“一带一路”背景下西北民族地区城市竞争力提升潜力研究
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摘要
我国城市竞争力的研究大都聚焦于大中型城市,忽视了西北民族地区城市竞争力的研究。"一带一路"倡议下,研究西北民族地区城市竞争力提升潜力,对于促进西北民族地区城市发展以及缩小其与全国其他地区城市差距具有重要意义。文章从投入产出角度,测度2013年-2016年西北民族地区30个城市综合投入产出,发现西北民族地区城市仅有5个城市达到了效率最佳,其余25个城市未达到效率最佳,但这类城市大多具有单项城市竞争力指标表现较好的特点,总体提升潜力较大。此外,西北民族地区城市在搭接"一带一路"红利时,应注意根据自身优势采取差异化的竞争策略。
Most of the research on urban competitiveness in China focuses on large and medium-sized cities andignores the cities in the northwestern ethnic areas. In the context of "the Belt and Road Initiative", it is of greatsignificance to study the potential of urban competitiveness improvement in the northwestern ethnic areas to pro-mote the urban development of the northwestern ethnic areas and to narrow the gap between them and the rest ofthe country. From the perspective of input-output, the article measures the comprehensive input-output of 30 cities in the northwestern ethnic areas from 2013 to 2016. It is found that only 5 cities have achieved optimal ef-ficiency, but 25 cities have not. However, most of these cities have the characteristics of better performance of anindividual urban competitiveness indicator, and the overall potential for improvement is relatively large. In addi-tion, the cities in the northwestern ethnic areas should pay attention to adopting differentiated competition strate-gies by taking the advantages of "the Belt and Road Initiative".
Most of the research on urban competitiveness in China focuses on large and medium-sized cities andignores the cities in the northwestern ethnic areas. In the context of "the Belt and Road Initiative", it is of greatsignificance to study the potential of urban competitiveness improvement in the northwestern ethnic areas to pro-mote the urban development of the northwestern ethnic areas and to narrow the gap between them and the rest ofthe country. From the perspective of input-output, the article measures the comprehensive input-output of 30 cities in the northwestern ethnic areas from 2013 to 2016. It is found that only 5 cities have achieved optimal ef-ficiency, but 25 cities have not. However, most of these cities have the characteristics of better performance of anindividual urban competitiveness indicator, and the overall potential for improvement is relatively large. In addi-tion, the cities in the northwestern ethnic areas should pay attention to adopting differentiated competition strate-gies by taking the advantages of "the Belt and Road Initiative".
引文
[1]杨军.西北民族地区社会治理中情理法的冲突与调适[J].云南民族大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2018,35(03):127-134.
[2]高新才,陶君.西部民族地区经济发展的现状与思考[J].西藏大学学报(社会科学版),2011,26(01):19-23.
[3]刘晖.西北民族地区城市发展研究[J].西北民族研究,2002(4):26-27.
[4]中国经济年鉴编辑委员会.1981中国经济年鉴[M].北京:经济管理杂志社出版,1982.
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[6]中国城市建设年鉴编委会.1988-1989中国城市统计年鉴[M].北京:中国城市出版社,1990.
[7]国家统计局城市社会经济调查总队.中国城市统计年鉴2016[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2016.
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[13]顾朝林.经济全球化与中国城市发展-跨世纪中国城市发展战略研究[M].北京:商务印书馆.1999:56-57.
[14]Vivian Valdmanis.Sensitivity analysis for DEA models:An empirical example using public vs.NFP hospitals[J].Journal of Public Economics,1992,48(2):185-205.
[15]Bruno De Borger,Kristiaan Kerstens.Cost efficiency of Belgian local governments:A comparative analysis of FDH,DEA and econometric approaches[J].Regional Science and Urban Economics,1996,26(2):145-170.
[16]Matthew G..Karlaftis,A DEA approach for evaluating the efficiency and effctiveness of urban transit systems[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2004,152(2):354-364.
[17]陈滕,叶春明,沈杰.基于DEA方法对高校科技成果转化效果评价[J].情报科学.2006(8):1200-1202.
[18]贵斌威,陈宇峰.基于DEA模型的中国区域技术效率测度[J].商业经济与管理,2008(11):45-50.
[19]樊宏,李虎.基于DEA方法的广东省科技投入产出相对效率的评价[J].科学学研究,2009(2):339-343.
[20]王廷凤.基于DEA的全国31个省市财政科技支出效率测评[J].企业技术开发,2009(10):73-74.
(1)是指陕甘宁青新五省区的30个城市(具体城市见文中表4),这些城市具有少数民族人口多,在城市中形成大杂居、小聚居以及城市民族文化、民族生活特征显著等共同特点。
(1)由于数据太大,图只显示西北民族地区效率最佳城市,坐标轴1表示DEA有效的城市。
[2]高新才,陶君.西部民族地区经济发展的现状与思考[J].西藏大学学报(社会科学版),2011,26(01):19-23.
[3]刘晖.西北民族地区城市发展研究[J].西北民族研究,2002(4):26-27.
[4]中国经济年鉴编辑委员会.1981中国经济年鉴[M].北京:经济管理杂志社出版,1982.
[5]中国经济年鉴编辑委员会.2016中国经济年鉴[M].北京:中国经济年鉴社出版,2016.
[6]中国城市建设年鉴编委会.1988-1989中国城市统计年鉴[M].北京:中国城市出版社,1990.
[7]国家统计局城市社会经济调查总队.中国城市统计年鉴2016[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2016.
[8]倪鹏飞,侯庆虎,等.中国城市竞争力报告[M].北京:社科文献出版社,2010:35-36.
[9]周振华.世界城市理论与我国现代化国际大都市建设[J].经济学动态,2004(3):22-23.
[10]谷克鉴.香港国际贸易中心功能及其在内地的演化与拓展[J].财贸经济,1997(3):33-34.
[11]蔡来兴.国际中心城市的崛起[M].上海:上海人民出版社,1995:21-22.
[12]Sassen S.The Global City:New York,London,Tokyo[M].Prineeton:Princeton University Press,1991:78-79.
[13]顾朝林.经济全球化与中国城市发展-跨世纪中国城市发展战略研究[M].北京:商务印书馆.1999:56-57.
[14]Vivian Valdmanis.Sensitivity analysis for DEA models:An empirical example using public vs.NFP hospitals[J].Journal of Public Economics,1992,48(2):185-205.
[15]Bruno De Borger,Kristiaan Kerstens.Cost efficiency of Belgian local governments:A comparative analysis of FDH,DEA and econometric approaches[J].Regional Science and Urban Economics,1996,26(2):145-170.
[16]Matthew G..Karlaftis,A DEA approach for evaluating the efficiency and effctiveness of urban transit systems[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2004,152(2):354-364.
[17]陈滕,叶春明,沈杰.基于DEA方法对高校科技成果转化效果评价[J].情报科学.2006(8):1200-1202.
[18]贵斌威,陈宇峰.基于DEA模型的中国区域技术效率测度[J].商业经济与管理,2008(11):45-50.
[19]樊宏,李虎.基于DEA方法的广东省科技投入产出相对效率的评价[J].科学学研究,2009(2):339-343.
[20]王廷凤.基于DEA的全国31个省市财政科技支出效率测评[J].企业技术开发,2009(10):73-74.
(1)是指陕甘宁青新五省区的30个城市(具体城市见文中表4),这些城市具有少数民族人口多,在城市中形成大杂居、小聚居以及城市民族文化、民族生活特征显著等共同特点。
(1)由于数据太大,图只显示西北民族地区效率最佳城市,坐标轴1表示DEA有效的城市。