石灰岩贫困山区农户土地利用转型影响因素研究
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摘要
石灰岩山区因土地利用存在可用面积少和可利用方式有限等诸多问题,容易导致农村贫困问题产生,研究石灰岩贫困山区影响农户土地利用转型的因素,探讨与现代农业发展相适应的土地利用模式有助于缓解石灰岩贫困山区的贫困问题。笔者基于广西壮族自治区环江毛南族自治县洛阳镇的问卷调查数据,运用二值选择Logit模型从农户土地利用结构、土地利用权属和土地利用方式3个方面着手,系统分析现阶段影响农户土地利用转型的因素。研究结果表明:政府的土地承包政策依然是影响农户土地利用转型的主要因素;而农户自身的家庭类型、个人特征、资源禀赋、经济因素则分别通过农户不同方面的土地利用转型需求影响农户的土地利用行为。当地政府应以农村土地"三权分置"政策为基本原则,根据石灰岩山区的特殊背景,从差异化修正完善农村土地承包政策、健全农村土地流转市场等方面合理引导农户土地利用行为,提高土地利用效率,实现土地资源的可持续利用。
Due to the insufficiency of usable area and limited usable modes of land use in limestone mountainous areas, the problem of rural poverty takes shape easily. The paper researched influential factors on transformation of peasant households' land use in impoverished limestone mountainous areas and discussed land use modes suitable for modern agriculture development. Based on questionnaire data of Luoyang Town inHuanjiang Maonan Autonomous County of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, we carried out a systematic analysis of current influential factors on transformation of peasant households' land use by a binary selection Logit model from three perspectives including land use structure, land use ownership and land use mode of peasant households. Research results showed that the governmental strategy of land contract was still the majorfactor influencing transformation of peasant households' land use; family type, personal characteristics,resource endowment and economic factors of peasant households influenced their land use based on theirdemands for land use transformation in different aspects. The local government should adhere to the basicprinciples of rural land"three-power distribution"policy and give rational guidance of land use to peasant households through differential modes of modification and perfection of rural land contract policies, and improvement of rural land circulation markets, as well as other approaches concerning specific backgrounds of the limestone mountainous areas. In this way, land use efficiency can be increased, and land resources can be utilized in a more sustainable manner.
Due to the insufficiency of usable area and limited usable modes of land use in limestone mountainous areas, the problem of rural poverty takes shape easily. The paper researched influential factors on transformation of peasant households' land use in impoverished limestone mountainous areas and discussed land use modes suitable for modern agriculture development. Based on questionnaire data of Luoyang Town inHuanjiang Maonan Autonomous County of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, we carried out a systematic analysis of current influential factors on transformation of peasant households' land use by a binary selection Logit model from three perspectives including land use structure, land use ownership and land use mode of peasant households. Research results showed that the governmental strategy of land contract was still the majorfactor influencing transformation of peasant households' land use; family type, personal characteristics,resource endowment and economic factors of peasant households influenced their land use based on theirdemands for land use transformation in different aspects. The local government should adhere to the basicprinciples of rural land"three-power distribution"policy and give rational guidance of land use to peasant households through differential modes of modification and perfection of rural land contract policies, and improvement of rural land circulation markets, as well as other approaches concerning specific backgrounds of the limestone mountainous areas. In this way, land use efficiency can be increased, and land resources can be utilized in a more sustainable manner.
引文
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[20]宋小青.论土地利用转型的研究框架[J].地理学报,2017,72(03):471-487.
[2]杨维鸽,陈海,杨明楠,等.基于多层次模型的农户土地利用决策影响因素分析-以陕西省米脂县高西沟村为例[J].自然资源学报,2010(4):646-656.
[3]刘洪彬,王秋兵,边振兴,等.农户土地利用行为特征及影响因素研究-基于沈阳市苏家屯区238户农户的调查研究[J].中国人口.资源与环境,2012(10):111-117.
[4]陈忠明.吉林省农户收入结构变化对农户土地投入行为的影响研究[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2012.
[5]Mc Cusker B,Carr E R.The co-production of livelihoods and land use change:Case studies from South Africa and Ghana[J].Geoforum,2006,37(5):790-804.
[6]裴婷婷.农民土地价值观对农地利用的影响研究[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2014.
[7]张靖,同丽嘎,牛建明,等.政策因素对局地家庭土地利用决策的影响-以乌审旗为例[J].干旱区研究,2014(2):362-368.
[8]张西现.农地流转现状及制约因素分析-以云南省为例[J].中国农业资源与区划,2016(3):101-105.
[9]李燕娥.贵州省农地流转现状及制约因素研究[J].中国农业资源与区划,2016(3):97-100,110.
[10]陈怡.中国农户劳动力转移及其对农地集约利用影响[D].福州:福建师范大学,2015.
[11]林武阳.内江市无花果种植户农地规模化转型影响因素研究[D].雅安:四川农业大学,2015.
[12]杨世龙,赵文娟.可持续生计框架下农户生计与土地利用变化研究进展[J].云南地理环境研究,2015,27(02):37-42,70.
[13]林杨,林捷,黄家荣.广西石灰岩山区野生山银花资源保护与开发[J].农业研究与应用,2014(2):31-33.
[14]范华忠.广西喀斯特土地旅游开发与生态文明建设研究-以广西柳州都乐岩为例[A].中国自然资源学会土地资源研究专业委员会、中国地理学会农业地理与乡村发展专业委员会、青海民族大学公共管理学院.2013全国土地资源开发利用与生态文明建设学术研讨会论文集[C].中国自然资源学会土地资源研究专业委员会、中国地理学会农业地理与乡村发展专业委员会、青海民族大学公共管理学院,2013:7.
[15]广西壮族自治区地方志编撰委员会.广西通志·岩溶志[M].广西:广西人民出版社,2002.
[16]王书斌.大都市郊区土地利用转型研究[D].西安:西北大学,2013.
[17]朱凤凯.北京市郊区农村居民点用地转型与功能演变研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2014.
[18]刘朝旭.大都市城郊农业土地利用的竞争机制与转型模式研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2016.
[19]Liu Z,Liu L.Characteristics and driving factors of rural livelihood transition in the east coastal region of China:A case study of suburban Shanghai[J].Journal of Rural Studies,2016,43:145-158.
[20]宋小青.论土地利用转型的研究框架[J].地理学报,2017,72(03):471-487.