山西省大学生睡眠与身体形态及活动量的关系
摘要
目的了解大学生睡眠现状及其影响因素,为促进大学生身心健康提供科学依据。方法随机分层抽取山西省某高校1 984名大一至大四年级大学生进行匹兹堡睡眠质量数量表(PSQI)调查及体格测量,分析性别、年龄、入睡时间点、体质量指数(BMI)、身体活动量等对大学生睡眠质量的影响。结果大学生群体PSQI总分及睡眠障碍率为(4.40±0.72)分和8.1%,其中女生[(4.75±0.92)分,11.4%]高于男生[(4.27±0.69)分,4.9%],晚睡组[(4.74±0.92)分,8.7%]高于正常入睡组[(3.58±0.78)分,2.1%],偏瘦组[(5.10±0.68)分,15.0%]、超重组[(5.36±1.21)分,14.3%]高于BMI正常组[(4.08±0.84)分,5.9%],活动不足组[(5.02±1.01)分,10.3%]、活动中等组[(4.73±1.05)分,9.9%]高于活动充足组[(4.10±0.73)分,6.2%]。Logistic回归分析显示,除年龄组间及超重/正常组、活动中等/活动充足组出现睡眠障碍的风险值无统计学意义外,其他均有统计学意义。结论大学生睡眠质量不乐观,且存在性别差异。晚睡、BMI异常、身体活动量不足等会降低大学生睡眠质量,增加睡眠障碍发生风险。
引文
[1] 宋光辉.健身气功五禽戏对社区老年人体质状况和睡眠质量的影响研究[D].上海:上海师范大学,2018.
[2] 李樑.身体锻炼对大学生睡眠质量的影响及其心理机制的研究[D].上海:华东师范大学,2005.
[3] VGONTZAS A N,FERNANDEZ-MENDOZA J,BIXLER E O,et al.Persistent insomnia:the role of objective short sleep duration and mental health[J].Sleep,2012,35(1):61-68.
[4] 张妍,李飞,周文华,等.中国大学生睡眠质量与心理健康关系的多元分析[J].中国学校卫生,2014,35(3):381-384.
[5] 袁洁,刘斯漫,张涛,等.大学生人格特征及社会适应与睡眠障碍的关系[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2015,23(6):942-945.
[6] 徐春燕,李唯,潘超兰,等.大学生睡眠质量与饮食的关系研究[J].预防医学,2017,29(2):142-145.
[7] 肖殿民,蔡龙彪,黄瑶,等.大学生睡眠质量与饮食习惯的关系[J].中国学校卫生,2016,37(9):1424-1426.
[8] 严由伟,刘明艳,唐向东,等.压力反应、压力应对与睡眠质量关系研究述评[J].心理科学进展,2010,18(11):1734-1746.
[9] 刘灵,严由伟,林荣茂,等.大学生生活事件和睡眠质量的关系[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2011,25(4):308-309.
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[17] 王生平.高原地区大学生睡眠质量调查[J].卫生职业教育,2009,27(22):106.
[18] 龚清海,李辉,王锋,等.宁波市青少年睡眠与超重肥胖的相关性[J].中国学校卫生,2017,38(10):1493-1495.
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[22] MINDELL J A,MELTZER L J,CARSKADON M A,et al.Developmental aspects of sleep hygiene:findings from the 2004 National Sleep Foundation Sleep in America Poll[J].Sleep Med,2009,10(7):771-779.
[23] 郭松霞,郭菲,陈祉妍.青少年晚睡影响因素及与抑郁和外化问题关系[J].中国公共卫生,2018,34(12):1618-1622.
[24] SHINGO K,MINORI E,YUICHI K,et al.Association between delayed bedtime and sleep-related problems among community-dwelling 2-year-old children in Japan[J].J Physiol Anthropol,2015,34(1):12-17.
[25] CAPPUCCIO F P,TAGGART F M,KANDALA N B,et al.Meta-analysis of short sleep duration and obesity in children and adults[J].Sleep,2008,31(5):619-626.
[26] TWOROGER S S,YASUI Y,VITIELLO M V,et al.Effects of a year long moderate intensity exercise and a stretching intervention on sleep quality in postmenopausal women[J].Sleep,2003,26(7):830-836.
[27] CEOLIM M F,MENNA-BARRETO L.Sleep/wake cycle and physical activity in healthy elderly people[J].Sleep Res,2000,3(3):87-95.
[28] OHAYON M M.Interactions between sleep normative data and sociocultural characteristics in the elderly[J].J Psychosom Res,2004,56 (5):479-486.
[29] HURDIEL R,WATIER T,HONN K,et al.Effects of a 12-week physical activities programme on sleep in female university students[J].Res Sports Med,2017,25(2):191.
[30] CHANG A M,AESCHBACH D,DUFFY J F,et al.Evening use of light-emitting e-readers negatively affects sleep,circadian timing,and next-morning alertness[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,2015,112(4):1232-1237.
[2] 李樑.身体锻炼对大学生睡眠质量的影响及其心理机制的研究[D].上海:华东师范大学,2005.
