“龟裂”纳米纤维片/玻纤织物复合预制体的层间渗流特性
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摘要
结合静电纺丝技术和高温煅烧方法制备了"龟裂"TiO_2纳米纤维/玻纤织物复合预制体,使用光学显微镜对TiO_2纳米纤维片的制备工艺进行了优选,采用径向法测量了含有不同厚度TiO_2纳米纤维片复合预制体的渗透率,重点分析了层间"龟裂"纳米纤维片对玻纤织物预制体渗流模式的影响。结果表明,纺丝溶胶液用量为1.0～4.0mL时可在玻纤织物表面制备出成型良好且附着力强的"龟裂"纳米纤维片;与空白玻纤预制体相比,复合预制体的主渗透率增加了2～3个数量级;复合预制体表现出的各向异性程度随溶胶液用量的增加呈增大的趋势,宏微观流动存在同步性,且随注入时间的延长,同步性更加显著。
The"cracked"TiO_2 nanofiber sheets/glass fiber composite preforms were fabricated by electrospinning and high temperature sintering in this paper.The preparation process of TiO_2 nanofiber sheets was optimized by optical microscope.The permeability of composite preforms incorporated with TiO_2 nanofiber sheets with different thickness was measured by the radial flow experiments with emphasis on the effect of the "cracked" nanofiber sheets on the impregnating pattern of glass-fiber preforms.The results show that the nanofiber sheets with good cracking morphology and high adhesion can be fabricated on the surface of glass fiber with the amount of spinning sols of 1.0—4.0 mL.Compared with the blank glass-fiber preforms,the principal permeabilities of composite preforms increase by two or three orders of magnitude.The anisotropy extent of composite preforms increase with the increasing of the amount of spinning sols.The Synchronization of macro-and micro-flow exist in the composite preforms,meanwhile,it increase with the filling time.
The"cracked"TiO_2 nanofiber sheets/glass fiber composite preforms were fabricated by electrospinning and high temperature sintering in this paper.The preparation process of TiO_2 nanofiber sheets was optimized by optical microscope.The permeability of composite preforms incorporated with TiO_2 nanofiber sheets with different thickness was measured by the radial flow experiments with emphasis on the effect of the "cracked" nanofiber sheets on the impregnating pattern of glass-fiber preforms.The results show that the nanofiber sheets with good cracking morphology and high adhesion can be fabricated on the surface of glass fiber with the amount of spinning sols of 1.0—4.0 mL.Compared with the blank glass-fiber preforms,the principal permeabilities of composite preforms increase by two or three orders of magnitude.The anisotropy extent of composite preforms increase with the increasing of the amount of spinning sols.The Synchronization of macro-and micro-flow exist in the composite preforms,meanwhile,it increase with the filling time.
引文
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14 Adams K L,Russel W B,Rebenfeld L.Radialpenetration of a viscous liquid into a planar anisotropic porous medium[J].International Journal of Multiphase Flow,1988,14(2):203.
15 Chan A W,Hwang S T.Anisotropic in-plane permeability of fabric media[J].Polymer Engineering&Science,1991,31(16):1233.
16 Roy T,Pillai K M.Characterization of dual-scale fiber mats for unsaturated flow in liquid composite molding[J].Polymer Composites,2005,26(6):756.
17 Dragnevski K I,Routh A F,Murray M W,et al.Cracking of drying latex films:An ESEM experiment[J].Langmuir the Acs Journal of Surfaces&Colloids,2010,26(11):7747.
18Jenkins D R.Determination of crack spacing and penetration due to shrinkage of a solidifying layer[J].International Journal of Solids and Structures,2009,46(5):1078.
2 Kelkar A D,Mohan R,Bolick R,et al.Effect of nanoparticles and nanofibers on ModeⅠfracture toughness of fiber glass reinforced polymeric matrix composites[J].Materials Science and Engineering B,2010,168(1-3):85.
3 Magniez K,Chaffraix T,Fox B.Toughening of a carbon-fibre composite using electrospun poly(hydroxyether of bisphenol A)nanofibrous membranes through inverse phase separation and interdomain etherification[J].Materials,2011,4(11):1967.
4 Palazzetti R,Zucchelli A,Trendafilova I.The self-reinforcing effect of Nylon6,6nano-fibres on CFRP laminates subjected to low velocity impact[J].Composite Structures,2013,106(12):661.
5 Arai M,Hirokawa J I,Hanamura Y,et al.Characteristic of modeⅠfatigue crack propagation of CFRP laminates toughened with CNFinterlayer[J].Composites Part B,2014,65(10):26.
6 Xing L,Wu N,Jiao Y N.Research status of eiectrospun nanofibers for enhancing and toughening composite laminates[J].Materials Review A:Review Papers,2013,27(8):63(in Chinese).邢亮,吴宁,焦亚男.静电纺纳米纤维对复合材料层间增强增韧的研究进展[J].材料导报:综述篇,2013,27(8):63.
7 Dzenis Y A,Reneker D H.Delamination-resistant composites prepared by small diameter fiber reinforcement at ply interfaces:America,US6265333B1[P].2001-07-24.
8 Arai M,Noro Y,Sugimoto K I,et al.Mode I and modeⅡinterlaminar fracture toughness of CFRP laminates toughened by carbon nanofiber interlayer[J].Composites Science and Technology,2008,68(2):516.
9 Schoenmaker B D,Heijden S V D,Baere I D,et al.Effect of electrospun polyamide 6nanofibres on the mechanical properties of a glass fibre/epoxy composite[J].Polymer Testing,2013,32(8):1495.
10 Liu L,Huang Z M,He C L,et al.Mechanical performance of laminated composites incorporated with nanofibrous membranes[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2006,435-436(11):309.
11 Liu L,Liang Y M,Xu G Y,et al.ModeⅠinterlaminar fracture of composite laminates incorporating with ultrathin fibrous sheets[J].Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites,2008,27(11):1147.
12Gao Y,Wu N,Zhuang X P,et al.Effects of interlaminar nanofibrous membranes on permeability property of glass-fiber preform[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2017,34(6):1230(in Chinese).高杨,吴宁,庄旭品,等.层间纳米纤维膜对玻纤预制体渗流特性的影响[J].复合材料学报,2017,34(6):1230.
13吴宁,邢亮,陈利,等.一种同步增强增韧玻纤树脂基复合材料的制备方法:中国,CN103287031A[P].2013-09-11.
14 Adams K L,Russel W B,Rebenfeld L.Radialpenetration of a viscous liquid into a planar anisotropic porous medium[J].International Journal of Multiphase Flow,1988,14(2):203.
15 Chan A W,Hwang S T.Anisotropic in-plane permeability of fabric media[J].Polymer Engineering&Science,1991,31(16):1233.
16 Roy T,Pillai K M.Characterization of dual-scale fiber mats for unsaturated flow in liquid composite molding[J].Polymer Composites,2005,26(6):756.
17 Dragnevski K I,Routh A F,Murray M W,et al.Cracking of drying latex films:An ESEM experiment[J].Langmuir the Acs Journal of Surfaces&Colloids,2010,26(11):7747.
18Jenkins D R.Determination of crack spacing and penetration due to shrinkage of a solidifying layer[J].International Journal of Solids and Structures,2009,46(5):1078.