绒山羊非长绒期埋植褪黑激素对其产绒性能和血浆褪黑激素浓度的影响
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摘要
为研究内蒙古绒山羊非长绒期埋植褪黑激素对其产绒性能和血浆褪黑激素浓度的影响,采用完全随机试验设计方法,将18只体重基本一致、上一年产绒量较为接近的3周岁内蒙古绒山羊半同胞母羊,随机分为2组,一组为对照组,另一组为试验组,每组9只羊。试验组于抓绒后在羊颈部皮下2次埋植褪黑激素(5月中旬和7月中旬),试验期共5个月。试验开始后逐月观察山羊绒生长情况;当埋植组或对照组开始长绒时,剪取绒毛样品用于生长量和细度测量;每月采集血样分析血浆褪黑激素含量。结果表明:1)埋植组大部分绒山羊6月底羊绒已经长出体表,7月底所用试验羊均已长绒,而对照组8月底大部分羊开始长绒,直至9月底才全部长绒。2)7月底,当对照组还没有长绒时,埋植组羊绒平均长度达34.95mm;9月底,当对照组全部长绒,平均羊绒长度达到22.45mm时,埋植组羊绒平均长度已达57.51 mm,显著高于对照组(P<0.05);埋植褪黑激素对羊绒细度无影响(P>0.05)。3)对照组从6月起无论白天还是黑夜褪黑激素浓度均逐渐升高,至8月达到最大水平,埋植组在7月达到最高浓度,后缓慢下降至自然水平。在6和7月份,埋植组白天和夜晚血浆褪黑激素含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而8和9月份2组间差异不显著(P>0.05),但8月份埋植组有高于对照组的趋势。因此,内蒙古绒山羊抓绒后,按2mg/kg(BW)的剂量分2次埋植褪黑激素,可提高血浆中褪黑激素的浓度并诱导山羊绒提前萌发,并且不会影响细度。
The study was conducted to investigate the effects of melatonin implantation on cashmere yield,length,fibre diameter and plasma melatonin concentration of Inner Mongolia cashmere goats during the cashmere non-growing period.Eighteen 3-year-old,female,half-sib,Inner Mongolian cashmere goats with similar weight and cashmere yield in the previous year were randomly assigned to two groups(n=9)including a control group and a melatonin implantation group that was implanted with melatonin on May 15 th and July 21 st,respectively.Cashmere growth was observed,and the cashmere fibre samples and blood samples were collected monthly following implantation until the end of the experiment on September 29 th,2014.The results showed that:1)Melatonin implantation on May 15 th initiated cashmere growth ahead of schedule in June and the cashmere growth in all of the melatonin-treated goats was initiated in July.2)The average length of cashmere in melatonin implantation group was 34.95 mm in June.However,the growth of cashmere in control group was not initiated.When the length of cashmere in control group was just up to 22.45 mm,the treatment group reached 57.51 mm,which was significant higher than the former(P<0.05).The administration of melatonin had no influence in cashmere fibre diameters(P>0.05).3)The concentration of melatonin of control group increased to its maximum in August from June and July of the melatonin implantation group,which decreased to normal level in August.The melatonin concentrations of melatonin implantation group both in the daytime and nighttime were significantly higher than those in control group in June and July(P<0.05),and there was no difference in August and September(P>0.05).The data indicated that melatonin implantation after combing could increase plasma melatonin concentration significantly and induce cashmere growth.
The study was conducted to investigate the effects of melatonin implantation on cashmere yield,length,fibre diameter and plasma melatonin concentration of Inner Mongolia cashmere goats during the cashmere non-growing period.Eighteen 3-year-old,female,half-sib,Inner Mongolian cashmere goats with similar weight and cashmere yield in the previous year were randomly assigned to two groups(n=9)including a control group and a melatonin implantation group that was implanted with melatonin on May 15 th and July 21 st,respectively.Cashmere growth was observed,and the cashmere fibre samples and blood samples were collected monthly following implantation until the end of the experiment on September 29 th,2014.The results showed that:1)Melatonin implantation on May 15 th initiated cashmere growth ahead of schedule in June and the cashmere growth in all of the melatonin-treated goats was initiated in July.2)The average length of cashmere in melatonin implantation group was 34.95 mm in June.However,the growth of cashmere in control group was not initiated.When the length of cashmere in control group was just up to 22.45 mm,the treatment group reached 57.51 mm,which was significant higher than the former(P<0.05).The administration of melatonin had no influence in cashmere fibre diameters(P>0.05).3)The concentration of melatonin of control group increased to its maximum in August from June and July of the melatonin implantation group,which decreased to normal level in August.The melatonin concentrations of melatonin implantation group both in the daytime and nighttime were significantly higher than those in control group in June and July(P<0.05),and there was no difference in August and September(P>0.05).The data indicated that melatonin implantation after combing could increase plasma melatonin concentration significantly and induce cashmere growth.
