2013-2017年达州市艾滋病疫情分析
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摘要
目的分析达州市艾滋病疫情现状与特征,明确工作重点,为政府决策提供科学依据。方法对达州市近5年来艾滋病疫情资料进行描述性和统计学分析。结果达州市截止2017年底现存活艾滋病病毒感染者(HIV)和患者(AIDS)4 146例,其中AIDS人2 410例,累计死亡2 995例;病例主要集中在大竹县、达川区和通川区,共占全市总病例数的73.11%;发病年龄以25~69岁为主(87.51%),男女之比为2.15∶1;传播途径以性传播为主,异性传播占80.46%,同性传播为9.36%;高危人群中男同艾滋病检出阳性率最高并一直维持在9%以上;2013-2017年全市艾滋病筛查检测人数和检测覆盖率不断上升,但检测阳性率从最高2014年的17.35/万逐年下降到2017年的10.28/万。结论达州市属艾滋病高流行地区,通过有效的防控措施,疫情上升趋势得到了一定的控制,自2016年起呈逐年平稳下降状态,但性传播途径高发,近年来男性商业性行为、女性配偶阳性比重较大,加强性接触传播防控的力度是今后的工作重点。
Objective To analyze the current situation and characteristics of AIDS in Dazhou city,make the focus of work clear,and to provide scientific basis for government policy. Methods Descriptive and statistical analysis was used for AIDS epidemic data in the last 5 years in Dazhou. Results By the end of 2017,there were 4 146 HIV cases of people living,including 2 410 AIDS patients,grand total 2 995 people dead. The HIV cases were mainly concentrated in Dazhu County,Dachuan District and Tongchuan District,accounted for 73. 11 % of the tota. The age of morbidity was from 25 to 69 years old,accounted for 87. 51%,male to female ratio was2. 15 ∶1. The transmission route was mainly sexual transmission,the heterosexual transmission accounted for80. 46 % and the homosexual transmission was 9. 36 %. Among the high risk groups,the positive rate of male homozygous AIDS detection was the highest and remained above 9 %. The number of people tested for HIV screening and the coverage of HIV testing have been increasing steadily from 2013 to 2017,but the positive rate of testing has been decreasing from 17. 35 million in 2014 to 10. 28 million in 2017. Conclusion Dazhou was a high HIV epidemic area,through the effective prevention and control measures,the epidemic trend got some control,since 2016 it has been steadily decreased,but the incidence of sexual transmission in recent years,male commercial sex,female spouse had a larger proportion of positive,with strong efforts to prevent and control the spread of HIV by sexual contact is the focus of future work.
Objective To analyze the current situation and characteristics of AIDS in Dazhou city,make the focus of work clear,and to provide scientific basis for government policy. Methods Descriptive and statistical analysis was used for AIDS epidemic data in the last 5 years in Dazhou. Results By the end of 2017,there were 4 146 HIV cases of people living,including 2 410 AIDS patients,grand total 2 995 people dead. The HIV cases were mainly concentrated in Dazhu County,Dachuan District and Tongchuan District,accounted for 73. 11 % of the tota. The age of morbidity was from 25 to 69 years old,accounted for 87. 51%,male to female ratio was2. 15 ∶1. The transmission route was mainly sexual transmission,the heterosexual transmission accounted for80. 46 % and the homosexual transmission was 9. 36 %. Among the high risk groups,the positive rate of male homozygous AIDS detection was the highest and remained above 9 %. The number of people tested for HIV screening and the coverage of HIV testing have been increasing steadily from 2013 to 2017,but the positive rate of testing has been decreasing from 17. 35 million in 2014 to 10. 28 million in 2017. Conclusion Dazhou was a high HIV epidemic area,through the effective prevention and control measures,the epidemic trend got some control,since 2016 it has been steadily decreased,but the incidence of sexual transmission in recent years,male commercial sex,female spouse had a larger proportion of positive,with strong efforts to prevent and control the spread of HIV by sexual contact is the focus of future work.
引文
[1]赵山平,张婉筠,赵桂萍.昆明市艾滋病自愿咨询检测情况分析[J].现代预防医学,2008,35(18):3635-3636.
[2]李维美,尹文邦,李本强,等.2008-2011年云南省梁河县艾滋病自愿咨询检测人群HIV感染率及影响因素分析[J].中国健康教育,2013,29(2):155-157.
[3]袁风顺,罗映娟,胡莹,等.四川省2011-2015年报告的50岁及以上HIV/AIDS病例相关分析[J].中国艾滋病性病,2016,22(12):968-970.
[4]王丽艳,秦倩倩,葛琳,等.我国50岁及以上艾滋病病毒感染者/艾滋病患者特征分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2016,37(2):222-226.
[5]胡莹,李宁秀,刘莉,等.四川省2012年艾滋病疫情分析[J].中国煤炭工业医学杂志,2014,17(2):292-294.
[6]陈洪瑶,罗小莉,唐梅,等.对2012年达州市艾滋病高危人群哨点监测结果分析[J].当代医药论丛,2014,16:164-165.
[7]王卓.2013年达州市6类人群艾滋病哨点监测结果分析[J].中国预防医学杂志,2015,4:300-303.
[8]雷章权,罗小莉,陈洪瑶,等.四川省达州市114例男男性接触者HIV/AIDS病例分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2014,18(12):1221-1222.
[9]王卓,龙清泉,冯雷,等.2010-2014年达州市MSM艾滋病哨点监测分析[J].中国艾滋病性病,2015,11:957-960.
[10]陈洪瑶,龙清泉,罗小莉,等.2010-2013年达州市暗娼人群艾滋病监测结果分析[J].职业卫生与病伤,2015,30(2):86-89.
[11]王连华,许圆圆,翁坚,等.浙江省台州地区男男性行为人群艾滋病病毒感染及艾滋病相关危险行为横断面调查[J].疾病监测,2013,28(5):362-365.
[2]李维美,尹文邦,李本强,等.2008-2011年云南省梁河县艾滋病自愿咨询检测人群HIV感染率及影响因素分析[J].中国健康教育,2013,29(2):155-157.
[3]袁风顺,罗映娟,胡莹,等.四川省2011-2015年报告的50岁及以上HIV/AIDS病例相关分析[J].中国艾滋病性病,2016,22(12):968-970.
[4]王丽艳,秦倩倩,葛琳,等.我国50岁及以上艾滋病病毒感染者/艾滋病患者特征分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2016,37(2):222-226.
[5]胡莹,李宁秀,刘莉,等.四川省2012年艾滋病疫情分析[J].中国煤炭工业医学杂志,2014,17(2):292-294.
[6]陈洪瑶,罗小莉,唐梅,等.对2012年达州市艾滋病高危人群哨点监测结果分析[J].当代医药论丛,2014,16:164-165.
[7]王卓.2013年达州市6类人群艾滋病哨点监测结果分析[J].中国预防医学杂志,2015,4:300-303.
[8]雷章权,罗小莉,陈洪瑶,等.四川省达州市114例男男性接触者HIV/AIDS病例分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2014,18(12):1221-1222.
[9]王卓,龙清泉,冯雷,等.2010-2014年达州市MSM艾滋病哨点监测分析[J].中国艾滋病性病,2015,11:957-960.
[10]陈洪瑶,龙清泉,罗小莉,等.2010-2013年达州市暗娼人群艾滋病监测结果分析[J].职业卫生与病伤,2015,30(2):86-89.
[11]王连华,许圆圆,翁坚,等.浙江省台州地区男男性行为人群艾滋病病毒感染及艾滋病相关危险行为横断面调查[J].疾病监测,2013,28(5):362-365.