宁夏马铃薯黄萎病病原菌分离鉴定及寄主范围测定
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摘要
为明确引起宁夏马铃薯黄萎病病原菌种类,本试验通过常规组织分离法对采自宁夏马铃薯主栽地区固原和西吉的27株马铃薯黄萎病标样进行了分离,共获得11株分离物。采用形态学并结合肌动蛋白(ACT)、延伸因子-1α(EF1α)、3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶(GPD)、色氨酸合成酶(TS)的多基因系统发育分析方法,11株分离物均被鉴定为非苜蓿轮枝菌(Verticillium nonalfalfae)。致病性测定结果表明,该轮枝菌能够侵染马铃薯植株幼苗并引致典型的黄萎病症状。非苜蓿轮枝菌对茄科、菊科、豆科、十字花科、葫芦科和锦葵科等6科13种双子叶作物的致病性测定结果表明,其对西葫芦、黄瓜、茄子、烟草、豇豆、棉花和向日葵的致病性强,对番茄、辣椒、生菜和白菜致病力弱且发病缓慢,对西蓝花和苜蓿无致病性。
In order to determine the Verticillium species caused potato Verticillium wilt in Ningxia,China,27 samples with symptom of Verticillium wilt were collected from Guyuan and Xiji in Ningxia. A total of 11 Verticillium spp. strains were recovered from the samples by tissue isolation method. All isolates were identified as Verticillium nonalfalfae based on morphological characteristics and based on multigene phylogenic analysis of the partial sequences of actin( ACT),elongation factor 1-alpha( EF1α),glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase( GPD) and tryptophan synthase( TS) genes. Pathogenicity test indicated that V. nonalfalfae could infect potato seedlings and caused typical symptoms of Verticillium wilt. Pathogenicity test of V. nonalfalfae to 13 dicotyledonous crops of 6 families including Solanaceae,Asteraceae,Leguminosae,Cruciferae,Cucurbitaceae,Malvaceae showed that V. nonalfalfae exhibiting high pathogenicity to summer squash,cucumber,eggplant,tobacco,cowpea,cotton and sunflower,and moderate pathogenicity to tomato,pepper,lettuce,and cabbage.However,V. nonalfalfae has no pathogenicity to broccoli and lucerne.
In order to determine the Verticillium species caused potato Verticillium wilt in Ningxia,China,27 samples with symptom of Verticillium wilt were collected from Guyuan and Xiji in Ningxia. A total of 11 Verticillium spp. strains were recovered from the samples by tissue isolation method. All isolates were identified as Verticillium nonalfalfae based on morphological characteristics and based on multigene phylogenic analysis of the partial sequences of actin( ACT),elongation factor 1-alpha( EF1α),glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase( GPD) and tryptophan synthase( TS) genes. Pathogenicity test indicated that V. nonalfalfae could infect potato seedlings and caused typical symptoms of Verticillium wilt. Pathogenicity test of V. nonalfalfae to 13 dicotyledonous crops of 6 families including Solanaceae,Asteraceae,Leguminosae,Cruciferae,Cucurbitaceae,Malvaceae showed that V. nonalfalfae exhibiting high pathogenicity to summer squash,cucumber,eggplant,tobacco,cowpea,cotton and sunflower,and moderate pathogenicity to tomato,pepper,lettuce,and cabbage.However,V. nonalfalfae has no pathogenicity to broccoli and lucerne.
引文
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[23]Johnson D A.Potato health management[M].Saint Paul:The American Phytopathological Society(APS)Press,2008:183-195.
[24]Rowe R C,Davis J R,Powelson M L,et al.Potato early dying:Causal agents and management strategies[J].Plant Disease,1987,71(6):482-489.
[25]Tuo X X.A study of Guyuan’s advantage industries choice and development based on the theory of comparative advantage(in Chinese)[D].Yinchuan:Ningxia University(银川:宁夏大学),2016.
[26]Zare R,Gams W,Starink-Willemse M.Gibellulopsis,a suitable genus for Verticillium nigrescens,and Musicillium,a new genus for V.theobromae[J].Nova Hedwigia,2007,85(4):463-489.
[27]Hiemstra J A.A compendium of Verticillium wilts in tree species[M].Wageningen:Ponsen and Looijen,1998,37-39.
[28]Markj S,Donaldd D.Verticillium wilt of Ailanthus altissima:Susceptibility of associated tree species[J].Plant Disease,2009,93(11):1158-1162.
[2]Wu Q Y,Huang K,Song Y,et al.World potato production status from 2000 to 2009(in Chinese)[J].Chinese Potato Journal(中国马铃薯),2012,26(2):115-116.
[3]Luo Q Y,Liu Y,Gao M J,et al.Status quo and prospect of China's potato industry(in Chinese)[J].Agricultural Outlook(农业展望),2015,11(3):35-40.