引文
[1]Mcdonald B J,Hoey W A,Hopkins P S.Cyclical fleece growth in cashmere goats[J].Australian Journal of Agricultural Research,1987,38(3):597-609
[2]Todini L,Terzano G M,Borghese A,Debenedetti A,Malfatti A.Plasma melatonin in domestic female Mediterranean sheep(Comisana breed)and goats(Maltese and Red Syrian)[J].Research in Veterinary Science,2011,90(1):35-39
[3]Dicks P,Russel A J F,Lincoln G A.The effect of melatonin implants administered from December until April,on plasma prolactin,triiodothyronine and thyroxine concentrations and on the timing of the spring moult in cashmere goats[J].Animal Science,1995,60(2):239-247
[4]Teh T H,Jia Z H,Ogden K D.The effects of photoperiod and melatonin implant on cashmere production[J].Journal of Animal Science,1991,69:496
[5]Kl9ren W R L,Norton B W.Melatonin and fleece growth in Australian cashmere goats[J].Small Ruminant Research,1995,17(2):179-185
[6]柳建昌,桂荣,赵青山.褪黑素对内蒙阿白山羊在非生绒季节促绒生长及绒产量的影响[J].动物学杂志.1994,29(3):46-50Liu J C,Gui R,Zhao Q S.Effects of melatonin on the cashmere growth and production White cashmere goats[J].Chinese Journal of Zoology,1994,29(3):46-50(in Chinese)
[7]柳建昌,尹协镇,方天祺.褪黑素对中国绒山羊在非生绒期促绒生长与绒产量的影响[J].动物学杂志.1998,33(3):9-13Liu J C,Yin X Z,Fang T Q.Effect of melatonin on the cashmere growth and production of Chinese White goats[J].Chinese Journal of Zoology,1998,33(3):9-13(in Chinese)
[8]初文生,刘影,段春辉,张欢,许建海,刘少峰,刘少卿,张微.内蒙古绒山羊非生绒期内褪黑激素埋植时间对山羊绒生产性能的影响[J].中国农业大学学报.2015,20(3):121-128Chu W S,Liu Y,Duan C H,Xu J H,Liu S F,Liu S Q,Zhang W.Effect of melatonin implantation time on cashmere production of Inner Mongolia cashmere goats during the cashmere non-growing period[J].Journal of China Agricultural University,2015,20(3):121-125(in Chinese)
[9]O’Neill K,Litherland A J,Hamilton G.Melatonin for cashmere production in breeding does[J].Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production,1992,52:161-164
[10]Kl9ren W R L,Norton B W.Melatonin and fleece growth in Australian cashmere goats[J].Small Ruminant Research,1995,17(2):179-185
[11]Wuliji T,Litherland A,Goetsch A L,Sahlu T,Puchala R,Dawson L J,Gipson T.Evaluation of melatonin and bromocryptine administration in Spanish goats II.Effect on seasonal cashmere growth,yield and fiber characteristics of does[J].Small Ruminant Research,2003,49(1):41-49
[12]岳春旺,张微,孔祥浩,刘海英,贾志海.褪黑激素对内蒙古白绒山羊产绒性能的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志.2007,43(7):32-34Yue C W,Zhang W,Kong X H,Liu H Y,Jia Z H.Effect of melatonin on cashmere performance in Inner Mongolia White cashmere goats[J].China Journal of Animal Science,2007,43(7):32-34(in Chinese)
[13]王林枫,卢德勋,孙海洲,赵秀英,珊丹.光照和褪黑激素对内蒙古绒山羊氮分配和产绒性能的影响[J].中国农业科学.2006,39(5):1004-1010Wang L F,Lu D X,Sun H Z,Zhao X Y,Shan D.Effects of photoperiod and melatonin on nitrogen partitioning and cashmere growth in Inner Mongolia White cashmere goats[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2006,39(5):1004-1010(in Chinese)
[14]常子丽.持续埋植褪黑素对绒山羊绒毛生长特性和相关基因影响的研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2010Chang Z L.Study on effect of constant-release melatonin implants on the cashmere growth traits of cashmere goats and related gene[D].Huhht:Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,2010(in Chinese)
