要素导向的大尺度城市设计编制流程及控制方法研究——以天津滨海核心区西部城区实践为例
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摘要
2017年实施的《城市设计管理办法》为中国城市设计带来了新的机遇,同时也因将研究重点转向更大的尺度而给相关实践带来了新的挑战。为此,以天津滨海核心区西部城区为例,提出了基于要素控制并结合城市发展时序的大尺度城市设计编制流程。首先编制区域控制性城市设计,重点塑造区域整体结构和空间秩序,形成理想化的设计蓝图;进而编制实施性方案,落实控制性方案的设计策略并面向区域现状和实际需求进行深化调整;最终面向近期开发地块,编制开发建设方案,指导具体建设。同时对城市设计的要素控制方法进行了探讨,结果显示,编制流程和要素控制机制可使大尺度城市设计的理想蓝图层层深入,逐渐走向对具体地块的开发引导,完成从整体结构控制到项目建设方案控制的过程。
With the authorization of China's Urban Design Management Regulation in 2017, the large-scale urban design has increasingly became the subject of growing interests. Taking the western district of Tianjin Binhai New Area as a case study, the paper discusses the three steps of elements-control based design methods of large-scale urban design throughout the developing process. To establish a regional spatial structure and overall design strategies an ideal master plan is suggested at the first step; in the frame of design strategies is a detail design followed by in response to problems and demands on the ground; thirdly a site planning is subjected to be completed as the legal precondition of constructions. The results show that elements-control based urban design is approved to be an effective way both in directing projects in construction and in performing the overall strategies throughout the developing process.
With the authorization of China's Urban Design Management Regulation in 2017, the large-scale urban design has increasingly became the subject of growing interests. Taking the western district of Tianjin Binhai New Area as a case study, the paper discusses the three steps of elements-control based design methods of large-scale urban design throughout the developing process. To establish a regional spatial structure and overall design strategies an ideal master plan is suggested at the first step; in the frame of design strategies is a detail design followed by in response to problems and demands on the ground; thirdly a site planning is subjected to be completed as the legal precondition of constructions. The results show that elements-control based urban design is approved to be an effective way both in directing projects in construction and in performing the overall strategies throughout the developing process.
引文
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[2]重庆市规划局.重庆市城市设计编制技术导则[Z].2007.
[3]天津市规划局.城市设计编制技术规程[Z].2011.
[4]魏钢,朱子瑜,陈振羽.中国城市设计的制度建设初探:《城市设计管理办法》与《城市设计技术管理基本规定》编制认识[J].城市建筑,2017(5):6-9.
[5]张明.欧美城市设计历史简述[J].新建筑,1987(2):45-50.
[6]凯文·林奇.城市意象[M].方益萍,何晓军,译.北京:华夏出版社,2001.
[7]C·亚历山大,M·希尔弗斯坦,S·安吉尔,等.俄勒冈实验[M].赵冰,刘小虎,译.北京:知识产权出版社,2002.
[8]Barnett J.Introduction to Urban Design[M].New York:Harper&Row,1982.
[9]Ellis C.Process and Principles in Urban Design[J].Journal of Urban Design,2014,19(1):47-48.
[10]Bureau of Planning.South Water front Design Guidelinesand theGreenway Design Guidelinesfor South Waterfront[Z].Portland,2002.
[11]Toronto waterfront revitalization corporation.Central waterfront public space framework[Z].Tronto,2003.
[12]黄雯.美国的城市设计控制政策:以波特兰、西雅图、旧金山为例[J].规划师,2005,21(8):91-94.
[13]程海帆.西方现代城市设计的设计控制研究综述[J].国际城市规划,2012,27(6):91-95.
[14]唐燕,吴唯佳.城市设计制度建设的争议与悖论[J].城市规划,2009,33(2):72-77.
[15]杨锐,袁琳,郑晓笛.风景园林学与城市设计的渊源和联系[J].中国园林,2016,32(3):37-42.
[16]南京市人民政府.南京市城市设计三年行动计划(2013-2015年)[Z].2013.
[17]程宇光.以空间整合为导向的总体设计:天津中心城区总体城市设计的思考[C]//持续发展,理性规划:2017中国城市规划年会论文集,2017.
[18]王建国,魏羽力,汪坚强.大尺度城市设计中的时序问题:以南京东山新市区中心为例[J].城市规划,2011,35(2):64-67.