液压锥阀空化流分析及阀芯结构改进研究
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摘要
空化是液压锥阀运行时造成振动及噪声的重要因素,其影响因素颇为复杂。利用FLUENT中混合模型(Mixture)及标准κ-ε湍流模型,对锥阀阀芯锥角和阀口开度的变化对空化程度的影响进行计算流体动力学分析,发现随着阀口开度的增大,空化程度先增强后减弱,而随着阀芯锥角的增大,小开度下空化程度逐渐减弱,大开度时先减弱后增强。采用两个不同锥角的锥面对阀芯结构改进,发现可一定程度抑制空化。
Cavitation is an important factor that causes vibration and noise in the operation of hydraulic poppet valve, and its influence factors are quite complicated. The CFD analysis of the influence of the change of cone angle and valve opening degree on the cavitation degree was carried out by using the FLUENT mixture model and the standard κ-ε turbulence model. It is found that the degree of cavitation increases and then decreases with the increase of valve opening degree.With the increase of the cone angle of the spool, the cavitation strength decreases gradually when the valve opening is small. It weakens first and then increases when the opening of the valve is larger.The improvement of the cones structure with two different cone angles can effectively inhibit cavitation.
Cavitation is an important factor that causes vibration and noise in the operation of hydraulic poppet valve, and its influence factors are quite complicated. The CFD analysis of the influence of the change of cone angle and valve opening degree on the cavitation degree was carried out by using the FLUENT mixture model and the standard κ-ε turbulence model. It is found that the degree of cavitation increases and then decreases with the increase of valve opening degree.With the increase of the cone angle of the spool, the cavitation strength decreases gradually when the valve opening is small. It weakens first and then increases when the opening of the valve is larger.The improvement of the cones structure with two different cone angles can effectively inhibit cavitation.
引文
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[2] OSHIMA S,ICHIKAWA T.CavitationPhenomena and Performance of Oil Hydraulic Poppet Valve[J].Bulletin of JSME,1985,28:2264-2271.
[3] 高红,傅新,杨华勇.锥阀阀口气穴流场的数值模拟与试验研究[J].机械工程学报,2002,38(8):27-30.GAO H,FU X,YANG H Y.Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Cavitating Flow Within Hydraulic Poppet Valve[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2002,38(8):27-30.
[4] 李惟祥,邓斌,刘晓红,等.基于CFD的液压锥阀振动原因分析[J].机械科学与技术,2012,31(9):1434-1438.LI W X,DENG B,LIU X H,et al.Analysis on Reasons Causing Vibration of Hydraulic Poppet Valve Based on CFD[J].Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering,2012,31(9):1434-1438.
[5] HAN M X,LIU Y S.A Numerical Investigation in Characteristics of Flow Force under Cavitation State inside the Water Hydraulic Poppet Valves[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2017,111:1-16.
[6] 龙正,张婷婷,王攀达,等.节流阀小开度下空化特性的数值分析[J].制造业自动化,2014,36(7):56-58.LONG Z,ZHANG T T,WANG P D,et al.Numerical Simulation and Analysis on Cavitation Property at Small Opening of Throttle Valve[J].Manufacturing Automation,2014,36(7):56-58.
[7] 江帆,黄鹏.Fluent高级应用与实例分析[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2008.
[8] 王瑞金,张凯.Fluent技术基础与应用实例[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2007.