[15]贾志海.不同光周期和褪黑激素对绒山羊生产性能影响[J].中国畜牧杂志.1995,31(4):8-10Jia Z H.Effect of photoperiod and melatonin on cashmere production[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science,1995,31(4):8-10(in Chinese)
[16]牛一兵,贾志海,卢德勋,郭宝林,孔祥浩,王润莲.放牧条件下绒山羊绒毛季节性生长变化规律的研究[J].动物营养学报.2005(2):33-37Niu Y B,Jia Z H,Lu D X,Guo B L,Kong X H,Wang R L.Study on dynamic change of cashmere growth of grazing cashmere goats[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2005(2):33-37(in Chinese)
[17]岳春旺,孙茂红,朱晓萍,张微,孔祥浩,贾志海.外源褪黑激素对绒山羊皮肤脱碘酶活性的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2011,39(6):49-54Yue C W,Sun M H,Zhu X P,Zhang W,Kong X H,Jia Z H.Effect of melatonin on the monodeiodinase activity in skin of cashmere goats[J].Journal of Northwest A&F University:Natural Science Edition,2011,39(6):49-54(in Chinese)
[18]Nixon A J,Choy V J,Parry A L,Pearson A J.Fiber growth initiation in hair-follicles of goats treated with melatonin[J].Journal of Experimental Zoology,1993,267(1):47-56
[19]陈玉林,张小辉.不同绵羊品种褪黑激素的季节性及昼夜变化规律研究[J].家畜生态学报,2005,26(1):35-38Chen Y L,Zhang X H.The seasonal and diurnal changes of blood melatonin in different breeds of sheep[J].Ecology of Domestic Animal,2005,26(1):35-38(in Chinese)
[20]王林枫.光照和埋植褪黑激素对内蒙古白绒山羊含氮物质分配和产绒性能的影响及调控的研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2005Wang L F.Effects of photoperiod and implanted melatonin on nitrogenous compounds partitioning,cashmere growth and its manipulation in Inner Mongolia White cashmere goats[D].Huhht:Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,2004(in Chinese)
[2]Todini L,Terzano G M,Borghese A,Debenedetti A,Malfatti A.Plasma melatonin in domestic female Mediterranean sheep(Comisana breed)and goats(Maltese and Red Syrian)[J].Research in Veterinary Science,2011,90(1):35-39
[3]Dicks P,Russel A J F,Lincoln G A.The effect of melatonin implants administered from December until April,on plasma prolactin,triiodothyronine and thyroxine concentrations and on the timing of the spring moult in cashmere goats[J].Animal Science,1995,60(2):239-247
[4]Teh T H,Jia Z H,Ogden K D.The effects of photoperiod and melatonin implant on cashmere production[J].Journal of Animal Science,1991,69:496
[5]Kl9ren W R L,Norton B W.Melatonin and fleece growth in Australian cashmere goats[J].Small Ruminant Research,1995,17(2):179-185
[6]柳建昌,桂荣,赵青山.褪黑素对内蒙阿白山羊在非生绒季节促绒生长及绒产量的影响[J].动物学杂志.1994,29(3):46-50Liu J C,Gui R,Zhao Q S.Effects of melatonin on the cashmere growth and production White cashmere goats[J].Chinese Journal of Zoology,1994,29(3):46-50(in Chinese)
[7]柳建昌,尹协镇,方天祺.褪黑素对中国绒山羊在非生绒期促绒生长与绒产量的影响[J].动物学杂志.1998,33(3):9-13Liu J C,Yin X Z,Fang T Q.Effect of melatonin on the cashmere growth and production of Chinese White goats[J].Chinese Journal of Zoology,1998,33(3):9-13(in Chinese)
[8]初文生,刘影,段春辉,张欢,许建海,刘少峰,刘少卿,张微.内蒙古绒山羊非生绒期内褪黑激素埋植时间对山羊绒生产性能的影响[J].中国农业大学学报.2015,20(3):121-128Chu W S,Liu Y,Duan C H,Xu J H,Liu S F,Liu S Q,Zhang W.Effect of melatonin implantation time on cashmere production of Inner Mongolia cashmere goats during the cashmere non-growing period[J].Journal of China Agricultural University,2015,20(3):121-125(in Chinese)