[4]Shen R Q,Guo C J,Zhang L R,et al.Present situation of research of potato diseases and pests in Ningxia and countermeasures for their prevent and control(in Chinese)[J].Ningxia Journal of Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology(宁夏农林科技),2014,(6):25-28.
[5]Rowe R C,Powelson M L.Potato early dying:management challenges in a changing production environment[J].Plant Disease,2002,86(11):1184-1193.
[6]Powelson M L,Rowe R C.Biology and management of early dying of potatoes[J].Annual Review of Phytopathology,1993,31(1):111-126.
[7]Inderbitzin P,Bostock R M,Davis R M,et al.Phylogenetics and taxonomy of the fungal vascular wilt pathogen Verticillium,with the descriptions of five new species[J].PLoS One,2011,6(12):e28341.
[8]Pegg G F,Brady B L.Verticillium wilts[M].Wallingford:The Centre for Agriculture and Bioscience International Publishing,2002.
[9]Krikun J,Orion D.Verticillium wilt of potato:Importance and control[J].Phytoparasitica,1979,7(2):107-116.
[10]Isaac I.A further comparative study of pathogenic isolates of Verticillium:V.nubilum Pethybr.and V.tricorpus sp.nov.[J].Transactions of the British Mycological Society,1953,36(3):180-195.
[11]Pethybridge G H.Notes on some saprophytic species of fungi associated with diseased potato plants and tubers[J].Transactions of the British Mycological Society,1919,6(17):104-120.
[12]Skotland C B.Pathogenic and non-pathogenic Verticillium spp.from South Central Washington[J].Phytopathology,1971,61(4):435-436.
[13]Dai L Y.Investigation of crop disease in Jiading(in Chinese)[J].Quarterly Journal of Science Wu Han University(武汉大学理科季刊),1944,2(8):1-5.
[14]Tian S Y.Preliminary observation on potato Verticillium wilt(in Chinese)[J].Acta AgriculturaeBorealiSinica(华北农学报),1984,9(1):38-41.
[15]Liu B K,Li G.Studying the seed potatoes infected by potato early dying(in Chinese)[J].Plant Protection(植物保护),1992,18(2):8-9.
[16]Chen A C,Wei Z Q,Ma Y Q,et al.Isolation and identification of the pathogens causing potato Verticillium wilt in Gansu(in Chinese)[J].Plant Protection(植物保护),2013,43(4):418-420.
[17]Wang L L,Fu G H,Ma J G,et al.Isolation and identification of the pathogens causing Verticillium wilt of potato in Urumqi and Changji area,Xinjiang(in Chinese)[J].Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences(新疆农业科学),2014,51(4):667-672.
[18]Li S Z,Zhou H Y,Lu X Y,et al.Occurrence of potato Verticillium wilt and analysis of pathogenicity differentiation of the major pathogen in seven provinces of China(in Chinese)[J].Acta Phytopathologica Sinica(植物病理学报),2018,48(5):656-665.
[19]Fang Z D.Research method for plant pathology(2nd Ed.)(in Chinese)[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press(北京:中国农业出版社),1998:63.
[20]Zolan M E,Pukkila P J.Inheritance of DNA methylation in Coprinuscinereus[J].Journal of Molecular Cell Biology,1986,6(1):195-200.
[21]Flood J,Isaac I,Milton J M.Reactions of some cultivars of lucerne to various isolates of Verticillium alboatrum[J].Plant Pathology,2010,27(4):166-169.
[22]Barbara D J,Clewes E.Plant pathogenic Verticillium species:How many of them are there?[J].Molecular Plant Pathology,2003,4(4):297-305.
[23]Johnson D A.Potato health management[M].Saint Paul:The American Phytopathological Society(APS)Press,2008:183-195.
[24]Rowe R C,Davis J R,Powelson M L,et al.Potato early dying:Causal agents and management strategies[J].Plant Disease,1987,71(6):482-489.
[25]Tuo X X.A study of Guyuan’s advantage industries choice and development based on the theory of comparative advantage(in Chinese)[D].Yinchuan:Ningxia University(银川:宁夏大学),2016.
[26]Zare R,Gams W,Starink-Willemse M.Gibellulopsis,a suitable genus for Verticillium nigrescens,and Musicillium,a new genus for V.theobromae[J].Nova Hedwigia,2007,85(4):463-489.
[27]Hiemstra J A.A compendium of Verticillium wilts in tree species[M].Wageningen:Ponsen and Looijen,1998,37-39.
[28]Markj S,Donaldd D.Verticillium wilt of Ailanthus altissima:Susceptibility of associated tree species[J].Plant Disease,2009,93(11):1158-1162.