西伯利亚鲟幼鱼骨骼系统解剖研究
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摘要
为了解西伯利亚鲟(Acipenser baeri)骨骼系统的形态特征,采用传统的解剖法和透明骨法对西伯利亚鲟幼鱼进行解剖观察,为西伯利亚鲟在形态学和分类学的研究提供基础资料。结果表明:西伯利亚鲟幼鱼骨骼系统由主轴骨骼和附肢骨骼两部分构成,主轴骨骼包括头骨、脊柱和肋骨,附肢骨骼由鳍条、支鳍骨骼和带骨构成。对比分析发现,西伯利亚鲟和施氏鲟骨骼系统的组成与构造较为相似,其原因可能是其对高纬度低水温环境长期适应的结果。
To investigate the structure characteristics of skeleton of Acipenser baeri, the conventional method was used to study the skeletal system of A. baeri Brandt mainly focusing on morphology and taxonomy. The results showed that the skeletal system of A. baeri Brandt juvenile consists of two parts, axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton of A. baeri was composed of skull, vertebral column and ribs. The appendicular skeleton of A. baeri included fin-ray, pterygiophore and girdle. We found that the skeletal system of A. baeri Brandt was more similar to Acipenser schrencki Brandt than other sturgeons, which probably explained by the long-term life adaptation to the high latitude and low temperature environment.
To investigate the structure characteristics of skeleton of Acipenser baeri, the conventional method was used to study the skeletal system of A. baeri Brandt mainly focusing on morphology and taxonomy. The results showed that the skeletal system of A. baeri Brandt juvenile consists of two parts, axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton of A. baeri was composed of skull, vertebral column and ribs. The appendicular skeleton of A. baeri included fin-ray, pterygiophore and girdle. We found that the skeletal system of A. baeri Brandt was more similar to Acipenser schrencki Brandt than other sturgeons, which probably explained by the long-term life adaptation to the high latitude and low temperature environment.
引文
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[23]Liang L Q,Sun X W,Dong C Z,et al.PCR analysis on genetic diversity of five species of Acipenseridae and Huso[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2002,9(3):273-276[梁利群,孙效文,董崇智,等.5种鲟、鳇鱼基因组DNA遗传多样性分析.中国水产科学,2002,9(3):273-276]
[24]Yang J X.The biological of fishes of Fuxain lake,Yunnan,with comments on their adaptations to the lacustrine environments[J].Zoological Research,1994,15(2):1-9[杨君兴.云南抚仙湖鱼类的若干生物学特性及其对湖泊环境的适应.动物学研究,1994,15(2):1-9]
[2]Moy-Thomas J A,Miles R S.Palaeozoic Fishes[M].In:Wang J Q,Liu X T,Liu Y H(Eds.),Beijing:SciencePress.1981,1-263[Moy-Thomas J A,Miles R S.[古生代鱼类.王俊卿,刘宪亭,刘玉海,译.北京:科学出版社.1981,1-263]
[3]Wu Y F,Wu C Z.The Fishes of the Qinghai Xizang Plateau[M].Chengdu:Sichuan Science and Technology Publishing House.1992,67-67[武云飞,吴翠珍.青藏高原鱼类.成都:四川科学技术出版社.1992,67-67]
[4]Xing L L,Yang G S,Gao W,et al.Skull system of Ophiocephatus argus Cantor[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Univeraitatis NeiMenggol,1997,28(5):678-686[邢莲莲,杨贵生,高武,等.乌鳢骨骼系统的解剖.内蒙古大学学报,1997,28(5):678-686]
[5]Yang S Y,Liao Y F,Yang K,et al.Skull system of Schizothorax prenanti[J].Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2012,25(4):1478-1482[杨世勇,廖宇峰,杨坤,等.齐口裂腹鱼头骨系统解剖.西南农业大学报,2012,25(4):1478-1482]
[6]Zhao H T,Chen Y X,Hu S Y,et al.Study on the skeletal system of Schizothorax graham[J].Sichuan Journal of Zoology,2012,31(2):269-273[赵海涛,陈永祥,胡思玉,等.昆明裂腹鱼骨骼系统解剖.四川动物,2012,31(2):269-273]
[7]Chen Y X,Liu J,Liu L.Comparative osteology in eight sparid fishes(Osteichthyes:Perciformes)with remarks on their classification[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2014,38(9):1360-1374[陈咏霞,刘静,刘龙.中国鲷科鱼类骨骼系统比较及属种间分类地位探讨.水产学报,2014,38(9):1360-1374]
