云南省适宜与玉米间作大豆品种的筛选与鉴定
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摘要
为了筛选和鉴定适宜云南省与玉米间作的大豆品种,本研究在玉米与大豆间作条件下,采用灰色关联度和系统聚类分析方法对44个大豆品种(系)的10个农艺及产量性状进行综合分析及评价。结果表明:参试品种各性状的变异系数的变异范围为7.3%~51.2%,说明各地大豆资源的表型多样性比较丰富。灰色关联分析表明影响间作大豆产量的性状依次为单株粒数、主茎节数、百粒重、单株荚数、分枝数、倒伏性、株高、节间长度、每荚粒数。利用系统聚类法将44个大豆品种分为了3大类,各类群性状之间的差异较明显,其中单株荚多、单株粒多、分枝多、百粒重适中的第一类是比较适宜与玉米间作的大豆品种(系)。
In order to screen and identify of soybean varieties suitable for intercropping with maize in Yunnan province,this study used the grey relational degree and system cluster analysis method,ten agronomic and yield characters of 44 soybean varieties( lines) conducted a comprehensive analysis and evaluation under the conditions of corn and soybean intercropping. The results showed that the coefficient of variation in phenotypic traits was between 7. 3%-51. 2%,which illustrated that the germplasm from around had a relatively rich morphological diversity. Using grey correlation degree analysis indicated the order of main characters which influenced the yield of intercropping soybean as follows: seeds per plan,Number of nodes on main stem,100-seed weight,Pods per plant,number of branches,lodging resistance,plant height,Internode length,and seeds per pod. By the system cluster analysis of 44 soybean varieties was classified into three clusters. More pods per plant,more seeds per plant,more branch and moderate 100-seed weight of the first class were suitable for intercropping with corn in Yunnan province.
In order to screen and identify of soybean varieties suitable for intercropping with maize in Yunnan province,this study used the grey relational degree and system cluster analysis method,ten agronomic and yield characters of 44 soybean varieties( lines) conducted a comprehensive analysis and evaluation under the conditions of corn and soybean intercropping. The results showed that the coefficient of variation in phenotypic traits was between 7. 3%-51. 2%,which illustrated that the germplasm from around had a relatively rich morphological diversity. Using grey correlation degree analysis indicated the order of main characters which influenced the yield of intercropping soybean as follows: seeds per plan,Number of nodes on main stem,100-seed weight,Pods per plant,number of branches,lodging resistance,plant height,Internode length,and seeds per pod. By the system cluster analysis of 44 soybean varieties was classified into three clusters. More pods per plant,more seeds per plant,more branch and moderate 100-seed weight of the first class were suitable for intercropping with corn in Yunnan province.
引文
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[2]周新安,年海,杨文钰,等.南方间套作大豆生产发展的现状与对策(Ⅰ)[J].大豆科技,2010(3):1-2.(Zhou X A,Nian H,Yang W Y,et al.The current situation and strategy of the production development of soybean intercropping in southern China(I)[J].Soybean Science and Technology,2010(3):1-2)
[3]周新安,年海,杨文钰,等.南方间套作大豆生产发展的现状与对策(Ⅱ)[J].大豆科技,2010(4):1-3.(Zhou X A,Nian H,Yang W Y,et al.The current situation and strategy of the production development of soybean intercropping in southern China(Ⅱ)[J].Soybean Science and Technology,2010(4):1-3.)
[4]周新安,年海,杨文钰,等.南方间套作大豆生产发展的现状与对策(Ⅲ)[J].大豆科技,2010(5):1-2.(Zhou X A,Nian H,Yang W Y,et al.The current situation and strategy of the production development of soybean intercropping in Southern China(Ⅲ)[J].Soybean Science and Technology,2010(5):1-2.)
[5]李隆,李晓林,张福锁.小麦-大豆间作中小麦对大豆磷吸收的促进作用[J].生态学报,2000,20(7):629-633.(Li L,Li X L,Zhang F S.Facilitation of wheat to phosphorus uptake by soybean in the wheat soybean intercropping[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2000,20(7):629-633.)
[6]苏艳红,黄国勤,刘秀英,等.红壤旱地玉米大豆间作系统的增产增收效应及其机理研究[J].江西农业大学学报,2005,27(2):210-213.(Su Y H,Huang G Q,Liu X Y,et al.Studies on the mechanism of increasing yield and income of the intercropping system with maize and soybean in upland of red soil[J].Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis,2005,27(2):210-213.)
[7]梁慕勤,潘世元,梁镇林.大豆耐荫性的研究-Ⅱ.不同生态区的品种、植株形态和籽粒特性与大豆耐荫性的关系[J].贵州农业科学,1986(3):5-8.(Liang M Q,Pan S Y,Liang Z L.Shade tolerance research of soybean-II.The relationship between species,plant morphology and grain characteristics and shade tolerance of soybean in different ecological areas[J].Journal of Guizhou Agricultural Science,1986(3):5-8.)
[8]陈怀珠,孙祖东,杨守臻,等.荫蔽对大豆主要性状的影响及大豆耐荫性鉴定方法研究初报[J].中国油料作物学报,2003(4):80-84.(Chen H Z,Sun Z D,Yang S Z,et al.Preliminary study on the effects of shading major traits of soybean and soybean shade of identification methods[J].Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences,2003(4):80-84.)
[9]朱星陶,谭春燕,陈佳琴,等.玉米-大豆间作行距对大豆生长及品质的影响[J].贵州农业科学,2016,44(6):22-25.(Zhu X T,Tan C Y,Chen J Q,et al.Effects of intercropping row spacing between maize and soybean on growth and quality of soybean[J].Guizhou Agricultural Sciences,2016,44(6):22-25.)
[10]罗健,鲁有均,唐永金.间作对大豆主要经济性状的影响及适宜品种筛选[J].作物杂志,2010(6):109-111.(Luo J,Lu Y J,Tang Y J.Effects of intercropping on soybean and selection of suitable varieties[J].Crops,2010(6):109-111.)
[11]张正翼,龚万灼,杨文钰,等.套作模式下不同大豆品种(系)主要农艺性状与产量的关系[J].大豆科学,2007(5):680-686.(Zhang Z Y,Gong W Z,Yang W Y,et al.The relationship between different soybean varieties(lines)main agronomic traits and yield under intercropping patterns[J].Soybean Science,2007(5):680-686.)
[12]卜伟召,刘鑫,武晓玲,等.黄淮海带状间作大豆品种的筛选与鉴定[J].大豆科学,2015,34(2):191-198.(Bu W Z,Liu X,Wu X L,et al.Screening and identification of Huanghuaihai strip intercropping soybean varieties[J].Soybean Science,2015,34(2):191-198.)
[13]邱丽娟,常汝镇,刘章雄,等.大豆种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2006.(Qiu L J,Chang R Z,Liu Z X.et al.Descriptors and data standard for soybean(Glycine spp.)[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2006.)
[14]李向华,常汝镇.中国春大豆品种聚类分析及主成分分析[J].作物学报,1998,24(3):325-332.(Li X H,Chang R Z.Cluster and principal component analysis of the spring soybean varieties in China[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,1998,24(3):325-332.)
[15]游明安,盖钧镒.长江下游大豆地方品种的聚类分析[J].中国油料,1994(4):36-40.(You M A,Gai J Y.Cluster analysis of soybean varieties in lower reaches of Changjiang river[J].Journal of Chinese Oil,1994(4):36-40.)