Li,Z. Health risk characterization of maximum legal exposures for persistent organic pollutant(POP)pesticides in residential soil:An analysis. Journal of Environmental Management[J],2018,205:163-173.
[15] Petrovic,M.,M. Sremacki,J. Radonic,et. al. Health risk assessment of PAHs,PCBs and OCPs in atmospheric air of municipal solid waste landfill in Novi Sad,Serbia. Science of The Total Environment[J],2018,644:1201-1206.
[16] Li,J.,C. Chen,F. Li. Status of POPs accumulation in the Yellow River Delta:From distribution to risk assessment. Marine Pollution Bulletin[J],2016,107(1):370-378.
[17] O’Sullivan,G.,D. Megson(2014). Chapter 1-Brief Overview:Discovery,Regulation,Properties,and Fate of POPs. Environmental Forensics for Persistent Organic Pollutants. G. O’Sullivan,C. Sandau. Amsterdam,Elsevier:1-20.
[18]姜林,赵莹,钟茂生,等.污染场地土壤气中VOCs定量被动采样技术研究及应用[J].环境科学研究,2017,30:1746-1753.
[19] Wang,C.,X. Wang,J. Ren,et. al. Using a passive air sampler to monitor air–soil exchange of organochlorine pesticides in the pasture of the central Tibetan Plateau. Science of The Total Environment[J],2017,580:958-965.
[20] Jacobs,P. H. A new rechargeable dialysis pore water sampler for monitoring sub-aqueous in-situ sediment caps. Water Research[J],2002,36(12):3121-3129.
[21] Esteve-Turrillas,F. A.,A. Pastor,V. Yusà,et. al. Using semi-permeable membrane devices as passive samplers.Tr AC Trends in Analytical Chemistry[J],2007,26(7):703-712.
[22]范洪涛,隋殿鹏,陈宏,等.原位被动采样技术[J].化学进展,2010,22:1672-1678.
[23]范洪涛,孙挺,隋殿鹏,等.环境监测中两种原位被动采样技术——薄膜扩散平衡技术和薄膜扩散梯度技术[J].化学通报(印刷版),2009,72:421-426.
[24] Wang,W.,Y. Wang,R. Zhang,et. al. Seasonal characteristics and current sources of OCPs and PCBs and enantiomeric signatures of chiral OCPs in the atmosphere of Vietnam. Science of The Total Environment[J],2016,542:777-786.
[25] Odabasi,M.,Y. Dumanoglu,E. Ozgunerge Falay,et. al.Investigation of spatial distributions and sources of persistent organic pollutants(POPs)in a heavily polluted industrial region using tree components. Chemosphere[J],2016,160:114-125.
[26]李岚,万雪贝,陈小荣,等.实验室有机废液的回收利用与处理研究[J].实验室科学,2015,18:58-62.
[27]周守毅,王臻,陈蓓蓓,等.旋涡氮吹浓缩法用于浓缩OCL和PCB1260影响实验研究[J].环境科学导刊,2009,28:78-80.
[28]李娟,章勇. GC/MS法测定环境空气中痕量POPS类有机氯农药及降解产物[J].环境监测管理与技术,2008,20:33-36.
[29] Yongtao LI,C. L. M.,Ed J. GEORGE. Determination of selected semi-volatile organic compounds in water using automated online solid-phase extraction with large-volume injection/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Front. Environ.Sci. Eng.[J],2011,5(3):417-425.
[30] Liu,Y.,S. Wang,R. Lohmann,et. al. Source apportionment of gaseous and particulate PAHs from traffic emission using tunnel measurements in Shanghai, China. Atmospheric Environment[J],2015,107:129-136.
[31] Xu,F.-L.,C. Yang,W. He,et. al. Bias and association of sediment organic matter source apportionment indicators:A case study in a eutrophic Lake Chaohu,China. Science of The Total Environment[J],2017,581-582:874-884.
[32] Yuan,H.,E. Liu,E. Zhang,et. al. Historical records and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and organochlorine pesticides(OCPs)in sediment from a representative plateau lake,China. Chemosphere[J],2017,173:78-88.