[3] VGONTZAS A N,FERNANDEZ-MENDOZA J,BIXLER E O,et al.Persistent insomnia:the role of objective short sleep duration and mental health[J].Sleep,2012,35(1):61-68.
[4] 张妍,李飞,周文华,等.中国大学生睡眠质量与心理健康关系的多元分析[J].中国学校卫生,2014,35(3):381-384.
[5] 袁洁,刘斯漫,张涛,等.大学生人格特征及社会适应与睡眠障碍的关系[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2015,23(6):942-945.
[6] 徐春燕,李唯,潘超兰,等.大学生睡眠质量与饮食的关系研究[J].预防医学,2017,29(2):142-145.
[7] 肖殿民,蔡龙彪,黄瑶,等.大学生睡眠质量与饮食习惯的关系[J].中国学校卫生,2016,37(9):1424-1426.
[8] 严由伟,刘明艳,唐向东,等.压力反应、压力应对与睡眠质量关系研究述评[J].心理科学进展,2010,18(11):1734-1746.
[9] 刘灵,严由伟,林荣茂,等.大学生生活事件和睡眠质量的关系[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2011,25(4):308-309.
[10] DEMIRCI K,AKGONUI M,AKPINAR A.Relationship of smartphone use severity with sleep quality,depression and anxiety in university students[J].J Behav Addict,2015,4(2):85-92.
[11] 蔡宏亚,廖少玲,杨招娣,等.网络对大学生睡眠质量的影响调查[J].世界睡眠医学杂志,2014,1(6):358-360,364.
[12] 刘贤臣,唐茂芹,胡蕾,等.匹兹堡睡眠质量指数的信度和效度研究[J].中华精神科杂志,1996,29(2):103-107.
[13] 卢会醒.湖北省普通高校大学生体育活动现状及抑郁状况调查研究[D].武汉:武汉体育学院,2007.
[14] PATE R R,PRATT M,BLAIR S N,et al.Physical activity and public health:a recommendation from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American College of Sports of Sports Medicine[J].JAMA,1995,273(5):402-407.
[15] 李森,盛蕾.成年人肥胖及其影响因素的纵向研究[J].中国体育科技,2014,50(2):71-77.
[16] 潘敬菊,谭晓东,谢朝军.大学生睡眠质量和相关影响因素调查[J].中国热带医学,2007,7(5):845-847.
[17] 王生平.高原地区大学生睡眠质量调查[J].卫生职业教育,2009,27(22):106.
[18] 龚清海,李辉,王锋,等.宁波市青少年睡眠与超重肥胖的相关性[J].中国学校卫生,2017,38(10):1493-1495.
[19] GREEN M J,ESPIE C A,HUNT K,et al.The longitudinal course of insomnia symptoms:inequalities by sex and occupational class among two different age cohorts followed for 20 years in the West of Scotland[J].Sleep,2012,35(6):815-823.
[20] ZHANG B,WING Y K.Sex differences in insomnia:a meta-analysis[J].Sleep,2006,29(1):85-93.
[21] DUFFY J F,CAIN S W,CHANG A M,et al.Sex difference in the near-24-hour intrinsic period of the human circadian timing system[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,2011,108(3):15602-15608.
[22] MINDELL J A,MELTZER L J,CARSKADON M A,et al.Developmental aspects of sleep hygiene:findings from the 2004 National Sleep Foundation Sleep in America Poll[J].Sleep Med,2009,10(7):771-779.
[23] 郭松霞,郭菲,陈祉妍.青少年晚睡影响因素及与抑郁和外化问题关系[J].中国公共卫生,2018,34(12):1618-1622.
[24] SHINGO K,MINORI E,YUICHI K,et al.Association between delayed bedtime and sleep-related problems among community-dwelling 2-year-old children in Japan[J].J Physiol Anthropol,2015,34(1):12-17.
[25] CAPPUCCIO F P,TAGGART F M,KANDALA N B,et al.Meta-analysis of short sleep duration and obesity in children and adults[J].Sleep,2008,31(5):619-626.
[26] TWOROGER S S,YASUI Y,VITIELLO M V,et al.Effects of a year long moderate intensity exercise and a stretching intervention on sleep quality in postmenopausal women[J].Sleep,2003,26(7):830-836.
[27] CEOLIM M F,MENNA-BARRETO L.Sleep/wake cycle and physical activity in healthy elderly people[J].Sleep Res,2000,3(3):87-95.
[28] OHAYON M M.Interactions between sleep normative data and sociocultural characteristics in the elderly[J].J Psychosom Res,2004,56 (5):479-486.
[29] HURDIEL R,WATIER T,HONN K,et al.Effects of a 12-week physical activities programme on sleep in female university students[J].Res Sports Med,2017,25(2):191.
[30] CHANG A M,AESCHBACH D,DUFFY J F,et al.Evening use of light-emitting e-readers negatively affects sleep,circadian timing,and next-morning alertness[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,2015,112(4):1232-1237.