氮磷钾配施对北林202紫花苜蓿产量和品质的影响
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摘要
以北林202紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa cv.Beilin 202)为材料,通过田间试验,研究了不同施肥水平对供试品种的株高、产量及营养品质的的影响。结果表明:在施氮水平下,磷、钾肥配施对紫花苜蓿的产量影响显著,氮、磷、钾肥配施显著增加了株高,提高了紫花苜蓿的产量,其中,N_(30)P_(120)K_(100)(N 30kg/hm~2+P_2O_5120kg/hm~2+K_2O 100kg/hm~2)处理下的苜蓿的鲜草、干草产量最高,分别达69 862.9和13 510.5kg/hm~2。氮、磷、钾配合施用显著改善了紫花苜蓿的营养品质。与对照比较,氮、磷、钾配施后北林202紫花苜蓿的粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗灰分含量显著增加,酸性洗涤纤维和中性洗涤纤维含量显著降低。试验表明N_(30)P_(120)K_(100)配施组合是试验区北林202紫花苜蓿生产适宜的配施方案。
Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of different fertilization levels on plant height,yield and nutritional quality of‘Beilin 202'alfalfa.The results showed that under a certain level of N fertilizer,the combined application of P fertilizer and K fertilizer had a significant effect on alfalfa yield.The combined application of N,P and K fertilizer significantly increased plant height and alfalfa yield.The fresh grass and hay yield of alfalfa under N_(30)P_(120)K_(100)(N 30 kg/hm~2+P_2O_5120 kg/hm~2+K_2 O 100 kg/hm~2)treatment was the highest.They were 69 862.9 kg/hm~2 and 13 510.5 kg/hm~2 respectively.The combined application of N,P and K fertilizer significantly improved the nutritional quality of alfalfa.Compared with the control,the contents of crude protein,crude fat and crude ash in‘Beilin 202'alfalfa increased significantly,while the contents of ADF and NDF decreased significantly after combined application of N,P and K fertilizer.The results showed that the N_(30)P_(120)K_(100) fertilizer combination was the suitable fertilizer formula for the production of‘Beilin 202'alfalfa in the trial area.
Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of different fertilization levels on plant height,yield and nutritional quality of‘Beilin 202'alfalfa.The results showed that under a certain level of N fertilizer,the combined application of P fertilizer and K fertilizer had a significant effect on alfalfa yield.The combined application of N,P and K fertilizer significantly increased plant height and alfalfa yield.The fresh grass and hay yield of alfalfa under N_(30)P_(120)K_(100)(N 30 kg/hm~2+P_2O_5120 kg/hm~2+K_2 O 100 kg/hm~2)treatment was the highest.They were 69 862.9 kg/hm~2 and 13 510.5 kg/hm~2 respectively.The combined application of N,P and K fertilizer significantly improved the nutritional quality of alfalfa.Compared with the control,the contents of crude protein,crude fat and crude ash in‘Beilin 202'alfalfa increased significantly,while the contents of ADF and NDF decreased significantly after combined application of N,P and K fertilizer.The results showed that the N_(30)P_(120)K_(100) fertilizer combination was the suitable fertilizer formula for the production of‘Beilin 202'alfalfa in the trial area.
引文
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[13]张余莽,杨纯媛,李楠.有机无机复混肥对紫花苜蓿产量和品质的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2017(11):194-196.
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[15]王加启,于建国,吴克谦,等.GB/T 20806-2006饲料中中性洗涤纤维(NDF)的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007.
[16]鲁晋秀,杨峰,党建友.施氮量及施氮方式对'临草2号'干物质积累及鲜干草产量的影响[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(9):91-95.
[17]刘贵河,章杏杏,王堃,等.氮磷钾肥料配施对紫花苜蓿产量的影响[J].河北北方学院学报,2005,21(4):32-35.
[18]彭宏春.柴达木盆地弃耕盐碱地紫花苜蓿生物量季节动态[J].草地学报,2001,9(3):218-222.
[19]毕舒贻,曹婧,李跃,等.不同水肥组合对苜蓿品质的影响[J].草地学报,2018,26(1):105-113.
[20]蒙洋,边佳伟,夏克扎·吐尔逊,等.不同施肥处理对苜蓿品质的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2018(11):162-168.
[2]宋德荣,杨思维.20个苜蓿品种在贵州毕节地区引种试验研究[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2013,48(2):67-73.
[3] Heichel G H.Nitrogen fixation of alfalfa in the seeding year[J].Crop Science,1981,21:30-35.
[4] Jenkins M B,Bottomley P J.Seasonal response of uninoculated alfalfa to N fertilizer:soil N,nodule turnover,and symbiotic Effectiveness of Rhizobium meliloti[J].Agron J,1984,76:959-963.
[5]孙启忠,桂荣,那日苏,等.内蒙古赤峰地区敖汉苜蓿越冬初步研究[J].中国草地,1999(2):30-33.
[6]范富,张宁,张庆国,等.施肥对苜蓿阿尔冈金鲜草产量及营养成分的影响[J].华北农学报,2008,23(4):184-189.
[7] Barta A L.Response of symbiotic N2fixation and assimilate partitioning to K supply in alfalfa[J].Crop Science,1982,22:89-92.
[8]吴波,张清平,张进红,等.施肥对盐碱地苜蓿产量和品质的影响[J].中国农学通报,2017,33(29):66-71.
[9]文雅,张静,冯萌,等.水氮互作对河西走廊紫花苜蓿品质的影响[J].草业学报,2018,27(10):76-83.
[10]冯玲霞.不同施肥配比对紫花苜蓿性状及产量的影响[J].北方园艺,2017(6):85-90.
[11]麦麦提敏·乃依木,王玉祥,张博.施肥对新牧4号紫花苜蓿产量和品质的影响[J].草食家畜,2018(5):43-47.
[12]段玉,曹卫东,妥德宝.北方半干旱区紫花苜蓿适宜品种选择及其合理施肥研究[J].内蒙古农业科技,2010(1):52-53,56.
[13]张余莽,杨纯媛,李楠.有机无机复混肥对紫花苜蓿产量和品质的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2017(11):194-196.
[14]中国土壤学会农业化学专业委员会.土壤农业化学常规分析方法[M].北京:科学出版社,1983:252-282.
[15]王加启,于建国,吴克谦,等.GB/T 20806-2006饲料中中性洗涤纤维(NDF)的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007.
[16]鲁晋秀,杨峰,党建友.施氮量及施氮方式对'临草2号'干物质积累及鲜干草产量的影响[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(9):91-95.
[17]刘贵河,章杏杏,王堃,等.氮磷钾肥料配施对紫花苜蓿产量的影响[J].河北北方学院学报,2005,21(4):32-35.
[18]彭宏春.柴达木盆地弃耕盐碱地紫花苜蓿生物量季节动态[J].草地学报,2001,9(3):218-222.
[19]毕舒贻,曹婧,李跃,等.不同水肥组合对苜蓿品质的影响[J].草地学报,2018,26(1):105-113.
[20]蒙洋,边佳伟,夏克扎·吐尔逊,等.不同施肥处理对苜蓿品质的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2018(11):162-168.