[9]O’Neill K,Litherland A J,Hamilton G.Melatonin for cashmere production in breeding does[J].Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production,1992,52:161-164
[10]Kl9ren W R L,Norton B W.Melatonin and fleece growth in Australian cashmere goats[J].Small Ruminant Research,1995,17(2):179-185
[11]Wuliji T,Litherland A,Goetsch A L,Sahlu T,Puchala R,Dawson L J,Gipson T.Evaluation of melatonin and bromocryptine administration in Spanish goats II.Effect on seasonal cashmere growth,yield and fiber characteristics of does[J].Small Ruminant Research,2003,49(1):41-49
[12]岳春旺,张微,孔祥浩,刘海英,贾志海.褪黑激素对内蒙古白绒山羊产绒性能的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志.2007,43(7):32-34Yue C W,Zhang W,Kong X H,Liu H Y,Jia Z H.Effect of melatonin on cashmere performance in Inner Mongolia White cashmere goats[J].China Journal of Animal Science,2007,43(7):32-34(in Chinese)
[13]王林枫,卢德勋,孙海洲,赵秀英,珊丹.光照和褪黑激素对内蒙古绒山羊氮分配和产绒性能的影响[J].中国农业科学.2006,39(5):1004-1010Wang L F,Lu D X,Sun H Z,Zhao X Y,Shan D.Effects of photoperiod and melatonin on nitrogen partitioning and cashmere growth in Inner Mongolia White cashmere goats[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2006,39(5):1004-1010(in Chinese)
[14]常子丽.持续埋植褪黑素对绒山羊绒毛生长特性和相关基因影响的研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2010Chang Z L.Study on effect of constant-release melatonin implants on the cashmere growth traits of cashmere goats and related gene[D].Huhht:Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,2010(in Chinese)
[15]贾志海.不同光周期和褪黑激素对绒山羊生产性能影响[J].中国畜牧杂志.1995,31(4):8-10Jia Z H.Effect of photoperiod and melatonin on cashmere production[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science,1995,31(4):8-10(in Chinese)
[16]牛一兵,贾志海,卢德勋,郭宝林,孔祥浩,王润莲.放牧条件下绒山羊绒毛季节性生长变化规律的研究[J].动物营养学报.2005(2):33-37Niu Y B,Jia Z H,Lu D X,Guo B L,Kong X H,Wang R L.Study on dynamic change of cashmere growth of grazing cashmere goats[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2005(2):33-37(in Chinese)
[17]岳春旺,孙茂红,朱晓萍,张微,孔祥浩,贾志海.外源褪黑激素对绒山羊皮肤脱碘酶活性的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2011,39(6):49-54Yue C W,Sun M H,Zhu X P,Zhang W,Kong X H,Jia Z H.Effect of melatonin on the monodeiodinase activity in skin of cashmere goats[J].Journal of Northwest A&F University:Natural Science Edition,2011,39(6):49-54(in Chinese)
[18]Nixon A J,Choy V J,Parry A L,Pearson A J.Fiber growth initiation in hair-follicles of goats treated with melatonin[J].Journal of Experimental Zoology,1993,267(1):47-56
[19]陈玉林,张小辉.不同绵羊品种褪黑激素的季节性及昼夜变化规律研究[J].家畜生态学报,2005,26(1):35-38Chen Y L,Zhang X H.The seasonal and diurnal changes of blood melatonin in different breeds of sheep[J].Ecology of Domestic Animal,2005,26(1):35-38(in Chinese)
[20]王林枫.光照和埋植褪黑激素对内蒙古白绒山羊含氮物质分配和产绒性能的影响及调控的研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2005Wang L F.Effects of photoperiod and implanted melatonin on nitrogenous compounds partitioning,cashmere growth and its manipulation in Inner Mongolia White cashmere goats[D].Huhht:Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,2004(in Chinese)