GC-MS结合保留指数研究龙脑樟不同部位精油成分
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摘要
采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取5年生龙脑樟叶、干、根3个部位精油,利用GC-MS检测方法,结合保留指数(RI)分析法,对精油化学成分组成进行鉴定。结果表明:龙脑叶精油含固体粗龙脑和液体龙脑油2种物质,粗龙脑共鉴定出8种化合物,占挥发油总含量的99.97%,其中含量> 1.00%的化合物共2种;龙脑油共鉴定出28种化合物,占挥发油总含量的99.73%,其中含量> 1.00%的化合物共16种。干精油共鉴定出27种化合物,占挥发油总含量的98.97%,其中含量> 1.00%的化合物共14种。根精油共鉴定出26种化合物,占挥发油总含量的99.89%,其中含量> 1.00%的化合物共14种。3个部位精油中所共有的化合物有20种,叶精油、干精油主要成分是龙脑,根精油中主要成分是黄樟油素,但龙脑含量极低。
The essential oil from leaves, stems and roots of 5 years old Cinnamomum camphora were extracted by steam distillation. The components of essential oil was identified by GC-MS and retention indices. The essential oil from leaves contains rough borneol solid and borneol oil liquid. 8 components in the rough borneol solid were identified and accounted for 99.97% of the total components, in which the content of 2 components was more than 1.00%; 28 components in the borneol oil were identified and accounted for 99.73% of the total components, in which the content of 16 components was more than 1.00%; 27 components in stem essential oil were identified and accounted for 98.97% of the total components, in which the content of 14 components was more than 1.00%; 26 components in root essential oil were identified and accounted for 99.89% of the total components, in which the content of 14 components was more than 1.00%. 20 common components were in the different parts of Cinnamomum camphora, the main component of leaf essential oil and stem essential oil was borneol, but the main component of root essential oil is safrole, with extremely low content of borneol.
The essential oil from leaves, stems and roots of 5 years old Cinnamomum camphora were extracted by steam distillation. The components of essential oil was identified by GC-MS and retention indices. The essential oil from leaves contains rough borneol solid and borneol oil liquid. 8 components in the rough borneol solid were identified and accounted for 99.97% of the total components, in which the content of 2 components was more than 1.00%; 28 components in the borneol oil were identified and accounted for 99.73% of the total components, in which the content of 16 components was more than 1.00%; 27 components in stem essential oil were identified and accounted for 98.97% of the total components, in which the content of 14 components was more than 1.00%; 26 components in root essential oil were identified and accounted for 99.89% of the total components, in which the content of 14 components was more than 1.00%. 20 common components were in the different parts of Cinnamomum camphora, the main component of leaf essential oil and stem essential oil was borneol, but the main component of root essential oil is safrole, with extremely low content of borneol.
引文
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[2]CHEN L,SU J Y,LI L,et al.A new source of natural D-borneol and its characteristic[J].Journal of Medicinal Plants Research,2011,5(15):3440-3447.
[3]丁雄,苏健裕,石磊,等.龙脑樟鲜叶挥发油成分及其抗菌活性的研究[J].食品工业科技,2012,33(18):167-171.
[4]刘塔斯,龚力民,郭英,等.GC-MS测定龙脑樟植物不同部位右旋龙脑的含量[J].中国中药杂志,2009,34(13):1692-1694.
[5]张宇思,王成章,周昊,等.不同产地龙脑樟叶挥发油成分的GC-MS分析[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2014,20(10):57-61.
[6]刘宝全,钟美玲,李柏龙,等.龙脑樟枝叶的龙脑组成特点研究[J].大连民族大学学报,2017,19(1):28-31.
[7]黄慧莲,林涛,熊梅,等.龙脑樟枝叶中挥发油化学成分GC-MS分析[J].世界中医药,2012,7(5):453-455.
[8]刘志明,王海英,王芳,等.日本花柏和侧柏精油的GC-MS分析[J].经济林研究,2011,29(3):88-92.
[9]樊金栓,王性炎.巴山冷杉和秦岭冷杉树脂精油化学成分的研究[J].经济林研究,1991,9(1):11-16.
[10]蔡倩,陈琨,王桃梅,等.保留指数辅助GC-MS对宁夏芜菁挥发性成分分析[J].食品研究与开发,2016,37(19):145-149.
[11]胡文杰,高捍东,江香梅,等.樟树油樟、脑樟和异樟化学型的叶精油成分及含量分析[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2012,32(11):186-194.
[12]胡文杰.樟树不同化学型精油主成分时空变异规律及优良单株选择[D].南京:南京林业大学,2012.