公共图书馆特藏资源数字化建设和服务的众包策略
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摘要
国内外公共图书馆已经将众包模式引入了图书馆服务中。通过开展在线众包项目,邀请并鼓励读者积极参与公共图书馆特藏资源的数字化建设和服务。实践证明,众包项目汇聚并利用了读者的认知盈余资源,有效提升了图书馆的数字服务效能。本文介绍了国外公共图书馆通过众包开展各类资源数字化工作的案例,并以笔者参与的上海图书馆特色馆藏之晚清民国时期报刊全文数字化加工和服务众包项目为例,着重分析了影响众包项目成功开展的关键因素,为国内公共图书馆开展众包项目提供借鉴。
Public libraries at home and abroad have introduced the crowdsourcing model into the library services. By carrying out the online crowdsourcing projects, public libraries invite and encourage readers to actively participate in the digital construction and service of their characteristic collections. It has been proved that crowdsourcing projects converge and utilize readers' cognitive surplus resources and thus effectively improve the libraries' digital service efficiency. This paper introduces the crowdsourcing cases carried out by public libraries abroad and takes the crowdsourcing service project of newspapers and periodicals in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic-era of China in Shanghai Library as an example.The author emphatically analyses the key factors affecting the successful development of crowdsourcing projects, and provides reference for domestic public libraries to carry out crowdsourcing projects.
Public libraries at home and abroad have introduced the crowdsourcing model into the library services. By carrying out the online crowdsourcing projects, public libraries invite and encourage readers to actively participate in the digital construction and service of their characteristic collections. It has been proved that crowdsourcing projects converge and utilize readers' cognitive surplus resources and thus effectively improve the libraries' digital service efficiency. This paper introduces the crowdsourcing cases carried out by public libraries abroad and takes the crowdsourcing service project of newspapers and periodicals in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic-era of China in Shanghai Library as an example.The author emphatically analyses the key factors affecting the successful development of crowdsourcing projects, and provides reference for domestic public libraries to carry out crowdsourcing projects.
引文
[1]吴建中.转型与超越--无所不在的图书馆[M]上海:上海大学出版社,2012:33.
[2]克莱·舍基.认知盈余:自由时间的力量[M]胡泳,哈丽丝,译.北京:中国人民大学出版社2012.
[3]姚进凤.众包模式与新媒体创新发展研究-以赫芬顿邮报为例[J].特区经济,2014(11):44-45.
[4]刘丽.国外图书馆特色数据库众包模式建设调查分析[J].图书馆工作与研究,2015(12):23-26.
[5]陈则谦.知识传播及其动力机制研究的国内外文献综述[J].情报杂志,2011(3):131-137.
[6]赵书松,廖建桥,张可军.个体知识共享动机:国外研究综述与本土化的理论拓展[J].情报杂志,2010(1):114-122.
[7]Rose Holley.Many Hands make light work:public collaborative OCR text correction in Australian historical newspapers[OL].[2009-03-01].https://www.nla.gov.au/content/many-hands-make-lightwork-public-collaborative-ocr-text-correction-inaustralian-historic.
[8]Rose Holley.A successful story-Australia Newspaper Digitization Program[J].Online Currents2009,23(6)283-295.
[9]李洋,温亮明,李健.国内图书馆众包研究文献综述[J].知识管理论坛,2018(2):85-94.
[10]徐家成.众包模式应用于民国档案数字化工作的设想[J].兰台世界,2018(11):35-38.
[11]上海图书馆(上海科学技术情报研究所)简介[EB/OL].http://www.library.sh.cn/fwzn/jianjie.htm.
[12]毛雅君.民国时期文献保护计划现状及思考[J].图书馆杂志,2017(5):36-40.
[13]斯科特·斯特莱登.强关系:社会化营销制胜的关键[M].魏薇,译.北京:中国人民大学出版社2012.
[14]彭兰.网络传播概论(第4版)[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2017.
[15]詹姆斯·韦伯斯特.注意力市场:如何吸引数字时代的受众[M].郭石磊,译.北京:中国人民大学出版社,2017.
(1)中国知网数据统计显示,主题是“图书馆AND众包”的文章共124篇,数据采集时间:2019年4月18日。
(2)澳大利亚国家图书馆老旧报纸校对项目(Trove)论坛的网址:http://trove.nla.gov.au/forum/。
(3)大英图书馆的地理参照项目(Georeferencer)的进展情况,数据来源:http://www.bl.uk/georeferencer/,数据采集时间:2018年8月13日。
[2]克莱·舍基.认知盈余:自由时间的力量[M]胡泳,哈丽丝,译.北京:中国人民大学出版社2012.
[3]姚进凤.众包模式与新媒体创新发展研究-以赫芬顿邮报为例[J].特区经济,2014(11):44-45.
[4]刘丽.国外图书馆特色数据库众包模式建设调查分析[J].图书馆工作与研究,2015(12):23-26.
[5]陈则谦.知识传播及其动力机制研究的国内外文献综述[J].情报杂志,2011(3):131-137.
[6]赵书松,廖建桥,张可军.个体知识共享动机:国外研究综述与本土化的理论拓展[J].情报杂志,2010(1):114-122.
[7]Rose Holley.Many Hands make light work:public collaborative OCR text correction in Australian historical newspapers[OL].[2009-03-01].https://www.nla.gov.au/content/many-hands-make-lightwork-public-collaborative-ocr-text-correction-inaustralian-historic.
[8]Rose Holley.A successful story-Australia Newspaper Digitization Program[J].Online Currents2009,23(6)283-295.
[9]李洋,温亮明,李健.国内图书馆众包研究文献综述[J].知识管理论坛,2018(2):85-94.
[10]徐家成.众包模式应用于民国档案数字化工作的设想[J].兰台世界,2018(11):35-38.
[11]上海图书馆(上海科学技术情报研究所)简介[EB/OL].http://www.library.sh.cn/fwzn/jianjie.htm.
[12]毛雅君.民国时期文献保护计划现状及思考[J].图书馆杂志,2017(5):36-40.
[13]斯科特·斯特莱登.强关系:社会化营销制胜的关键[M].魏薇,译.北京:中国人民大学出版社2012.
[14]彭兰.网络传播概论(第4版)[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2017.
[15]詹姆斯·韦伯斯特.注意力市场:如何吸引数字时代的受众[M].郭石磊,译.北京:中国人民大学出版社,2017.
(1)中国知网数据统计显示,主题是“图书馆AND众包”的文章共124篇,数据采集时间:2019年4月18日。
(2)澳大利亚国家图书馆老旧报纸校对项目(Trove)论坛的网址:http://trove.nla.gov.au/forum/。
(3)大英图书馆的地理参照项目(Georeferencer)的进展情况,数据来源:http://www.bl.uk/georeferencer/,数据采集时间:2018年8月13日。