[33] Cai,C.,J. Li,D. Wu,et. al. Spatial distribution,emission source and health risk of parent PAHs and derivatives in surface soils from the Yangtze River Delta, eastern China.Chemosphere[J],2017,178:301-308.
[34]俞继梅.浅议持久性有机污染物POPs[J].江西化工,2013:94-96.
[35] Anne Motelaymassei,Tom Harner,,Mahiba Shoeib,et. al. Using Passive Air Samplers To Assess Urban-Rural Trends for Persistent Organic Pollutants and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. 2. Seasonal Trends for PAHs, PCBs,and Organochlorine Pesticides. Environmental Science&Technology[J],2005,39(15):5763-5773.
[36] Elizabeth,H.,W. Julian,C. L. Wienburg,et. al. Factors influencing the national distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls in British soils. Environmental Science&Technology[J], 2006, 40(24):7629-7635.
[37] Qu,C.,S. Albanese,A. Lima,et. al. The occurrence of OCPs,PCBs,and PAHs in the soil,air,and bulk deposition of the Naples metropolitan area,southern Italy:Implications for sources and environmental processes. Environment International[J],2019,124:89-97.
[38] Morillo,E.,J. Villaverde. Advanced technologies for the remediation of pesticide-contaminated soils. Science of The Total Environment[J],2017,586:576-597.
[39]徐科峰,李忠,何莼,等.持久性有机污染物(POPs)对人类健康的危害及其治理技术进展[J].四川环境,2003,22:29-34.
[40]佘亮亮,谢悦波,齐虹.持久性有机污染物及修复技术[J].世界科技研究与发展,2008,30:728-731.
[41]聂志强,李卫建,刘潇威,等.土壤环境中POPs污染现状及治理技术研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36:6478-6480.
[42]余刚(2005).持久性有机污染物:新的全球性环境问题.
[43]赵子鹰,黄启飞,王琪,et. al.我国持久性有机污染物污染防治进展[J].环境科学与技术,2013:473-476.
[44] Gan,S.,E. V. Lau,H. K. Ng. Remediation of soils contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs).Journal of Hazardous Materials[J],2009,172(2):532-549.
[45]贾建丽,翟宇嘉,房增强,等. VOCs污染场地修复过程典型环节风险控制[J].农业工程,2013,3:55-59.
[46] Falciglia,P. P.,G. De Guidi,A. Catalfo,et. al. Remediation of soils contaminated with PAHs and nitro-PAHs using microwave irradiation. Chemical Engineering Journal[J],2016,296:162-172.
[47] Sun,J.,L. Pan,D. C. W. Tsang,et. al. Organic contamination and remediation in the agricultural soils of China:A critical review. Science of The Total Environment[J],2018,615:724-740.
[48]杨月明,唐景春.表面活性剂及其在石油污染土壤修复中的应用研究进展[J].石油化工应用,2015,34:1-6,13.
[49]殷瑞君,王云平.土壤中PAHs提取纯化和测定方法研究进展[J].山西农业科学,2017,45:1894-1899.
[50] Chopra,A. K.,M. K. Sharma,S. Chamoli. Bioaccumulation of organochlorine pesticides in aquatic system—an overview. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment[J],2011,173(1):905-916.
[51] Gaur,N.,K. Narasimhulu,P. Y. Recent advances in the bio-remediation of persistent organic pollutants and its effect on environment. Journal of Cleaner Production[J],2018,198:1602-1631.
[52] Xu,S. Y.,Y. X. Chen,W. X. Wu,et. al. Enhanced dissipation of phenanthrene and pyrene in spiked soils by combined plants cultivation. Science of The Total Environment[J],2006,363(1):206-215.
[53]王秋娟,唐韬,李启蓝,等. POPs污染土壤植物修复技术[J].能源与节能,2017:96-97.
[54]张雪,刘维涛,梁丽琛,等.多氯联苯(PCBs)污染土壤的生物修复[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35:1-11.