[8]Zhang Z F,Shi Y H,Zhang G Y,et al.Early development of the vertebral column and the appendicular skeleton in the Coilia nasus[J].Fisheries Science&Technology Information,2015,42(4):175-178[张宗锋,施永海,张根玉,等.刀鲚脊柱及附肢骨骼早期发育研究.水产科技情报,2015,42(4):175-178]
[9]Wang X Z,He S P.The osteological feature of Aspidoparia morar(Hamilton),1822,with special reference to its systematic position[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2002,26(3):253-258[王绪桢,何舜平.异鲴的骨骼形态及其属的分类位置.水生生物学报,2002,26(3):253-258]
[10]Zhou S J,Ma T,Hu J,et al.Skeleton development observation of Lates calcarifer larva fish[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,2018,49(3):592-598[周胜杰,马婷,胡静,等.尖吻鲈仔鱼骨骼发育观察.南方农业学报,2018,49(3):592-598]
[11]Southwest normal university biology department animal teaching and research group.The anatomy of Psephurus Gladius(Maztens)[J].Journal of Southwest China Normal University,1960,2:79-129[西南师范学院生物系动物教研组.白鲟鱼Psephurus Gladius(Maztens)的解剖.西南师范学院学报,1960,2:79-129]
[12]Southwest normal university biology department animal teaching and research group.The anatomy of Acipenserdabnynus(Deumaril)[J].Journal of Southwest China Normal University,1960,2:72-121[西南师范学院生物系动物教研组.黄鲟鱼Acipenser dabnynus(Deumaril)的解剖.西南师范学院学报,1960,2:72-121]
[13]Luo Q S,He X F.The anatomy of Acipenser sinensis Gray[J].Journal of Southwest China Normal University(Natural Science Edition),1980,2:7-30[罗泉笙,何学福.中华鲟的解剖.西南师范学院学报(自然科学版),1980,2:7-30]
[14]Li H M,Ning H L,Yuan J K.The anatomy of the skeletal system of Acipenser schrencki Brandt[J].Journal of Harbin Normal University(Natural Science),1964,157-168[李怀明,宁惠兰,袁敬坤.北鲟Acipenser schrencki Brandt骨骼系统解剖.哈尔滨师范学院学报(自然科学版),1964,157-168]
[15]Zhang S Y.Fauna Sinica:Osteichthyes,Acipenseriformes Elopiformes Clupeiformes Gonorhynchiformes[M].Beijing:Academic Press.2000,28-42[张世义.中国动物志:硬骨鱼纲,鲟形目海鲢目鲱形目鼠鱚目.北京:科学出版社.2000,28-42]
[16]Sun D J,Yang D G,Zhang L Z,et al.Chinese Sturgeon Cultivation[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press.2015,1-37[孙大江,杨德国,章龙珍,等.中国鲟鱼养殖.北京:中国农业出版社.2015,1-37]
[17]Luo G.The biological characteristics and artificial propagation techniques of Acipenser baerii[J].Animal Husbandry and Feed Science,2011,5:72-111[罗刚.西伯利亚鲟的生物学特性及其人工繁殖技术.畜牧与饲料科学,2011,5:72-111]
[18]Bing Z.Anatomy of Cyprinus carpio[M].Beijing:Sci-ence Press.1960,6-24[秉志.鲤鱼解剖.北京:科学出版社.1960,6-24]
[19]Chen B,Wang Y Z.Introduce a transparent bone specimen staining method[J].Bulletin of Biology,2002,37(4):57[陈彬,王跃招.介绍一种透明骨骼标本染色法.生物学通报,2002,37(4):57]
[20]Meng Q W.Comparative Anatomy of Fish[M].Beijing:Science Press.1987,251-262[孟庆闻.鱼类比较解剖.北京:科学出版社.1987,251-262]
[21]Li Y,Diao X M,Chen L.Supplement and revision of the skeletal system of Psephurus gladius[J].Journal of Southwest Agricultural University,1997,(1):36-46[李云,刁晓明,陈林.白鲟骨骼系统的补充修正.西南大学学报(自然科学版),1997,(1):36-46]
[22]Guo C J,Zhao W,Shi Z G,et al.Skeletal system of juvenile kaluga sturgeon Huso dauricus[J].Journal of Dalian Ocean University,2016,31(3):301-306[郭长江,赵文,石振广,等.达氏鳇幼鱼骨骼系统解剖研究.大连海洋大学学报,2016,31(3):301-306]
[23]Liang L Q,Sun X W,Dong C Z,et al.PCR analysis on genetic diversity of five species of Acipenseridae and Huso[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2002,9(3):273-276[梁利群,孙效文,董崇智,等.5种鲟、鳇鱼基因组DNA遗传多样性分析.中国水产科学,2002,9(3):273-276]
[24]Yang J X.The biological of fishes of Fuxain lake,Yunnan,with comments on their adaptations to the lacustrine environments[J].Zoological Research,1994,15(2):1-9[杨君兴.云南抚仙湖鱼类的若干生物学特性及其对湖泊环境的适应.动物学研究,1994,15(2):1-9]