直流熔断器小电流拖尾问题优化分析设计
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摘要
直流熔断器广泛应用于电力系统保护中,但对于系统中出现的低过载电流故障,直流熔断器易出现电流拖尾时间过长、导致熔断器过热喷弧甚至爆炸等问题。针对这一问题,建立了电弧数学模型,对熔断器燃弧过程以及在低过载情况下分断困难进行了机理性分析,并研究了不同的狭颈宽带比例对于分断结果的影响。考虑了熔断器的过零时间受限于熔断器瓷壳的体积结构,确定了最优的1∶3.25的狭宽比。最后以某型额定直流熔断器800 V/300 A为研究对象进行试验验证。试验结果表明,狭宽比在1∶3.25时取得了较好的分断效果。所提结论对于直流熔断器的优化设计以及电力设备的保护具有重要意义。
DC fuses are widely used in the protection of power systems.However,for low overload current faults in the system,DC fuses are prone to excessive current tailing time,resulting in problems such as overheating,arcing and even explosion of fuses.Aiming at this problem,this paper established an arc mathematical model,analyzed the arcing process of the fuse and the difficulty of breaking in the case of low overload,and studied the influence of different narrow-band broadband ratio on the breaking result.Considering the zero-crossing time of the device is limited by the volume structure of the fuse shell,and the optimum 1∶3.25 aspect ratio is determined.Finally,a certain type of rated DC fuse 800 V/300 A was used as the research object to verify the experiment.The experimental results show that when the aspect ratio is 1∶3.25,the better breaking effect is obtained.The conclusions presented are of great significance for the optimal design of DC fuses and the protection of power equipment.
DC fuses are widely used in the protection of power systems.However,for low overload current faults in the system,DC fuses are prone to excessive current tailing time,resulting in problems such as overheating,arcing and even explosion of fuses.Aiming at this problem,this paper established an arc mathematical model,analyzed the arcing process of the fuse and the difficulty of breaking in the case of low overload,and studied the influence of different narrow-band broadband ratio on the breaking result.Considering the zero-crossing time of the device is limited by the volume structure of the fuse shell,and the optimum 1∶3.25 aspect ratio is determined.Finally,a certain type of rated DC fuse 800 V/300 A was used as the research object to verify the experiment.The experimental results show that when the aspect ratio is 1∶3.25,the better breaking effect is obtained.The conclusions presented are of great significance for the optimal design of DC fuses and the protection of power equipment.
引文
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[15] 荣命哲,仲林林,王小华,等.平衡态与非平衡态电弧等离子体微观特性计算研究综述[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(19):54-65.
[2] 王晨,徐建霖.混合型限流及开断技术发展综述[J].电网技术,2017,41(5):1644-1653.
[3] MIKULECKY H W.Current-limiting fuse with full-range clearing T ability [J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems,1965,84(12):1107-1116.
[4] GNANALINGAM S,WILKINS R.Digital simulation of fuse breaking tests[J].Proceedings of IEE,1980,127(6):434-440.
[5] 王季梅,严隽豹.保护电力配电变压器用真空型全范围熔断器[J].高压电器,2001,37(2):58-59,63.
[6] 李枫,庄劲武,江壮贤,等.混合型限流熔断器爆炸活塞式高速开断装置炸药腔室结构分析及优化[J].高电压技术,2017,33(7):2417-2424.
[7] 李兴文.低压电器空气电弧的近期研究进展[J].电器与能效管理技术,2018(22):12-19.
[8] 吴艺红,侯国斌,邓晓峰,等.空气电弧对电极的烧蚀研究综述[J].电器与能效管理技术,2017(7):1-7.
[9] 周挺,文远芳,毛柳明,等.用EMTP/ATP研究高压限流熔断器暂态过程[J].高电压技术,2007,33(10):37-40.
[10] 尚振球,杨源龙.石英砂中的电弧数学模型述评[J].高压电器,1986,22(5):40-47.
[11] WRIGHT A,BEAUMONT K J.Analysis of high-breaking-capacity fuse link arcing phenomena[J].Electrical Engineers,Proceedings of the Institution of,1976,123(3):252-257.
[12] 谢运祥,王季梅.石英砂熔断器开断过程的电弧数学模型[J].中国电机工程学报,1992,12(1):27-33.
[13] JERROLD M Y.Transport properties of nitrogen,hydrogen,oxygen,and air to 30kK[J].Research and Advanced Development Division Avco corp,1963,11(8):435-453.
[14] 王伟宗,吴翊,荣命哲,等.局域热力学平衡态空气电弧等离子体输运参数计算研究[J].物理学报,2012,61(10):272-281.
[15] 荣命哲,仲林林,王小华,等.平衡态与非平衡态电弧等离子体微观特性计算研究综述[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(19):54-65.