文化交融中的辽西合院住居文化研究
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摘要
在"闯关东"这一人口大迁移的背景下,中原移民与辽西人民文化交融、生活方式趋同,关东建筑在中原文化的渗透中逐渐演变而呈趋同态势。该文以辽西合院民居为研究对象,以山东、北京及河北合院民居作为参照对象,进行住居文化研究。基于大量实地调研,笔者提取合院原型,运用类比方法,尝试发现辽西文化与中原住居文化之共性、个性和差异性。辽西独有的合院形制蕴含了多维信息,是多元文化资源和信息在时间和空间中流动、整合的结果。现代乡村住居应在汲取外来文化的同时,注重继承其传统特色。
Under the background of the large-scale migration of "Brave the journey to Northeast", the living culture and lifestyle of aborigines in Liaoxi is gradually the same as immigrants of Central Plains. The Guandong architecture gradually evolved under the influence of the Central Plains culture and showed a trend of convergence. Taking the courtyard residences of Liaoxi as the research object, using the residential houses of Shandong, Beijing and Hebei as the reference objects, we conduct the research about the residence culture. Based on a large number of field research, we extract the prototype of the courtyard and use the analogy method, and we try to discover the commonality,individuality and difference between the culture of Liaoxi and Central Plains. The shape of the courtyard in Liaoxi contains a variety of information, which is the result of the flow and integration of various cultural resources and information in time and space. Rural residences should focus on inheriting their traditional characteristics while drawing on external culture.
Under the background of the large-scale migration of "Brave the journey to Northeast", the living culture and lifestyle of aborigines in Liaoxi is gradually the same as immigrants of Central Plains. The Guandong architecture gradually evolved under the influence of the Central Plains culture and showed a trend of convergence. Taking the courtyard residences of Liaoxi as the research object, using the residential houses of Shandong, Beijing and Hebei as the reference objects, we conduct the research about the residence culture. Based on a large number of field research, we extract the prototype of the courtyard and use the analogy method, and we try to discover the commonality,individuality and difference between the culture of Liaoxi and Central Plains. The shape of the courtyard in Liaoxi contains a variety of information, which is the result of the flow and integration of various cultural resources and information in time and space. Rural residences should focus on inheriting their traditional characteristics while drawing on external culture.
引文
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[6]张伯英《黑龙江志稿》卷十六,物产志.
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[16]曲薇,曹慧玲,陈伯超.浅谈河北民居的院落[J]建筑设计管理,2005(4):39-42.
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[18]于佳,朱一荣.山东省传统民居分类及特征初探[J].现代园艺,2017(20):119-120.
[19]马振东,张晓义.“闯关东”:近代山东移民与武术的传播--文化传播学的视角[J].北京体育大学学报,2012,35(7):36-39+44.
[20]阴秀文,许保增.沉淀老济南性格的合院[J].走向世界,2012(6):26-28.
[2]马振东,张晓义.“闯关东”:近代山东移民与武术的传播--文化传播学的视角[J].北京体育大学学报,2012,35(7):36-39+44.
[3]马红丽.清朝山东人“闯关东”的成因及影响[J]边疆经济与文化,2006(5):130-131.
[4]葛剑雄.中国移民史(卷1)[M].福州:福建人民出版社,1993.
[5]牛淑萍.清代山东移民东北论述.烟台师范学院学报哲学社会科学版,2001(3):60.
[6]张伯英《黑龙江志稿》卷十六,物产志.
[7](清)西清.黑龙江外记(卷6)[M].哈尔滨:黑龙江人民出版社,1984.
[8]孙红艳.“闯关东”对辽宁方言成因的影响[D]重庆:西南大学,2009.
[9](清)杨宾.柳边纪略(卷4)[M].沈阳:辽沈书社,1985.
[10]李林,汤建中.北镇满族志[M].沈阳:辽沈书社,1990.
[11]王阿慧,石铁矛.兴城古城民居院落空间研究[J]山西建筑,2005(18):19-20.
[12]胡飞,付瑶.兴城传统民居的保护与文化产业链接[J].山西建筑,2008(2):32-33.
[13]周搏.满族民居:沐浴冰雪中的别样合院[J].国土资源,2007(5):54-57.
[14]顾军,王立成.试论北京四合院的建筑特色[J]北京联合大学学报,2002(1):57-62.
[15]顾宁,宋靖,孙伟.浅析北京四合院的文化内涵和建筑特色[J].山西建筑,2010,36(20):32-34.
[16]曲薇,曹慧玲,陈伯超.浅谈河北民居的院落[J]建筑设计管理,2005(4):39-42.
[17]姜波.山东民居概述[J].华中建筑,1998(2):126-127.
[18]于佳,朱一荣.山东省传统民居分类及特征初探[J].现代园艺,2017(20):119-120.
[19]马振东,张晓义.“闯关东”:近代山东移民与武术的传播--文化传播学的视角[J].北京体育大学学报,2012,35(7):36-39+44.
[20]阴秀文,许保增.沉淀老济南性格的合院[J].走向世界,2012(6):26-28.