农业生产效率的真实测度及其影响因素分析——基于四川省411户稻农的经验研究
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摘要
利用2015年四川三市411户稻农调查数据,构建了三阶段DEA效率测算模型,对水稻生产效率进行了真实测度。研究发现:绝大多数水稻生产都处于规模报酬递增阶段,说明当前稻农仍有动机通过增加要素投入来获取产量增加;第一阶段和第三阶段测算结果显示,水稻生产纯技术效率显著低于规模效率,说明目前制约水稻生产综合效率提升的主要因素是纯技术效率较低;环境因素对稻农不同生产要素投入冗余影响具有显著差异性,说明水稻生产效率可能受到外部环境和生产行为的影响;水稻生产规模效率和综合效率的调整效应显著为负,表明当前环境因素有利于水稻生产效率水平改善。
Based on the survey data of 411 grain farmers in three cities of Sichuan in 2015,a three-stage DEA efficiency model was constructed to evaluate the grain production efficiency. The main findings are as follows: most grain production is in the stage of increasing returns to scale,indicating that current grain farmers still have the motivation to increase output by increasing input of elements. The results of the first and third stage showed that the pure technical efficiency of grain production is significantly lower than the scale efficiency,indicating that the main factor restricting the overall efficiency of grain production is the lower pure technical efficiency. The environmental factors have significant differences on the redundant input of different factors of grain production,indicating that grain production efficiency may be affected by the external environment and production behavior. The adjustment effect of scale efficiency and comprehensive efficiency of grain production is significantly negative,indicating that current environmental factors are conducive to improving grain production efficiency.
Based on the survey data of 411 grain farmers in three cities of Sichuan in 2015,a three-stage DEA efficiency model was constructed to evaluate the grain production efficiency. The main findings are as follows: most grain production is in the stage of increasing returns to scale,indicating that current grain farmers still have the motivation to increase output by increasing input of elements. The results of the first and third stage showed that the pure technical efficiency of grain production is significantly lower than the scale efficiency,indicating that the main factor restricting the overall efficiency of grain production is the lower pure technical efficiency. The environmental factors have significant differences on the redundant input of different factors of grain production,indicating that grain production efficiency may be affected by the external environment and production behavior. The adjustment effect of scale efficiency and comprehensive efficiency of grain production is significantly negative,indicating that current environmental factors are conducive to improving grain production efficiency.
引文
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[2]许庆.技术效率、配置效率与中国的粮食生产——基于农户的微观实证研究[J].人民论坛·学术前沿,2013(16):84-95.
[3]黄文芳.农业化肥污染的政策成因及对策分析[J].生态环境学报,2011(1):193-198.
[4]季凯文,孔凡斌.中国生物农业上市公司技术效率测度及提升路径——基于三阶段DEA模型的分析[J].中国农村经济,2014(8):42-57.
[5]宁爱凤,刘友兆.城市化进程中农业生产效率研究——基于粮食生产的视角[J].资源科学,2013(6):62-71.
[6]汪晓文,何明辉,杨光宇.农村经济开放、农业生产效率提高与农民增收——基于省际面板数据的实证分析[J].江西财经大学学报,2012(5):58-64.
[7]吕炜,张晓颖,王伟同.农机具购置补贴、农业生产效率与农村劳动力转移[J].中国农村经济,2015(8):22-32.
[8]AZAM J P,GUBERT F.Migrants'remittances and the household in africa:a review of evidence[J].Journal of African Economies,2006(2):426-462.
[9]张悦,刘文勇.家庭农场的生产效率与风险分析[J].农业经济问题,2016(5):16-21.
[10]杨万江,李琪.我国农户水稻生产技术效率分析——基于11省761户调查数据[J].农业技术经济,2016(1):71-81.
[11]FRIED H O,YAISAWARNG S.Accounting for environmental effects and statistical noise in data envelopment analysis[J].Journal of Productivity Analysis,2002(1):157-174.
[12]陈巍巍,张雷,马铁虎,等.关于三阶段DEA模型的几点研究[J].系统工程,2014(9):144-149.
[13]李桦,姚顺波,刘璨,等.集体林分权条件下不同经营类型商品林生产要素投入及其效率——基于三阶段DEA模型及其福建、江西农户调研数据[J].林业科学,2014(12):122-130.
[14]王欢,穆月英.基于农户视角的我国蔬菜生产资源配置评价——兼对三阶段DEA模型的修正[J].中国农业大学学报,2014(6):221-231.
[15]王玺.农户技术效率差异及影响因素实证分析——基于随机前沿生产函数与果农微观数据[J].经济问题,2011(6):72-77.
[16]黄祖辉,王建英,陈志钢.非农就业、土地流转与土地细碎化对稻农技术效率的影响[J].中国农村经济,2014(11):4-16.
[17]秦立建,张妮妮,蒋中一.土地细碎化、劳动力转移与中国农户粮食生产——基于安徽省的调查[J].农业技术经济,2011(11):16-23.