一种振动能量采集器的匹配电路研究
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摘要
针对Terfenol-D/PZT/Terfenol-D复合磁电换能器将环境振动能量转化为电能时,在低频环境下难以实现匹配的情况,提出一种非线性开关匹配电路的方法。该电路在较小的电感和较高的开关频率下,以非线性的方式提高了复合换能器功率的匹配输出。并且针对换能器输出不能直接为无线传感节点供能的问题,设计了一种存储和电源管理电路。实验结果表明,采用非线性开关匹配电路,输出提高2.1倍,当存储超级电容电量积累到一定程度,管理电路控制瞬间放电电路放电,成功驱动最大功耗为75 mW的无线传感器节点正常工作,放电时间持续620 ms,最大放电功率可达120 mW。
The Terfenol-D/PZT/Terfenol-D composite magnetoelectric transducer can transform the environmental vibration energy into electric energy,but it is difficult to match the power in low frequency environment. Therefore,a method of nonlinear switch matching circuit is presented. The nonlinear processing technique can improve the power matching output of composite transducer when the circuit works at the conditions of small inductance and high switching frequency. Since the output of Terfenol-D/PZT/Terfenol-D magnetoelectric composite transducer can ′ t directly supply the power for wireless sensor node,a storage and power management circuit is designed. The experimental results show that the output power of the nonlinear switch matching circuit is increased by 2.1 times. When the electric quantity stored in super-capacity is accumulated to a certain level,the management circuit controls the discharging of instant discharging circuit,and successful drives the wireless sensor node with maximum power consumption of 75 mW,the discharging time can last for 620 ms,and the maximum discharging power can reach up to 120 mW.
The Terfenol-D/PZT/Terfenol-D composite magnetoelectric transducer can transform the environmental vibration energy into electric energy,but it is difficult to match the power in low frequency environment. Therefore,a method of nonlinear switch matching circuit is presented. The nonlinear processing technique can improve the power matching output of composite transducer when the circuit works at the conditions of small inductance and high switching frequency. Since the output of Terfenol-D/PZT/Terfenol-D magnetoelectric composite transducer can ′ t directly supply the power for wireless sensor node,a storage and power management circuit is designed. The experimental results show that the output power of the nonlinear switch matching circuit is increased by 2.1 times. When the electric quantity stored in super-capacity is accumulated to a certain level,the management circuit controls the discharging of instant discharging circuit,and successful drives the wireless sensor node with maximum power consumption of 75 mW,the discharging time can last for 620 ms,and the maximum discharging power can reach up to 120 mW.
引文
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[2]PARADISO J A,STARNER T.Energy scavenging for mobile and wireless electronics[J].IEEE pervasive computing,2005,4(1):18-27.
[3]MATEU L,MOLL F.Review of energy harvesting techniques and applications for microelectronics[C]//Proceedings of 2005SPIE International Society for Optical Engineering.Seville,Spain:SPIE,2005:359-373.
[4]DONG Shuxiang,LI Jiefang,VIEHLAND D.Longitudinal and transverse magnetoelectric voltage coefficients of magnetostrictive piezoelectric laminate composite:theory[J].IEEE transactions on ultrasonics,ferroelectrics,and frequency control,2003,50(10):1253-1261.
[5]DONG Shuxiang,CHENG Jinrong,LI J F,et al.Enhanced magnetoelectric effects in laminate composites of Terfenol-D/Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 under resonant drive[J].Applied physics letters,2003,83(23):4812-4814.
[6]BAYRASHEV A,ROBBINS W P,ZIAIE B.Low frequency wireless powering of microsystems using piezoelectric-magnetostrictive laminate composites[J].Sensors and actuators A:physical,2004,114(2/3):244-249.
[7]HUANG Jiankang,O′HANDLEY R C,BONO D.New highsensitivity hybrid magnetostrictive/electroactive magnetic field sensors[J].Smart structures and materials,2003(6):229-237.
[8]DAI Xianzhi,WEN Yumei,LI Ping,et al.A vibration energy harvester using magnetostrictive/piezoelectric composite transducer[C]//2009 IEEE Sensors Conference.Christchurch:IEEE,2009:1447-1450.
[9]MCLEOD R W J,ROBERTS W H,PERRY I A,et al.Scanning laser Doppler vibrometry of the cranium when stimulated by a B71 bone transducer[J].Applied acoustics,2018(4),142-148.
[10]WANG Liang,LIU Yingxiang,LI Kai,et al.Development of a resonant type piezoelectric stepping motor using longitudinal and bending hybrid bolt-clamped transducer[J].Sensors&actuators A:physical,2018,98(14):1233-1238.
[11]LIU Xiangjian,CHEN Renwen,ZHU Liya.Energy conversion efficiency of rainbow shape piezoelectric transducer[J].Chinese journal of aeronautics,2012(5):691-697.
[12]YUAN Xiaohui,SU Anjun,YUAN Yanbin,et al.An improved PSO for dynamic load dispatch of generators with valvepoint effects[J].Energy,2008,34(1):67-74.