高羊茅在氮胁迫条件下生理特征研究（英文）
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摘要
[目的]为氮肥的合理施用提供依据。[方法]分析高羊茅在氮胁迫条件下蛋白质、叶绿素、酶和氨基酸等的生理变化特征。[结果]在氮胁迫下,高羊茅叶片中叶绿素含量降低,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)活性增强。在分析的20种氨基酸中,天冬酰胺、丝氨酸、甘氨酸、谷氨酰胺、谷氨酸、天冬氨酸、苏氨酸、丙氨酸、精氨酸、甲硫氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸含量明显下降。[结论]该试验为今后合理利用氮元素、发掘植物生态潜能提供理论依据。
[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the physiological characteristics of tall fescue under nitrogen stress. [Method] A series of physiological changes in protein content, chlorophyll content, enzyme activities and amino acids contents in tall fescue under nitrogen stress were analyzed. [Result] Under nitrogen stress, the leaf chlorophyll content in tall fescue was reduced, and superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD), glutamine synthetase(GS) activities were increased. Among the 18 kinds of amino acids analyzed, the contents of asparagine, serine, glycine, glutamine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, threonine, alanine, arginine, methionine, valine,isoleucine and leucine were significantly reduced in tall fescue under nitrogen stress.[Conclusion] This study will provide certain reference for rational application of nitrogen and exploration of plant ecological potential in the future.
[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the physiological characteristics of tall fescue under nitrogen stress. [Method] A series of physiological changes in protein content, chlorophyll content, enzyme activities and amino acids contents in tall fescue under nitrogen stress were analyzed. [Result] Under nitrogen stress, the leaf chlorophyll content in tall fescue was reduced, and superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD), glutamine synthetase(GS) activities were increased. Among the 18 kinds of amino acids analyzed, the contents of asparagine, serine, glycine, glutamine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, threonine, alanine, arginine, methionine, valine,isoleucine and leucine were significantly reduced in tall fescue under nitrogen stress.[Conclusion] This study will provide certain reference for rational application of nitrogen and exploration of plant ecological potential in the future.
引文
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[11]SUN H(孙辉).Overexpression of glutamine synthetases confers transgenic rice herbicide resistance and nitrogen poor soil(超量表达谷氨酰胺合成酶赋予转基因水稻抗除草剂和抗氮素瘠薄特性)[D].Beijing:Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(北京:中国农业科学),2003.
[12]WANG LH(王丽慧),LI Y(李屹),HUANG GF(黄高峰),et al.Nitrogen deficiency symptoms and physiological characteristics of Helianthus tuberosus L.seedlings(菊芋苗期氮素营养缺乏症状及生理特性研究)[J].Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences(西南农业学报),2011,24(6):2285-2288.
[13]ZHOU WW(周薇薇),XIE CT(谢潮添),CHEN CS(陈昌生),et al.Effects on physiological and biochemical indexes of gametophytic blades of Porphyra haitanensis under low nitrogen and phosphorus stress(低氮、磷胁迫对坛紫菜叶状体生理生化特征的影响)[J].Journal of Fisheries of China(水产学报),2011,35(4):543-550.
[2]CREN M,HIREL B.Glutamine synthetase in higher plants regulation of gene and protein expression from the organ to the cell[J].Plant Cell Physiology,1999,40:1187-1193.
[3]ZHU DF(朱德峰),KANG YJ(亢亚军).On the methods of measurement of leaf area in rice(水稻叶面积测定方法探讨)[J].Acta Agriculturae Shanghai(上海农业学报),1996,12(3):82-85.
[4]YOU Y(尤扬),JIA WQ(贾文庆).Effect of Na Cl stress on SOD,POD and chlorophyll content in Viola tricolor(Na Cl胁迫对三色堇SOD\POD及叶绿素含量的影响)[J].Northern Horticulture(北方园艺),2012,6:64-66.
[5]WU WH(武维华).Plant Physiology(植物生理学)[M].Beijing:Science Press(北京:科学出版社),2003.
[6]WANG BS(王宝山).Plant Physiology(植物生理学)[M].Beijing:Science Press(北京:科学出版社),2004.
[7]WANG XP(王小平),WU XH(吴向华),MAO SG(毛善国),et al.Effect of Na Cl stress on root activity,chlorophyll content and resistance physiology of Phaseolus vulgaris(盐胁迫对九粒白根系活力及叶绿素含量与抗性生理的影响)[J].Northern Horticulture(北方园艺),2013,10:32-34.
[8]LI JR,YU K,WEI JR,et al.Gibberellin retards chlorophyll degradation during senescence of Paris polyphylla[J].Biol Plant,2010,54:395-399.
[9]MA XJ(马旭俊),ZHU DH(朱大海).Functional roles of the plant superoxide dismutase(植物超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)研究进展)[J].Hereditas(Beijing),2003,25(2):225-231.
[10]HAN N(韩娜),GE RC(葛荣朝),ZHAO BC(赵宝存),et al.The research progress of glutamine synthetase(植物谷氨酰胺合成酶研究进展)[J].Journal of Hebei Normal University(Natural Sciences)(河北师范大学学报(自然科学版)),2004,28(4):407-423.
[11]SUN H(孙辉).Overexpression of glutamine synthetases confers transgenic rice herbicide resistance and nitrogen poor soil(超量表达谷氨酰胺合成酶赋予转基因水稻抗除草剂和抗氮素瘠薄特性)[D].Beijing:Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(北京:中国农业科学),2003.
[12]WANG LH(王丽慧),LI Y(李屹),HUANG GF(黄高峰),et al.Nitrogen deficiency symptoms and physiological characteristics of Helianthus tuberosus L.seedlings(菊芋苗期氮素营养缺乏症状及生理特性研究)[J].Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences(西南农业学报),2011,24(6):2285-2288.
[13]ZHOU WW(周薇薇),XIE CT(谢潮添),CHEN CS(陈昌生),et al.Effects on physiological and biochemical indexes of gametophytic blades of Porphyra haitanensis under low nitrogen and phosphorus stress(低氮、磷胁迫对坛紫菜叶状体生理生化特征的影响)[J].Journal of Fisheries of China(水产学报),2011,35(4):543-550.