离子液体添加剂对润滑剂摩擦和润滑性能的影响
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摘要
目的研究离子液体作添加剂时对基础润滑剂成膜能力和摩擦磨损性能的影响。方法选取聚α烯烃(PAO8)和锂基脂作为基础润滑剂,用季膦盐油酸离子液体作为添加剂,用UMT-3型多功能摩擦磨损试验机(UMT)进行实验,并对试验后的试样表面进行SEM分析。同时用光干涉点接触润滑油膜厚度测量装置测量其膜厚,通过对比基础润滑剂与添加离子液体后的摩擦系数、膜厚和磨斑,评价离子液体添加剂对基础润滑剂摩擦润滑性能的影响。结果相比于基础油和基础脂,离子液体作添加剂可以有效地降低摩擦磨损。含有离子液体添加剂的润滑剂有更高的油膜厚度,在高载荷工况下更明显。添加离子液体可以有效减轻基础油的乏油程度。结论离子液体添加剂可以有效减小摩擦磨损,提高润滑性能。
The work aims to study effects of ionic liquids on film-forming capability as well as friction and wear properties of basic lubricants as additives. With poly-α-olefin(PAO8) and lithium-based grease as basic additives, and quaternary phosphonium chloride ionic liquid as additive, an experiment was performed with UMT-3 multi-functional friction and wear tester, tested sample surface was analyzed with scanning electron microscope(SEM). Meanwhile, film thickness was measured optical interference point-contacting lubricating oil film thickness tester. Effects of the ionic liquids on friction and lubrication properties of basic lubricants as additives were evaluated by comparing friction coefficient, film thickness and wear scar of the basic lubricants with those of basic lubricants containing the ionic liquids. Compared with base oil and base grease, ionic liquids could effectively reduce friction and wear as additives. Lubricants containing ionic liquid additives had higher oil film thickness, and the effect on film thickness was more obvious especially in high case. The starvation condition could be relieved apparently by adding ionic liquids. Ionic liquid additives can effectively reduce friction and wear while improving lubricating property.
The work aims to study effects of ionic liquids on film-forming capability as well as friction and wear properties of basic lubricants as additives. With poly-α-olefin(PAO8) and lithium-based grease as basic additives, and quaternary phosphonium chloride ionic liquid as additive, an experiment was performed with UMT-3 multi-functional friction and wear tester, tested sample surface was analyzed with scanning electron microscope(SEM). Meanwhile, film thickness was measured optical interference point-contacting lubricating oil film thickness tester. Effects of the ionic liquids on friction and lubrication properties of basic lubricants as additives were evaluated by comparing friction coefficient, film thickness and wear scar of the basic lubricants with those of basic lubricants containing the ionic liquids. Compared with base oil and base grease, ionic liquids could effectively reduce friction and wear as additives. Lubricants containing ionic liquid additives had higher oil film thickness, and the effect on film thickness was more obvious especially in high case. The starvation condition could be relieved apparently by adding ionic liquids. Ionic liquid additives can effectively reduce friction and wear while improving lubricating property.
引文
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[11]OLIVIER H.Recent Developments in the Use of Nonaqueous Ionic Liquids for Two-phase Catalysis[J].Journal of Molecular Catalysis A:Chemical,1999,146(1):285-289.
[12]GUO F,WONG P L.Variations of an EHL Film under Boundary Slippage[C]//IUTAM Symposium on Elastohydrodynamics and Micro-elastohydrodynamics.Springer Netherlands:Solid Mechanics and Its Application,2006:285-296.
[13]王学锋,郭峰,杨沛然.纳/微米弹流油膜厚度测量系统[J].摩擦学学报,2006(2):150-154.WANG Xue-feng,GUO Feng,YANG Pei-ran.A Film Measuring System for Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication from Nano to Micro Thickness[J].Journal of Tribology,2006(2):150-154.
[14]GUO F,Fu Z,WONG P L,Experimental Study on Lubrication Regime Variation in Point Contacts[J].Tribol Int,2008,41:451-460.
[15]蔡美荣.抗氧化防腐蚀离子液体的合成及其摩擦学性能研究[D].北京:中国科学院大学,2012.CAI Mei-rong.The Synthesis and Tribological Performance of Antioxidation and Anticorrosion Ionic Liquids[D].Beijing:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2012.
[2]黄平,孟永钢,徐华.摩擦学教程[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2008.HUANG Ping,MENG Yong-gang,XU Hua.Tribology Tutorial[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2008.
[3]EARLE M J,SEDDON K R.Ionic Liquids:Green Solvents for the Future[J].Pure Appl Chem,2000,72:1391-1399.
[4]YE C F,LIU W M,CHEN Y X,et al.Room-temper-ature Ionic Liquids:A Novel Versatile Lubricant[J].Chem Commun,2001,21:2244-2249.
[5]ZHOU F,LIANG Y M,LIU W M.Ionic Liquid Lubricants:Designed Chemistry for Engineering Applications[J].Chem Soc Rev,2009,38:2590-2599.
[6]PHILLIPS B S,ZABINSKI J S.Ionic Liquid Lubrication Effects on Ceramics in a Water Environment[J].Tribol Lett,2004,17:533-541.
[7]QU J,BANSAL D G,YU B,et al.Antiwear Performance and Mechanism of an Oil-miscible Ionic Liquid as a Lubricant Additive[J].ACS Applied Materials&Interfaces,2012,4(2):997-1002.
[8]JIMENEZ A E,BERMUDEZ M D,IGLESIAS P,et al.1-N-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium Ionic Liquids as Neat Lubricants and Lubricant Additives in Steel-Aluminium Contacts[J].Wear,2006,260:766-782.
[9]解国新,雒建斌,郭丹,等.普通离子液体润滑剂的润滑成膜性能研究[J].机械工程学报,2011,47(11):82-86.XIE Guo-xin,LUO Jian-bin,GUO Dan,et al.Film Forming Characteristics of Common Ionic Liquid Lubricants[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2011,47(11):82-86.
[10]FAN M J,LIANG Y M,ZHOU F,et al.Dramatically Improved Friction Reduction and Wear Resistance by In-situ Formed Ionic Liquids[J].RSC Advances,2012,56:6824-6830.
[11]OLIVIER H.Recent Developments in the Use of Nonaqueous Ionic Liquids for Two-phase Catalysis[J].Journal of Molecular Catalysis A:Chemical,1999,146(1):285-289.
[12]GUO F,WONG P L.Variations of an EHL Film under Boundary Slippage[C]//IUTAM Symposium on Elastohydrodynamics and Micro-elastohydrodynamics.Springer Netherlands:Solid Mechanics and Its Application,2006:285-296.
[13]王学锋,郭峰,杨沛然.纳/微米弹流油膜厚度测量系统[J].摩擦学学报,2006(2):150-154.WANG Xue-feng,GUO Feng,YANG Pei-ran.A Film Measuring System for Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication from Nano to Micro Thickness[J].Journal of Tribology,2006(2):150-154.
[14]GUO F,Fu Z,WONG P L,Experimental Study on Lubrication Regime Variation in Point Contacts[J].Tribol Int,2008,41:451-460.
[15]蔡美荣.抗氧化防腐蚀离子液体的合成及其摩擦学性能研究[D].北京:中国科学院大学,2012.CAI Mei-rong.The Synthesis and Tribological Performance of Antioxidation and Anticorrosion Ionic Liquids[D].Beijing:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2012.