架空输电走廊地表三维重建网格中杆塔的剔除
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摘要
由于立体匹配和模型自动重建的不确定性和不完整性,基于无人机多视影像重建输电走廊三维表面模型时,很难精确完整地构建出架空输电区域内的杆塔模型。自动重建的杆塔不仅无法加以利用,而且还会与人工重建的矢量杆塔叠加显示,影响可视化效果。为此,提出一种基于矢量杆塔模型的自动重建杆塔剔除方法。首先,根据矢量杆塔类型构建裁切空间包围盒;其次,根据矢量杆塔的空间位置和裁切空间包围盒,定位出残缺塔身在重建模型中的空间范围;最后,基于射线碰撞检测算法,设计一种附有自适应距离约束的残缺杆塔三角面检测方法来自动剔除残缺塔。该算法能够自适应处理杆塔底座细节,剔除不需要的三角面,同时保留塔脚基座和其他地面信息。实验结果表明本文方法的正确性和实用性。
Due to the uncertainty and incompleteness of stereo matching and automatic reconstruction,it is impossible to reconstruct the power pylons mesh completely and perfectly from Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV) images.The automatic reconstructed pylon mesh is not only difficult to be utilized,but also could affect the visualization effect of manually extracted power pylon models.Thus,this paper proposes an approach to eliminate these needless pylon meshes automatically based on vector pylon model.Firstly,the spatial bounding boxes of a pylon are constructed according to vector pylon type.Secondly,according to the vector pylon position and its spatial bounding boxes,the range of the needless pylon is located in the reconstructed mesh tile.Finally,based on the ray collision checking method,an algorithm of Incomplete Pylon Detection with Adaptive Distance Constraint(IPD-ADC) is designed to automatically eliminate the damaged towers.The proposed method can adaptively process the details of the tower base and eliminate unnecessary triangular surface while retaining the tower base and other ground information.The experiments show the correctness and practicality of the proposed method.
Due to the uncertainty and incompleteness of stereo matching and automatic reconstruction,it is impossible to reconstruct the power pylons mesh completely and perfectly from Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV) images.The automatic reconstructed pylon mesh is not only difficult to be utilized,but also could affect the visualization effect of manually extracted power pylon models.Thus,this paper proposes an approach to eliminate these needless pylon meshes automatically based on vector pylon model.Firstly,the spatial bounding boxes of a pylon are constructed according to vector pylon type.Secondly,according to the vector pylon position and its spatial bounding boxes,the range of the needless pylon is located in the reconstructed mesh tile.Finally,based on the ray collision checking method,an algorithm of Incomplete Pylon Detection with Adaptive Distance Constraint(IPD-ADC) is designed to automatically eliminate the damaged towers.The proposed method can adaptively process the details of the tower base and eliminate unnecessary triangular surface while retaining the tower base and other ground information.The experiments show the correctness and practicality of the proposed method.
引文
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[24]王勇,郝晓燕,李颖.基于倾斜摄影的三维模型单体化方法研究[J].计算机工程与应用,2018(3):178-183.
[2]颜敏.基于无人机的输电线路故障检测系统的设计与实现[D].杭州:浙江大学,2016.
[3]穆超.基于多种遥感数据的电力线走廊特征物提取方法研究[D].武汉:武汉大学,2010.
[4]裴慧坤,姜三,林国安,等.依托无人机倾斜摄影的电力走廊三维重建[J].测绘科学,2016,41(12):292-296.
[5]王海彬,陈华华,顾伟康.基于视觉导航的三维重建算法误差分析及补偿[J].传感技术学报,2004,17(4):556-559.
[6]孙政,曹永康.基于消费级无人机采集图像的摄影测量在建筑遗产测绘中的精度评估-以吉祥多门塔为例[J].建筑遗产,2017(4):120-127.
[7]郑恩.基于无人机航拍输电线路杆塔的三维重建[D].南宁:广西大学,2017.
[8]HEOK T M,DAMAN D.A review on level of detail[C]//Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Graphics,Imaging and Visualization.2004:70-75.
[9]POLLARD N.Legible simplification of textured urban models[J].IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications,2008,28(3):27-36.
[10]GARLAND M.Surface simplification using quadric error metrics[C]//Proceedings of the 24th Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques.1997:209-216.
[11]GARLAND M,HECKBERT P S.Simplifying surfaces with color and texture using quadric error metrics[C]//Proceedings of Visualization.1998:263-269.
[12]DENG Z J,CHEN G Y,WANG F W,et al.Mesh merging with mean value coordinates[C]//Proceedings of2012 4th International Conference on Digital Home.2012:278-282.
[13]OOI B C,MCDONELL K J,SACKS-DAVIS R.Spatial KD-tree:An indexing mechanism for spatial databases[C]//Proceedings of IEEE International Computers Software and Applications Conference.1987:433-438.
[14]GREENSPAN M,YURICK M.Approximate k-d tree search for efficient ICP[C]//The 4th International Conference on3-D Digital Imaging and Modeling.2003:442-448.
[15]HORN D R,SUGERMAN J,HOUSTON M,et al.Interactive k-d tree GPU raytracing[C]//Proceedings of 2007Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games.2007:167-174.
[16]PURCELL T J,BUCK I,MARK W R,et al.Ray tracing on programmable graphics hardware[J].ACM Transactions on Graphics,2002,21(3):703-712.
[17]WAECHTER M,MOEHRLE N,GOESELE M.Let there be color!large-scale texturing of 3D reconstructions[C]//The 13th European Conference on Computer Vision.2014:836-850.
[18]ROCCHINI C,CIGNONI P,MONTANI C,et al.Multiple textures stitching and blending on 3D objects[C]//Eurographics Symposium on Rendering Techniques.1999:119-130.
[19]YU B T W,YU W W H.Image space subdivision for fast ray tracing[C]//Proceedings of SPIE's International Symposium on Optical Science,Engineering,and Instrumentation.1999:149-156.
[20]连蓉,丁忆,罗鼎,等.倾斜摄影与近景摄影相结合的山地城市实景三维精细化重建与单体化研究[J].测绘通报,2017(11):128-132.
[21]连蓉,李莉.基于立体像对提取DEM的方法研究与实践[J].测绘与空间地理信息,2015(9):222-224.
[22]王龙祥,乌云毕力格,李文轩.基于自适应滤波处理的无人机摄影测量影像DEM自动生成[J].工程技术(全文版),2016(10):243.
[23]丁志在,韩勇,于吉光,等.倾斜摄影三维建筑物模型自动单体化算法:中国,CN106846494A[P].2017-06-13.
[24]王勇,郝晓燕,李颖.基于倾斜摄影的三维模型单体化方法研究[J].计算机工程与应用,2018(3):178-183.