二氧化硅气凝胶/玻纤棉复合材料导热性的研究
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摘要
设计制备了二氧化硅气凝胶粉体材料,使用KH550将其表面改性后与粘结剂醋酸乙烯-乙烯共聚乳液搅拌为混合液,在超声波清洗器中将厚度为9 mm的玻璃纤维针刺棉浸入混合液中之后,干燥制备得二氧化硅气凝胶/玻纤棉复合材料。结果表明采用KH550表面改性的二氧化硅气凝胶材料在水性粘结剂中的溶解性良好,超声波处理有助于二氧化硅气凝胶材料均匀分散于玻璃纤维棉中;含二氧化硅气凝胶材料的玻璃纤维棉导热系数明显下降,且随温度升高,其隔热性能比普通玻璃纤维棉更好。对二氧化硅气凝胶/玻纤棉复合材料的导热机理进行了研究,结果表明二氧化硅气凝胶材料的存在有效削弱了玻璃纤维棉的热桥效应及其气相导热效果。
The silica aerogel powder was prepared. After treating this material with KH550, the material was mixed with binder vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion. 9 mm thick fiberglass mat was added into the mixture in an ultrasonic cleaner. After the mixture was dried, the silica aerogel/fiberglass mat composite was prepared. The test results indicated that the silica aerogel material modified using KH550 showed a good solubility in the aqueous binder, and ultrasonic treatment helped silica aerogel material disperse evenly in the fiberglass mat. The thermal conductivity of the fiberglass mat composite containing silica aerogel material decreased dramatically. Besides, as the ambient temperature rose, the thermal insulation performance of the prepared composite was better than that of common fiberglass mat. The heat conducting mechanism of silica aerogel/fiberglass mat composite was studied. The results showed that the presence of the silica aerogel material in the composite efficiently weakened the thermal bridge effect of the fiberglass mat and its gas phase heat conducting performance.
The silica aerogel powder was prepared. After treating this material with KH550, the material was mixed with binder vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion. 9 mm thick fiberglass mat was added into the mixture in an ultrasonic cleaner. After the mixture was dried, the silica aerogel/fiberglass mat composite was prepared. The test results indicated that the silica aerogel material modified using KH550 showed a good solubility in the aqueous binder, and ultrasonic treatment helped silica aerogel material disperse evenly in the fiberglass mat. The thermal conductivity of the fiberglass mat composite containing silica aerogel material decreased dramatically. Besides, as the ambient temperature rose, the thermal insulation performance of the prepared composite was better than that of common fiberglass mat. The heat conducting mechanism of silica aerogel/fiberglass mat composite was studied. The results showed that the presence of the silica aerogel material in the composite efficiently weakened the thermal bridge effect of the fiberglass mat and its gas phase heat conducting performance.
引文
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[4]Simón-Herrero C,Romero A,Valverde J L,et al.Hydroxyethyl cellulose/alumina-based aerogels as lightweight insulating materials with high mechanical strength[J].Journal of Materials Science,2018,53(2):1556-1567.
[5]Bertino M F.Rapid fabrication of hybrid aerogels and 3Dprinted porous materials[J].Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology,2018,86(2):239-254.
[6]Berardi U,Nosrati R H.Long-term thermal conductivity of aerogel-enhanced insulating materials under different laboratory aging conditions[J].Energy,2018,147:1188-1202.
[7]Zhu W,Li Y,Yu Y,et al.Environment-friendly bio-materials based on cotton-carbon aerogel for strontium removal from aqueous solution[J].Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry,2018,316(2):553-560.
[8]王晓晴,文庆珍,朱皓,等.可膨胀微球/硅橡胶泡沫隔热保温材料的制备及性能表征[J].功能材料,2018,49,(02):2152-2156+2162.
[9]Xie T,He Y L.Heat transfer characteristics of silica aerogel composite materials:Structure reconstruction and numerical modeling[J].International Journal of Heat&Mass Transfer,2016,95:621-635.
10]Tian X,Zhou Y,Tu X,et al.Well-dispersed LiFePOnanoparticles anchored on a three-dimensional graphene aerogel as high-performance positive electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries[J].Journal of Power Sources,2017,340:40-50.
[11]Kraner Zrim P,Mekjavic I B,Rijavec T.Properties of laminated silica aerogel fibrous matting composites for footwear applications[J].Textile Research Journal,2016,86(10):1063-1073.
[12]Zhu J,Yang X,Fu Z,et al.Facile fabrication of ultra-low density,high-surface-area,broadband antireflective carbon aerogels as ultra-black materials[J].Journal of Porous Materials,2016,23(5):1217-1225.
[13]Yang X,Shi K,Zhitomirsky I,et al.Cellulose Nanocrystal Aerogels as Universal 3D Lightweight Substrates for Supercapacitor Materials[J].Advanced Materials,2015,27(40):6104-6109.
[14]Berardi U,Naldi M.The impact of the temperature dependent thermal conductivity of insulating materials on the effective building envelope performance[J].Energy&Buildings,2017,121:918-925..
[15]张志华,王文琴,祖国庆,等.SiO2气凝胶材料的制备、性能及其低温保温隔热应用[J].航空材料学报,2015,35(01):87-96.
[16]Rueda M,Sanz-Moral L M,et al.Reversible hydrogen sorption in the composite made of magnesium borohydride and silica aerogel[J].International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2016,41(34):15245-15253.
[17]Meng J K,Fu L,Liu Y S,et al.Gas-liquid interfacial assembly and electrochemical properties of 3D highly dispersedα-Fe2O3 graphene aerogel composites with a hierarchical structure for applications in anodes of lithium ion batteries[J].Electrochimica Acta,2017,37(4):317-322.
[18]余煜玺,吴晓云,伞海生.常压干燥制备疏水性SiO2-玻璃纤维复合气凝胶及表征[J].材料工程,2015,43(8):31-36.
[19]Alwin S,Sahaya S X,Ranjini M,et al.Plasma treated TiO2aerogel nanostructures as photoanode material and its influence on the performance of quasi-solid dye-sensitized solar cells[J].Materials Research Bulletin,2017,86:201-208.